Industrial Revolution

“Blood, Sweat, & Gears”

What do you notice?

Main Idea

• Industrial Revolution: A shift in the way people lived and worked.• Production shifted from

hand tools to machines.

Beginning

• The Industrial Revolution began in ENGLAND around 1750 and spread to the rest of Western Europe and the United States.

Why England?

Because England has what it takes to industrialize… natural resources, energy

sources, money, people, stable government….

1. Natural Resources: England has large supply of coal and iron ore

2. Power Source: An island easy access to the sea, many natural harbors and navigable rivers

3. Wealth: Church of England encouraged wealth so entrepreneurs had money to invest in new inventions

4. Workers: Enclosure Movement:

Landlords fenced-in their lands creating a landless working class

BEFORE the Industrial Revolution

• Agricultural Revolution: improvements in farming methods that occurred before the IR

• Improved Agricultural created a surplus of food, which led to a population increase more people to work!

BEFORE the Industrial Revolution

• Cottage Industries: People made things by hand at home

• People supported themselves, self- sufficient

• More people live in rural (country settings)

Early Industrial Revolution

• The first industry to industrialize is the TEXTILE industry

• Due to machines that make clothing

1764: Hargreaves invents Spinning Jenny, work 8 threads at once

Why Britain?

• Industrialization needs a large labor supply. A better food supply led to the biggest population growth:– 1680-1820: pop. doubled!

• This increased demand for manufactured goods.

• Agricultural productivity increased because of enclosure: farmers could make land more productive, introduced new crops

Inventions of the Industrial Revolution

Main Idea

• Advancements in technology produced the Industrial Revolution, and advancements in science and medicine altered the lives of people living in the new industrial cities. Cultural changes soon followed.

• Invented the Spinning Jenny• Reduced the amount of work needed to

produce yarn, with a worker able to work eight or more spools at once.

• Invented the STEAM ENGINE. • A steam engine performs

mechanical work using steam from boiling water to produce mechanical motion

• Invented the COTTON GIN which quickly and easily separates cotton fibers from their seeds, allowing for much greater productivity than manual cotton separation

• Invented the STEEL-MAKING PROCESS

Peak of Industrialization (mid 1800s)

• More inventions such as steel and iron

• More things are made by machines

• Factories develop (a large building in which machinery is used to manufacture goods)

• More people move to the city

Results of the Industrial Revolution

What were some advantages and disadvantages of industrialization? (p. 293)

Results of Industrial Revolution

1. Urbanization: building of cities and people moving to cities

2. Population increase3. Increased standards of

living for many but not all

4. Increased education

Results of Industrial Revolution

5.Environmental pollution– Air and water

Results of Industrial Revolution

6. Dissatisfaction of working class with working conditions

7. Growth of the middle class (social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business-people, and wealthy farmers)

Results of Industrial Revolution

8. Improved transportation– Invention of cars,

trains, steam boats….

BIG Effect of Industrial Revolution

• As countries used up their own natural resources there was an increased demand for raw materials from the Americas, Asia, and Africa. IMPERIALISM

Exit TicketLook at the graph on p. 2931. How many years do each

of the graphs cover?2. How much did the

population of Manchester grow during this time period?

3. Out of the 4 cities, which one grew the most?