Industrial Ontologies Group

University of JyväskyläUniversity of Jyväskylä

PRIME Project IdeaPRIME Project IdeaPRIME Project IdeaPRIME Project Idea““PrProactive oactive IInter-nter-MMiddleware for Self-iddleware for Self-Configurable Heterogeneous Cloud Configurable Heterogeneous Cloud

EEcosystems”cosystems”

““Device”Device”

““Expert”Expert”

““Service”Service”

Resource Resource AgentAgent

Resource Resource AgentAgent

Resource Resource AgentAgent

Inter-middleware conceptInter-middleware conceptInter-middleware conceptInter-middleware concept

• Most of the resources are connected to some existing middleware.Most of the resources are connected to some existing middleware.• We do not abandon those. Rather, we connect to the resources We do not abandon those. Rather, we connect to the resources throughthrough their respective middleware.their respective middleware.• In this sense, the PRIME platform is a In this sense, the PRIME platform is a inter-middlewareinter-middleware..

Repository of roles and scenarios

Repository of atomic behaviors

Directory

M3

M5

M1

M2M6

M4

M7

M3

M5

M1

M2

M6

M4

M7

PRIMEInter-Middleware

PRIME: Inter-Middleware conceptPRIME: Inter-Middleware conceptPRIME: Inter-Middleware conceptPRIME: Inter-Middleware concept

Challenges and SolutionsChallenges and SolutionsChallenges and SolutionsChallenges and Solutions

• Clouds are supposing to have very heterogeneous componentsClouds are supposing to have very heterogeneous components• Different nature (devices, Web services, humans).Different nature (devices, Web services, humans).• Not always the exact same domain (e.g. more general Web Not always the exact same domain (e.g. more general Web services can be applicable to several industries).services can be applicable to several industries).

• Data-level heterogeneityData-level heterogeneity• Calls for the Calls for the Semantic technologySemantic technology..

• Protocol-level heterogeneityProtocol-level heterogeneity• PRIME approaches through the PRIME approaches through the Agent technologyAgent technology..• Each resource has a representative – software agent (not Each resource has a representative – software agent (not necessarily intelligent or even fully autonomous, but at least necessarily intelligent or even fully autonomous, but at least able to act as a able to act as a programmable proxyprogrammable proxy).).• Interactions among resources go through their agents.Interactions among resources go through their agents.

Challenges and Solutions (2)Challenges and Solutions (2)Challenges and Solutions (2)Challenges and Solutions (2)

• CoordinationCoordination• When considering physical devices, in contrast to purely When considering physical devices, in contrast to purely digital world of Web services, coordination is critical.digital world of Web services, coordination is critical.• Coordination is about resources planning their activities Coordination is about resources planning their activities while attempting to avoid negative interactions (e.g. collision while attempting to avoid negative interactions (e.g. collision over a non-shareable resource) as well as exploit positive over a non-shareable resource) as well as exploit positive interactions (re-using each other results).interactions (re-using each other results).• Enabling coordination among heterogeneous resources is Enabling coordination among heterogeneous resources is even harder problem than data-level or protocol-level even harder problem than data-level or protocol-level heterogeneity – heterogeneity – communication about actions.communication about actions.

• PRIME approaches through PRIME approaches through semantic programmingsemantic programming• Agents are programmed in RDF-based Semantic Agent Agents are programmed in RDF-based Semantic Agent Programming Language (S-APL).Programming Language (S-APL).• Agents communicate their action plans in S-APL as well.Agents communicate their action plans in S-APL as well.

PRIME for FP7: Preliminary glancePRIME for FP7: Preliminary glance

Coordinator: Prof. Vagan Terziyan (University of Jyväskylä)Partners (6-8): Academic (4)

• University of Jyväskylä, Finland – Architecture, SOA, Self-Management

• VTT (Technical Research Center), Finland – Agents, MAS, SE• University of Coimbra, Portugal – Semantics, Business, Web 2.0• Kharkov National University of Radioelectronics, Ukraine – IoT, SE

Industrial (2-4 - open)• End-User, Case provider• Technology provider (SAP ?)

