INDUSTRIES OF PAKISTAN

BY:HANAN,FALAK,USMAN10.C.C

Aims and objectives

● To find out the importance of different major

industries of Pakistan.

● To find the importance of different minor industries

in Pakistan

● Problems of industrial sector

● Comparison with other countries

● Solution to the problem

Major Industries of pakistan

● Major industries of country contribute greatly to the economy of that country.

● They are usually in the formal sector and are usually registered .

● They employee a larger number of employees

● They are usually large and important industries of a country.

● They usually contribute to GDP of a country .

● Cotton textile industriy

● Agriculture industry

● Mining industry

● Sugar industry

Cotton-textile Industry● The Textile industry in Pakistan is the largest

manufacturing industry in Pakistan. ● Pakistan is the 8th largest exporter of textile products

in Asia.● This sector contributes 8.5% to the GDP. ● In addition, the sector employs about 45% of the total

labor force in the country (and 38% of the manufacturing workers).

● At present, there are 1,221 ginning units, 442 spinning units, 124 large spinning units and 425 small units which produce textile.

● The Textile industry in Pakistan is the largest manufacturing industry in Pakistan.

● Pakistan is the 8th largest exporter of textile products in Asia. This sector contributes 8.5% to the GDP.

Agriculture● Agriculture constitutes the largest sector of our

economy. ● Majority of the population, directly or indirectly,

dependent on this sector.● It contributes about 24 percent of Gross Domestic

Product (GDP) and accounts for half of employed labour force and is the largest source of foreign exchange earnings.

● It feeds our whole rural and urban population. Realizing its importance,planners and policy makers are always keen to have reliable area and production statistics of agricultural crops well in time.

● Policy makers primarily need accurate and timely statistics for the important crops such as wheat, cotton, rice, sugarcane, maize etc.

● In 2005, Pakistan produced 21,591,400 metric tons of wheat, more than all of Africa (20,304,585 metric tons) and nearly as much as all of South America (24,557,784 metric tons), according to the FAO.

● The country was expected to harvest 47 to 64 million tons of wheat in 2015.

● Pakistan has also cut the use of dangerous pesticides dramatically

Mining● Mining is an important industry in Pakistan.

● Pakistan has deposits of several minerals including coal, copper, gold, chromite, mineral salt, bauxite and several other minerals.

● There are also a variety of precious and semi-precious minerals that are also mined.

● These include peridot, aquamarine, topaz, ruby, emerald, rare-earth minerals bastnaesite and xenotime, sphene, tourmaline, and many varieties and types of quartz.

● The Pakistan Mineral Development Corporation is the responsible authority for the support and development of the mining industry.

● Gemstones Corporation of Pakistan looks after the interests of stake holders in gemstone mining and polishing as an official entity.

● Baluchistan province is the richest in mineral resources available in Pakistan.

● While recently Sindh discovered coal deposits in Thar.

● Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa is rich in gems.

● Most of the mineral gems found in Pakistan exist here.

● Apart from oil, gas and some mineral used in nuclear energy purposes which comes directly under federal control mining of other minerals is provincial issue.

● Currently around 52 minerals, are mined and processed in Pakistan.

● Khewra salt mines are second largest salt mines in the world

Sugar Industry● Sugar Industry is an agro-based industry, which

provides employment to the landless rural population and has a great impact on the economy of the country. it has become the second largest industry after the Textiles sector.

● The sugar industry is totally dependent on this raw material although sugar in the northern areas is also made from sugar beet. Sugarcane is a labor-intensive crop.

● It requires about 134 man-days/hectare. Sugarcane cultivation provides partial and seasonal employment to 3.9983m people approximately, which is about 12.14% of the total agricultural labor force.

● The general perception of the sugar industry as minting money is not a correct perspective in the prevailing situation. First of all, it has a seasonal production spell for a period of five months from November to March. Keeping production flow smoothly coordinated with storing and maintaining orderly schedules of supplies throughout the year are really complex issues to tackle.

Minor industries● In Pakistan, cottage or household industries hold

an important position in rural set-up and are usually know as minor industries .

