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INDUSTRIALRELATIONS

ADS465SEMINAR 1

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Process 

The perspective

industrial relations

Approaches 

Context 

Industrial actionconciliation/arbitration Collective

bargaining 

Concept 

Employee involvement andparticipation 

Trade unions and

management Government 

Industrial Relations 

Participants 

Arbitration Mechanism 

Labor Court &Industrial Court 

Laws :Industrial

Relations Act

Trade Union Act

The Employment

Act 

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Overview of Industrial Relations

Definition and principles of industrial

relations

Harmonious relations and its effects

Types of decision making in the

industrial relations system

Roles and functions of governmentin the industrial relations

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Definition and principles of industrial

relationsWhat is industrial relations

Relationship between an employee/employeesand his/their employer regarding employment ornon-employment, terms of employment,

conditions of work, rights and obligation of eachparty

THREE ingredients should be present to create IR

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employer employeeEMPLOYMENT

The employer offers employment

The employee accepts the offer

The employment (job) is the reward

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Examining the relationship betweenworkers and employers within the work

environment.

Three major areas of IR : relationshipbetween employers and trade unions,framework provided by the employmentlaws, and disciplinary procedures andtermination of employment contract.

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What is a trade union Basic understanding of a TU:

A trade union is an independent association

or combination of employees that acts as avoice to regulate relations betweenemployees and employers for the purpose ofimproving good industrial relations, enhanceeconomic and social status of both parties

as well as finding solutions to raiseproductivity for the benefit of those involved.

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Employee, employer &

employment Employee

Any person receiving salary or wages

Employer

An individual, a company or any type oforganization which has paid employees

Employment

Is the job reward

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What are expectations of

employee?

What are expectations of

employer?

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Who is an employee (workman)? Section 2 of IRA 1967 defines workman as any person, including

an apprentice, employed by an employer under a contract of

employment to work for hire or reward and for the purposes ofany proceedings in relation to a trade dispute includes any suchperson who has been dismissed, discharged or retrenched inconnection with or as a consequence of that dispute or whosedismissal, discharge or retrenchment has led to that dispute.

Who is an employer? Section 2 of IRA1967 defines employer as any person or body of

persons, whether corporate or incorporate, who employs aworkman under a contract of employment, and includes theGovernment and any statutory authority, unless otherwiseexpressly stated in this Act; .

What is contract of service?  Section 2 of EA 1955 defines contract of service as any

agreement, whether oral or in writing and whether express orimplied, whereby one person agrees to employ another as anemployee and that other agrees to serve his employer as anemployee and includes an apprenticeship contract;

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Principles of industrial relations

As identified in the IR Act  –  4 importantprinciples

The principles of trade unionism The principles of recognition of a union

The principles of collective bargaining leadingto collective agreement

The principles of resolving trade disputes

 concerned with equity and goodconscience

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Harmonious relations and its effects 

Harmonious - friendly, agreeable Parties involved in employment negotiate and

discusses for best interest of all parties involved

Tripartite relations

Employer

Employee

government

Effects

Productivity – 

 individual, organization & nation Conducive working environment

Better understanding among employee andemployer

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Types of decision making in the industrial

relations system

Unilateral

Decisions are made by management on behalf

of the employer without any interference by theworkers or any other party

Bilateral

Decisions are made with participation fromworkers through trade unions

Tripartite Decisions made by three parties  –  employers,

union representing the employees andgovernment

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Roles and functions of government in the

industrial relations

 3 major roles

Administrator

Through Ministry of Human Resources

Legislator

Through parliament

Participant

By being the largest employer in the country

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