Related Work by Industrial Ontologies Related Work by Industrial Ontologies Group (University of Jyväskylä, Finland)Group (University of Jyväskylä, Finland)Related Work by Industrial Ontologies Related Work by Industrial Ontologies

Group (University of Jyväskylä, Finland)Group (University of Jyväskylä, Finland)

just finished UBIWARE Project

Industrial Ontologies Group

Activities of Industrial Ontologies Group towards Activities of Industrial Ontologies Group towards Global Understanding EnvironmentGlobal Understanding Environment

Activities of Industrial Ontologies Group towards Activities of Industrial Ontologies Group towards Global Understanding EnvironmentGlobal Understanding Environment

““Device”Device”

““Expert”Expert”

““Service”Service”

Resource Resource AgentAgent

Resource Resource AgentAgent

Resource Resource AgentAgent

PIGB

SC

Vagan Terziyanvagan@cc.jyu.fi

http://www.cs.jyu.fi/ai/Industrial_Ontologies_Group_booklet_print.doc

GUN Concept GUN Concept (Industrial Ontologies Group)(Industrial Ontologies Group)GUN Concept GUN Concept (Industrial Ontologies Group)(Industrial Ontologies Group)

GUN – Global Understanding eNvironment

GUN=

Global Environment+

Global Understanding =

Proactive Self-Managed Semantic Web of

Everything

http://www.mit.jyu.fi/ai/OntoGroup/projects.htm http://www.mit.jyu.fi/ai/Industrial_Ontologies_Group_booklet_print.doc

Current UBIWARE Agent ArchitectureCurrent UBIWARE Agent ArchitectureCurrent UBIWARE Agent ArchitectureCurrent UBIWARE Agent Architecture

S-APLS-APL – Semantic Agent Programming Language (RDF-based)

http://users.jyu.fi/~akataso/sapl.html

S-APLS-APL – is a hybrid of semantics (metadata / ontologies/ rules) specification languages, semantic reasoners, and agent programming languages. It integrates the semantic description of domain resources with the semantic prescription of the agents' behaviors

S-APLS-APL

Latest Innovations Invented by Industrial Latest Innovations Invented by Industrial Ontologies Group in UBIWAREOntologies Group in UBIWARE

Latest Innovations Invented by Industrial Latest Innovations Invented by Industrial Ontologies Group in UBIWAREOntologies Group in UBIWARE

• OntoNuts

• 4i (“for eye”) technology

• Smart Comments

OntoNuts – is the ontology-based instrument to reconfigure and enhance complex distributed systems by automated discovery and linking external sources of heterogeneous and dynamic data and capabilities during system runtime

4i – is smart ontology-based visualization technology able to automatically discover and utilize external visualization service providers and dynamically create and visualize mashups from external data sources in a context-driven way

Smart Comments – is smart ontology-based technology for end-user-driven control and configuration management of the application in runtime based on smart mapping of appropriate tags from natural language comments provided by a SW engineer and the source code.

Key Components of UBIWARE Key Components of UBIWARE Scientific ImpactScientific Impact

3. Language

1. UBIWARE: Approach and Architecture

2. Engine

4. Ontonuts

EnvironmentEnvironment

HardBodyHardBody

SoftBodySoftBody

SoftMindSoftMind

HardMindHardMind

HardSoulHardSoul

SoftSoulSoftSoul

UBIWARE Agent: Possible Future ArchitectureUBIWARE Agent: Possible Future Architecture

RABRAB – Reusable Atomic Behavior

RBERBE – Reusable Behavior Engine

RA

BR

AB

RA

BR

AB

RA

BR

AB

RA

BR

AB

RB

ER

BE

RB

ER

BE

RB

ER

BE

RB

ER

BE

BeliefsBeliefs(facts, rules, policies, plans)(facts, rules, policies, plans)

Shared Shared BeliefsBeliefs

Shared Shared RABsRABs

Shared Shared RBEsRBEs

Shared Shared Meta-BeliefsMeta-Beliefs

Meta-Beliefs Meta-Beliefs (preferences)(preferences)

““Life” BehaviorLife” Behavior

Co

nfi

gu

rati

on

Co

nfi

gu

rati

on

(GE

NO

ME

)(G

EN

OM

E)

Shared Shared HardwareHardware

“Visible” to other agents

through observation

OntobilityOntobility is self-contained, self-described, semantically marked-up proactive agent capability (agent-driven ontonut), which can be “seen”, discovered, exchanged, composed and “executed” (internally or remotely) across the agent platform in a task-driven way and which can perform social utility-based behavior