● Most villages are self-sufficient in the basic necessities of life. They have their own carpenters, blacksmiths, potters, craftsmen and cotton weavers. Many families depend on minor cottage industries for income.

● Minor industries have also gained immense importance in cities and towns. There is great demand for hand-woven carpets, embroidered work, brassware, rugs and traditional bangles. These are also considered important export items and are in good demand in international markets.

Sports Industry ● There is an industry to manufacture everything so is for sport’s

goods and this is one of those industries that earn great revenue each year because of the popularity of every sport.

● In Pakistan almost all sports related items are produced but the famous products are soccer ball, cricket bat, cricket ball, tennis ball and some other items too.

● Sports industry of Pakistan has even manufactured the soccer ball for the FIFA World cup of the year 1994; this shows that how demanding the sports industry of Pakistan is in the world market of sports goods.

● The sports industry of Pakistan lies in the city of Sialkot which is a part of the province of Punjab.

● All the items of sports of the best quality are manufactured in the city of Sialkot and sports industry in Sialkot is the main factor of Sialkot’s economy as it earns great profit from it due to the high demand of sports good in international market.

Surgical Equipment industry ● The surgical instruments industry is mainly clustered in

and around the skirts of Sialkot. ● Over 99% of the countries production is centered at

Sialkot.● The sector comprises over 2300 companies, of which

around 30 can be considered large and the remainder can be split as 150 units of medium sized and remaining as small.

● The industry produces on average over 150 million pieces a year with an estimated value of around Rs 22 billion.

● Out of the total production, approximately over 95% is exported.

Environmental concerns- pictures

Negative Impacts of Industries

On Environment ● Cutting of forests – A lot number of forest trees are being cut in

northern areas for timber as well as fuel wood. People must not cut trees and use wood as fuel. There are various biodiversities, climate change and other environmental issues which are linked with forestry.

● The pollution from the factories- The environment of Pakistan is badly affected by the the smoke produced from the factories. This pollutes the air and the environment of Pakistan.

● The industrial waste from the the factories is not well treated and is dumped in the nearby rivers which pollutes the water in the rivers increasing the social cost and due to this water pollution the production of fish decreases impacting the fishing industry negatively.

Negative impact of industries

● On people

● .The working conditions in many small and cottage industry are poor and the impact health of workers negatively and many catch many diseases due to substandard working condition

● .Working hours in many industries are very long and people have to work for very long time to earn their living

● .wages in many industries are very low and industrial work for their life and do not earn enough to fullfill their needs.

● .In many industries,children are also working because of which they can not attend schools and thereforelitracy rate is low in pakistan.

Comparison with Uk● In uk most of the labour is employed in tertiary or

service secor while in pakistan it is employed in primary sector (uk:79.7%in tertiary and pakistan:43%in primary)

● Child labour in uk is very low compared to pakistan

● Uk’export are higher than of pakistan and the main exports are manufactured items food baverages while pakistan’s main exports is textile and cotton.

● The per capita income in Uk is higher therefore industrial workers earn more in Uk.

● The industries in Uk are mostly capital intensive and in Pakistan are usually labour intensive

Comparison with USA

● The average income of workers in Usa’s industries are higher.

● Trade unions in Usa take care of wages,woking conditions,and the time the employes are working in factories and in pakistan trade unions are less effective.

● The main export of Usa are machinery and industrail equipmentsand in pakistan textile and sugar are the main exports

● In pakistan there are many unregistered firms which try to avoid taxes but in USA there are almost nil.

Labour force of USA in different sector

Solutions to the nagative impacts of Industries and to improve them in Pakistan

● The government of Pakistan should pass laws limiting the working hours and to improve the wroking conditions and wages of indutrial workers.

● More trees should be planted to reduce pollution and afforestation campaigns should be launched.

● Improved machinery should be imported or should be locally produced to increase the rate of production as the new and advanced machinery produces less pollutants in the environment.

● Taxes should be imposed on those industries who are polluting the environment and dumping the waste of industries in rivers.

● the labour in pakistan is unskilled the government should work on educational sector so skilled and educated labour is available for industries.

● Child labour should be banned and snding children to schools should be made compulsory.

● Institutions to train employees should be introduced.

The End