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Information Literacy: Leveraging information to meet
management objectives
Betty Braaksma Ganga Dakshinamurti
Paul DugalPaul Larson
CAUBO National ConferenceWinnipeg, Manitoba
June 17 , 2008
How true is this scenario?
“with the advent of the World Wide Web, every professional worker has become a searcher, but …without information training and skills, most people don't know where to look, how to ask for what they are seeking or when it is OK to stop looking..”
http://www.kmworld.com/Articles/Editorial/Feature/The-high-cost-of-not-finding-information-9534.aspx
http://www.my-computer-guy.com/Frustration.jpg
What is the cost?In 1999, a European study by IDC examined…the "knowledge work
deficit," and concluded that the cost of intellectual rework, substandard performance and inability to find knowledge resources was $5,000 per worker per year.
In 2007, the Lexis-Nexis Workplace Productivity Survey found that “white collar professionals spend an average of 2.3 hours daily conducting online research, with one in ten spending four hours or more on an average day.”
http://cceonline.net/images/Computer_Frustration.jpg
"The results of the [Nexis-Lexis] survey clearly suggest opportunities for American businesses to ease this growing [information overload] burden by providing workers with the right technology, training and tools. Companies that take action on this issue will realize higher employee productivity and satisfaction."
What we’ll cover today
• What is information literacy & how can it benefit you?
• How to search for information• How to evaluate information• Where to search for information
What is information literacy?
…it is the ability to:a. Recognise information needsb. Locate and evaluate the
quality of informationc. Store and Retrieve informationd. Make effective and ethical use of information, ande. Apply information to create and communicate knowledge
unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0015/001587/158723e.pdf
Locating information
Is there a difference between searching and finding???
http://www.advertolog.com/files/paedia/reel/part_50/505881/preview_320_260_1.jpg
Know how to search
• Think about what kind of information you’re looking for
• Think about how to express that need in keywords or a series of keywords
http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/abr0212l.jpg
How can you learn to do this?
Summary: Effective searching
Your Information need
Professional expertise
Librarian assistance
Web evaluationtechniques
Good search strategy
Evaluating the quality of information
Making choices
• Start with a solid idea of the kind of information you need
• Evaluate using Web ABCs or Web Evaluation Rubric
• Does the website/book/article meet your information need?
Web evaluation ABCs
• Authority: Who created the website? Do you know them? Can you find out more?
• Bias: Why did they create the site? What is their perspective on the topic/subject?
• Content & Context: Professional, amateur, academic? Does it fit your information need?
Know where to look
Use a variety of reliable information resources
Articles Google ScholarLibrary databases
Books
Websites
Your Information need
Knowledge + resources = an information-literate star!
Your information need
Books
Librarian Assistance
Web evaluationTechniques
WebsiteArticles
Professionalexpertise
When do we need more resources?
When information we have is:• not complete• not comprehensive• not up to date• not authoritative• not correct
Access to Resources: Libraries
RESOURCES• Books• Journal articles• Demographic/census
data• Company data
ACCESS• Library catalogue
(BISON)• Bibliographic
databases• Statistical databases• Company databases
Searching BISON
What BISON can do:• BISON/catalogue is library’s inventory• Lists everything that the library owns, in either
print or electronic format, e.g. books & periodicals (including theses, government reports, newspapers)
• Helps you to locate the item using title, author, subject, keyword
What BISON CAN’T do:• Can’t find the content of items , i.e. periodical
articles, book chapters, statistical tables
Searching BISON: A Quick Overview!
-- Selected topic: Sustainability
Searching Databases
Types of Databases1. Bibliographic - provides access to journal
articles; text-based2. Statistical/Demographic – provides
statistical data/demographic tables; numbers-based
3. Company – provides historical and financial information about individual companies; both text & numeric
4. Combined & Comprehensive – just what it sounds like!
Bibliographic Databases - Examples
• ProQuest (ABI Inform; Canadian Newsstand)
• Ebscohost (Academic Search Elite)• Blackwell Synergy• Emerald Full Text
Statistical/Demographic Databases -Examples
• Canadian Census Analyzer• Census Canada• E-Stat
Company Databases - Examples
• Financial Post Infomart• Mergent Online
Combined & Comprehensive Databases - Examples
• Strategis• Canadian Almanac and Directory
Searching Databases
• Most university library databases are subscription-based, i.e. pay for access rights
• Subscribed databases need user authentication because they are limited to the university community
• “Authentication” at UM =– Input Library ID number & PIN as Faculty/Staff/Student – Must do this on and off-campus– “What if I’m not Faculty, Staff or Student?” - At UM, External Borrowers can access databases *inside a
library* with a day pass.
Example: One Path to an Article in ProQuest
1. Do search2. Limit results by
subject3. Limit subject results
by scholarly articles4. Limit subject +
scholarly results by full text
5. Select & show record 6. Retrieve article Remember that there can be
many paths!
How to Apply this to Real Life??
Specific examples of “Real Life” outputs from databases and websites
GHG Emissions for Select Countries, 2005
Source: Reducing U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions: How Much at What Cost? McKinsey & Company/The Conference Board, December 2007.
Why the interest in cleaner supply chains?
• Desire to cut energy costs
• Concern about regulation
• Competition for green customers
• Desire to boost productivity
Grenon, Georgina, Joseph Martha and Martha Turner (2007),“How big is your carbon footprint?” CSCMP’s Supply ChainQuarterly, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 34-39.
Eight Steps to a Greener Supply Chain
1. Begin with a business model; look at the economics
2. Transportation as “low-hanging fruit”
3. LEED-certified buildings; energy-reducing initiatives
4. Packaging Reduction
April Terreri, “Eight Steps to a Greener Supply Chain,”World Trade, March 31, 2008.
Eight Steps to a Greener Supply Chain
5. Education and training
6. Carbon credits
7. Waste reduction
8. Recycling
April Terreri, “Eight Steps to a Greener Supply Chain,”World Trade, March 31, 2008.
http://climate.uvic.ca/people/ewiebe/car/fuel_price.html
Peak Oil
“Civilization as we know it is coming to an end soon.This is not the wacky proclamation of a doomsdaycult, apocalypse bible prophecy sect, or conspiracytheory society. Rather, it is the scientific conclusionof the best paid, most widely-respected geologists,physicists, bankers, and investors in the world. Theseare rational, professional, conservative individualswho are absolutely terrified by a phenomenon knownas global Peak Oil.”
http://lifeaftertheoilcrash.net/
The Olduvai Theory ofIndustrial Civilization
Source: Duncan, Richard C. (1996), “The Olduvai Theory: Sliding Towards a Post-Industrial Stone Age,” Institute on Energy and Man, June 27.
http://lifeaftertheoilcrash.net/
The Greenhouse Gases
• Water vapour
• Carbon dioxide (CO2)
• Methane (CH4)
• Nitrous oxide (N2O)
• Ozone (O3)
• Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6)
CO2SF6 CH4 N2O HFCs PFCs
Purchasedelectricity
for own use
Fuel combustion
Scope 2Indirect
Scope 1Direct Scope 3
Indirect
Companyowned
vehicles
Productionof purchased
materials
Outsourcedactivities
Productuse
Wastedisposal
Employeebusiness
travel
Contractorowned
vehicles
http://www.ghgprotocol.org/
Direct and Indirect GHG Emissions
Questions?
Thank you!