COMMUNICATIVE OBJECTIVES

Speaking

Talking about completed activities in the past

Talking about past situations

Talking about things happening at a time in the past

Talking about interrupted activities

Giving directions

Listening

Listening to a conversation about the World Cup

Listening to sporting anecdotes

Reading

Reading an article about the Olympic Games

Reading about the history of golf

Writing

Writing a biography

58

3UNIT

SPORT

59

READING 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

COMPREHENSION CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

GRAMMAR 1: Past simple tense to be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

GRAMMAR PRACTICE 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

VOCABULARY BUILDING 1: Sports and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

LISTENING 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

GRAMMAR 2: Past simple (regular verbs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

GRAMMAR PRACTICE 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

STOP AND SEND 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

READING 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

VOCABULARY BUILDING 2: play, do and go . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

GRAMMAR 3: Past simple (irregular verbs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

GRAMMAR PRACTICE 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

LISTENING 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

GRAMMAR 4: Past continuous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

GRAMMAR PRACTICE 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

STOP AND SEND 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

SPEAKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

WRITING: A biography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

STOP AND SEND 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

MY LEARNER DIARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Thinking what you know about

a topic before reading

Working out the part of speech

of unknown words

Past simple tense to be

Past simple of regular verbs

Past simple of irregular verbs

Past continuous

Sports and equipment

play, do and go

Concentrating on specific

information like names,

numbers and dates

Looking at pictures actively

before listening

Keeping directions simple Structuring a biography

READING GRAMMAR VOCABULARY

LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING

INDEX

CONTENTS

60

1. Mark the statements about the Olympic Games true or false. Then read the article to check.

1. The first Olympic Games took place in Italy. TRUE FALSE

2. The Games were originally a religious festival. TRUE FALSE

3. The Emperor Theodosius stopped the Games

because they were not popular any more. TRUE FALSE

4. The modern Games were started by a Frenchman. TRUE FALSE

5. There are more than 50 sports in the modern Games. TRUE FALSE

Reading strategy: Before reading a factual text, think what you know about

the topic. Your knowledge of the world will help you understand the text better.

3UNIT

THE OLYMPIC GAMES

The Olympic Games started in Greece in the eighth century BC. Every four years athletes

travelled many miles to take part in them. At first the Games only had one event, a footrace

called the stade. The stade was actually a unit of measurement (approximately 200 metres)

and refers to the distance the runners ran. It is where our modern word ‘stadium’ comes from.

The first Games only lasted for one day, but slowly the organisers added more events,

including chariot racing, jumping, javelin and discus throwing and martial arts. Eventually the

Games went on for five days. Winning athletes were heroes in their cities and lived very

comfortably.

The Games were originally a religious festival in honour of Zeus. However, in 394 AD, the

Roman emperor Theodosius I, who wanted to promote Christianity, decided to stop the festival.

There were no more Games for more than a thousand years. Then in 1896, a Frenchman,

Baron Pierre de Coubertin, convinced thirteen nations to take part in the first modern Games

in Athens. He also designed the modern Olympic flag, which represents the main five continents:

Africa, Asia, America, Europe and Australia.

The Olympic Games still take place every four years and the event is very important for

sportsmen and women all over the world. At present there are 26 sports and nearly 300 events

in the Games. To be included, a sport must be practised by men in at least 75 countries on

four continents, and by women in at least 40 countries on three continents.

Sometimes there are problems. In 1916, 1940 and 1944 the Olympic Games did not take

place because of war. In 1980, the US team did not go to the Moscow Games and in 1984

the team from the USSR did not go to the Games in Los Angeles. Luckily, when people remember

the Olympic Games of the past, they usually remember the good parts: the gold medals, the

new world records and, of course, the mascots. Perhaps the most popular mascot of modern

times was Cobi, the friendly dog who introduced the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona.

READING 1

61

1. Write answers to the questions.

1. When did the Olympic Games begin?

____________________________________________

2. What was the first event in the Games?

____________________________________________

3. Which Greek God were the Games originally in honour of?

____________________________________________

4. What happened in AD 394?

____________________________________________

5. How many countries took part in the first modern Games?

____________________________________________

6. What do the rings on the Olympic flag represent?

____________________________________________

7. How often do the Olympic Games take place?

____________________________________________

8. What are the requirements for a sport to be included in the Olympic Games?

____________________________________________

9. Which country did not send a team to the Moscow Games?

____________________________________________

10. What kind of animal was Cobi?

____________________________________________

2. Find words in the article that mean the same as these.

1. 100 years (paragraph 1) ________________

2. participate (paragraph 1) ________________

3. had a duration of (paragraph 2) ________________

4. persuaded (paragraph 3) ________________

5. at the moment (paragraph 4) ________________

6. almost (paragraph 4) ________________

7. fortunately (paragraph 5) ________________

8. normally (paragraph 5) ________________

9. obviously (paragraph 5) ________________

COMPREHENSION CHECK

62

3UNIT

1. Read the sentences and complete the table.

I wasn’t born in 1992.