GenomeGenome is part of semantically marked-up agent configuration settings, which can serve as a tool for agent evolution: inheritance crossover and mutation

May be an

agent

UBIWARE present statusUBIWARE present statusUBIWARE present statusUBIWARE present status

• The UBIWARE project is a major step in a longer path that aims to build the so called global understanding environment. That is, a platform or middleware that supports flexible integration of all kinds of resources that have not been a priori designed to be interoperable into new processes that have not been specified when designing the platform. The basic approach in development has been that of agile development – creation of a succession of prototypes with improving functionalities on every release combined with concrete use cases with companies.

PRIME in the context of UBIWAREPRIME in the context of UBIWAREPRIME in the context of UBIWAREPRIME in the context of UBIWARE

PRIME ObjectivesPRIME ObjectivesPRIME ObjectivesPRIME Objectives• Development of the generic inter-middleware architecture to enable

interoperability and integration of heterogeneous cloud resources and components through orchestrating available middleware platforms as services (MaaS).

• Development of an ontological model for interoperability, covering real-world entities, software systems, and humans along with their user interfaces, from both the technical and the business perspectives.

• Development of a multi-agent architecture, in which the interaction scenarios of heterogeneous resources involved in end-user applications are defined and configured declaratively (semantically) rather than programmatically.

• Adoption and further elaboration and extension of the Semantic Agent Programming Language (S-APL) for representation of agent’s role behaviour models (behavioural semantics) and the integration scenarios.

• Enabling flexible yet predictable operation through incorporating commitments imposed by the organizational roles and policies.

• Design of the core semantic mechanisms for inter-agent coordination.

• Development of a set of solutions enabling homogeneous interfacing with resources of different nature.

• Linking to Real-world Entities (physical objects with embedded electronics or RFID).

• Linking to the Web of Services.• Linking to Human Resources.

PRIME as 2-nd order middleware PRIME as 2-nd order middleware (UBIWARE-based)(UBIWARE-based)PRIME as 2-nd order middleware PRIME as 2-nd order middleware (UBIWARE-based)(UBIWARE-based)

Enhancement of Industrial Systems and Enhancement of Industrial Systems and Private Clouds with Public/Social Context and Private Clouds with Public/Social Context and

ServicesServices

Enhancement of Industrial Systems and Enhancement of Industrial Systems and Private Clouds with Public/Social Context and Private Clouds with Public/Social Context and

ServicesServices

Innovative concepts of PRIME VisionInnovative concepts of PRIME VisionInnovative concepts of PRIME VisionInnovative concepts of PRIME Vision• The “Inter-middleware" approach opens a new

challenging concept of MaaS (Middleware-as-a-Service) in addition to SaaS (Software-as-a-Service) and DaaS (Device-as-a-Service). Through MaaS every resource will be able to automatically get service available in certain ecosystem and even integrate heterogeneous services from different ecosystems. Also a human is considered in various possible roles including HaaS (Human-as-a-Service). The Knowledge-as-a-service (KaaS) driven by proactive ontologies is also a new concept. Finally we invented IaaS (Intelligence-as-a-Service), meaning data-mining/knowledge discovery/OLAP/ algorithms (which produce new knowledge to the system), as services of the system. Summarising, the “inter-middleware” vision allows innovative self-managed cloud architecture that enhances traditional cloud architectures with the Internet of Things capabilities and also with the capabilities provided by the Web of Services, Web of Humans (Web.2.0), Web of Knowledge (Web 3.0) and Web of Intelligence (Web 4.0).

Some of PRIME research challengesSome of PRIME research challenges• Ontology of: Middleware; Software Platforms, OS,

Environments, Ecosystems etc.;• Semantic annotation of remote environments and automated

access via smart semantic adapters (“ontonuts”);• Cloud architecture of PRIME with SOA principles towards

remote services;• PRIME as a “meta-cloud” (InterCloudWare);• User application as complex, autonomous, proactive agent-

driven entity;• End-users interfaces for systems’ design, (re)configuration

and use;• Devices and software applications as PRIME users (EaaU:

“Everything-as-a-User”);• Semantic blogging, PRIME knowledge creation and

management;• Assuring interoperability among applications designed with

PRIME;• “Linked Capabilities” vs. Linked Data