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INDUSTRY 4.0 AND ITS EFFECTS ON URBAN LOGISTICS Martin Stockmann | Witten, 06.09.2017
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Digitalization is an Important Driver for Retail Logistics …with Exponential Growth Rates
Technologies
►Digital devices such as smartphones, tablets, for identification and communication
Information / Big Data
►Information, availability, and transparency
Mobile
►Enables the fusion of the physical and virtual world
Social
►Networking in new dimensions and high impact
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The Impact in Logistics is EnormousThe World is Moving: Physically and Virtually
Pictures: Fraunhofer IML
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Retail Logistics 4.0
Pioneer USA: Digital interactions affect 65% of all sales
On- and Offline merge together and must be handled uniformly!
At the same time, new technologies only slowly find application in logistics
Pictures: Fraunhofer IML
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Urbanization in Europe and Germany
Today, almost 80% of the European population live in cities
Europe does not have mega cities in the extent of Tokyo or Mexico City but…
…there exist urban areas around the large cities, which form
»metropolitan regions«
Europe: 120 metropolitan regions each with more than 500,000 inhabitants
Germany: 11 metropolitan regions with a total population of 44 million – more than half of the total population
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What are the Consequences of this Development for Urban Areas?
Increasing individualization of production and trade logistics
Omnichannel, changes in structures, renaissance of the inner city
Smaller-scaled deliveries
Growing customer requirements also of an aging population
Crowd delivery services in the city
►How do these developments change the traffic in a city?
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Impact of eCommerce on Traffic in Urban Areas Example of Bochum
What impact does eCommerce have on traffic?
How does changed customer traffic affect the volume of traffic?
How does the delivery traffic of the stationary retailers change the traffic volume?
What are the burdens of the road infrastructure network in and around the »Innenstadtring« of Bochum?
Pictures: IHK, Fraunhofer IML
On behalf of
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Approach of the Study
Pictures: [email protected];bochum.ihk.de * Verkehrsmodell Stadtplanungs- und Bauordnungsamt der Stadt Bochum
eCommerce displaces the stationary retailers from the city
Scenario 1
Online and stationary retailers vitalize the city
Scenario 2
Estimation of factors for traffic development by 2019 and 2025
Calculation of possible vehicle passages in the two scenarios
Real traffic data: Car transits in 24h *
Passenger car data were updated in July 2015, the truck values in 2008
Study has adjusted truck values based on current development figures
Traffic Model Bochum
Company Questionnaires
»Retailers create delivery traffic which become more frequent and smaller-scaled«
Citizen Questionnaires
»The majority of Bochum citizens will also continue to shop in the future«
Study Research
»Current studies confirm thequestionnaires«
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Results of the Scenario Approach
Online and stationary retailers vitalize the city
Scenario 2
By 2019 car trips are reduced by about -13.684 per 24 hours
By 2025, the traffic volume will be reduced by -27,800 cars per 24 hours
► Even if private car traffic is declining, supply traffic will rise
►Qualitative requirements for transport infrastructure will not be significantly reduced
In scenario 2, an increase of 8,531 cars per 24 hours will occur by 2019
By 2025, the traffic volume will increase by + 23.941 cars per 24 hours
► In addition to the growth in private traffic, the supply traffic also increases, so does the need for urban transport infrastructure
eCommerce displaces the stationary retailers from the city
Scenario 1
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Hybrid goods transfersystems
Cooperation in the last mile
Stationary and virtualassortments
Hybrid retail and customer delivery
Urban Logistics Solutions of the Future
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Motivation Behind the Project
Increasing traffic load
Increase in delivery frequencies
Change of the vehicle mix due to lower quantities delivered
Congestion
Increase in diesel price
Use of alternative vehicles (electric trucks)
Pictures: Fraunhofer IML
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Results of Cost Simulation for Future Scenarios 2020 and 2030
►Given future conditions, the existing supply system will become increasingly expensive
►Delivery via »Urban Hub« will also be economically competitive in the long term
Delivery from DC
Delivery from Urban Hub
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Aim of the Project
Developing a service based logistics concept to reduce noise pollution, traffic, and congestion
Shifting transports into nighttime
Using electronical commercial vehicles and low-noise loading aids in order to observe strict noise limits
8am
4am►Investigating acceptance by direct
integration of residents, employees, and communities
►Technical feasibility has been proven
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Urban Logistics Offers a Range of Solutions to theFuture of Cities
Digital commerce will significantly change the cities and thus traffic
The stationary retailer has a great influence on its own role and position in eCommerce
Logistics concepts and approaches help shape the cities of the future
All actors (industry, trade, LSPs, municipalities, citizens, etc.) must cooperate
►In the end every city has to design urban logistics for its individual needs!
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Thank you very much for your kind attention!
Martin Stockmann [email protected]