You weren’t in the photo.

Cobi was the mascot of the Barcelona Olympics.

Pau Gasol wasn’t in the Spanish team.

Barcelona was the perfect city for the games.

We were very proud of the organization.

The last summer games weren’t in Sydney.

They were in Beijing.

Past simple tense to be Affirmative Negative Contraction

I was I was not I wasn’tYou were (1) _________ (2) _________He was (3) _________ (4) _________She was (5) _________ (6) _________It was (7) _________ (8) _________We were (9) _________ (10) _________They were (11) _________ (12) _________

Interrogative Short answers

Was I / he / she / it? Yes, I / he / she / it was.No, I / he / she / it wasn’t.

Were we / you / they? Yes, we / you / they were.No, we / you / they weren’t.

2. Listen and check, then listen again and repeat.

NOTE:There was / there were are the past simple forms of there is / there are.

There was an important match yesterday. There were lots of people in the stadium.Was there any trouble? Were there many police officers?There weren’t many police officers in the stadium. There wasn’t any trouble.

GRAMMAR 1: Past simple tense to be

63

1. Complete the sentences with a past simple form of to be.

1._____ you at the party yesterday? Yes, I _____ .

2. _____ John there, too? No, he _____ . He _____ at the cinema with his girlfriend.

3. _____ the exam difficult? No, it _____ . I think it _____ easy.

4. Jenny _____ in Italy last summer. Two of her friends _____ there, too.

5. They _____ born in Manchester but their parents were born in Madrid.

6. We _____ surprised when we heard the news.

7. _____ there a lot of people at the party? No, there _____.

2. Change these sentences to the past.

1. It is sunny today. It was sunny yesterday.

2. I’m very busy this week. ______________________ last week.

3. There is a good film on tonight. ______________________ last night.

4. Mr Jones is ill today. ______________________ yesterday.

5. There aren’t any flowers in the garden. ______________________ last summer.

6. They are in London this afternoon. _________________ yesterday afternoon.

7. Is there a game this weekend? ______________________ last weekend?

3. Complete the sentences with a form of to be in the present or in the past.

1. The Olympic Games _____ the world’s biggest sporting event today.

2. The first Games _____ in Olympia, Greece and the first Olympic champion _____ a sprinter

called Koroibos in the year 776 BC.

3. The ancient Games celebrated Zeus so all the participants _____ men. There _____ any women.

4. Not every sport _____ Olympic. Golf and squash _____ examples of popular sports that _____

in the Olympic program.

5. There ______ five intertwined rings in the Olympic flag.

6. Blue, yellow, black, green and red _____ the five colours that represent the five continents. There

_____ at least one of them in each national flag.

GRAMMAR PRACTICE 1

64

3UNIT

1. Label each column with the correct heading.

Person Sport Place Equipment

2. Connect the words in the columns.

horseracing - jockey - saddle - course

NOTE:Some of the places and pieces of equipment correspond to more than one sport.

1. 2. 3. 4.

horse-racing

ice-skating

motor-racing

horse-riding

rugby

skiing

cycling

diving

baseball

football

squash

running

badminton

tennis

volleyball

weightlifting

basketball

boxing

golf

gymnastics

surfing

swimming

windsurfing

badminton player

baseball player

basketball player

boxer

cyclist

diver

footballer / football player

golfer

gymnast

jockey

ice-skater

racing driver

rider

rugby player

runner

skier

squash player

surfer

swimmer

tennis player

volleyball player

weightlifter

golf club

ice skates

skis

shuttle cock

racing car

running shoes

racket

weights

saddle

football

swimsuit

golf ball

bat

ball

sailboard

surfboard

bicycle

flippers

gloves

mat

gym

pitch

ring

the sea

circuit

court

slopes

course

rink

stadium

stables

track

diamond

swimming pool

VOCABULARY BUILDING 1: Sports and equipment

65

LISTENING 1

1. Read the sentences and think of the kind of information that is missing: a name, a number

or a date. Then listen and complete the information.

1. People played a very early type of football almost ______ years ago.

2. A Chinese text from ______ B.C. mentions football games between ______ and ______.

3. The ______ played a kind of football with ______ players in each team.

4. Several ______ kings prohibited football because it was too violent.

5. The rules of the modern games were created in England in the ______ century.

2. Read the text. There are five pieces of incorrect information. Underline the information you

think is wrong.

3. Listen to two football fans discussing the World Cup and write the correct information.

4. Listen and read the text aloud with the correct information.

Listening strategy: When listening for specific information like names, numbers and

dates, concentrate on the particular information you need.

WORLD CUP FACTS

The World Cup started in 1930 and is played every four years in a different country.

The Brazilian Pele created history by scoring the first goal in the very first World Cup

match held in Uruguay in 1930. At each World Cup, billions of people watch the games

on TV as the national teams from countries around the globe battle it out for soccer

supremacy. Although each edition of the World Cup normally takes place in one country,

the 2002 World Cup was held in two places: Seoul, South Korea and Bangkok, Thailand.

Due to World War I, the event was not held between 1942 and 1948. Brazil, which

has won seven times, is the country with the most World Cup titles. And the top scorer

at the World Cup finals is the Brazilian striker Ronaldo, who scored 15 goals.

Women played in the Women’s World Cup for the first time in the United States in

1999 and again in 2003. China defeated the US in 1999 when Brandi Chastain scored

in a penalty shootout. The German team triumphed at the 2003 Women’s World Cup.

66

3UNIT

1. Study the rules and match them to the

sentences.

We use the past simple:

1. to talk about completed activities in

the past.

2. to talk about past situations.

a) I lived in New York last year. _____

b) Iniesta scored a historic goal in the 2010

World Cup. _____

2. Match the descriptions to the tables.

1. Affirmative past tense verbs that are formed without -ed are IRREGULAR.

2. Affirmative past tense verbs that are formed by adding -ed are REGULAR.

to playAffirmative I/you/he/she/it/we/they played

Negative I/you/he/she/it/we/they didn’t play

Interrogative: Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they play?

to goAffirmative I/you/he/she/it/we/they went

Negative I/you/he/she/it/we/they didn’t go

Interrogative: Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they go?

3. Read the rules for the pronunciation of -ed. Then listen and repeat.

Group 1: In regular verbs ending in an unvoiced sound we pronounce -ed as /t/.

liked laughed jumped missed washed watched

Group 2: In regular verbs ending in a voiced sound we pronounce -ed as /d/.

loved robbed changed travelled climbed planned banged buzzed played

Group 3: In regular verbs ending in the letter t or d we pronounce -ed as /id/.

added shaded wanted parted

NOTE:Spelling of the regular past simple1. Verbs ending in e add d (love – loved). 2. Verbs ending in one vowel and one consonant

double the consonant and add ed (rob – robbed). 3. Verbs ending in a consonant + ychange to i and add ed (cry – cried). 4. Other verbs add ed (want – wanted).

GRAMMAR 2: Past simple (regular verbs)

67

GRAMMAR PRACTICE 2

1. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs.

enjoy help laugh play rob score stop study travel wash watch

1. I __________ very hard and passed the final exam.

2. We didn’t __________ the party because we didn’t like the music.

3. Two masked men ________the bank yesterday morning.

4. It was a very funny film. We _______ a lot.

5. The car ______ at the traffic lights.

6. Ronaldo _______ very well and he ______ three goals.

7. The children ______ their hands before having lunch.

8. The teacher ______ me to finish the exercise.

9. I didn’t ______ the game on TV because I was very tired.

10. We _____ by car.

2. Write questions from the prompts.

1. I watched TV last night.

What about you? Did you watch TV last night?2. We played tennis in the evening.

What about you? _______________________________?

3. Jim studied in the library.

What about you? _______________________________?

4. I helped my mother with the shopping.

What about you? _______________________________?

5. I went to the cinema last Saturday.

What about you? _______________________________?

3. Make the following sentences negative.

1. I scored two goals in yesterday’s match.

__________________________________

2. Jane passed her exam.

__________________________________

3. The children watched TV in the evening.

__________________________________

4. My father stayed at home all day yesterday.

_________________________________

68

3UNIT

1. Match the information to the people, then write sentences.

American born in Romania The Williams sisters the first swimmer to win 8 medals

a gymnast Michael Phelps Nadia Comaneci scored a perfect 10 tennis players

winners of gold medals in Sydney and Beijing

Nadia Comaneci was born in Romania.

2. Write the words in the correct order and answer the questions.

1. you where were born? _____________________

2. your parents where were born? _____________________

3. how your were you old on birthday last? _____________________

4. were you home at yesterday at 5 o´clock? _____________________

5. was a painter famous Dickens? _____________________

6. were The Beatles from where? _____________________

7. girlfriend first how was your old? _____________________

8. who the first president was of the USA? _____________________

3. Write sentences with the words given.

1. Leonardo Da Vinci / paint / the Mona Lisa. He / not paint / Las Meninas.

_______________________________________________________

2. Villa / score / a lot of goals / in the 2010 World Cup.

_______________________________________________________

3. I / study / Latin at school but I / not study / Greek.

_______________________________________________________

4. you / play basketball / when / you / be / at school?

_______________________________________________________

5. We / not go / to work / yesterday / because / it / be / Sunday.

_______________________________________________________

6. you / watch cartoons / on TV / when / you / be / eight?

_______________________________________________________

7. I / not wash / the dishes/ because / there / not be / any water.

______________________________________________________

STOP AND SEND 1

69

1. Read the text quickly and choose the best title.

a) Great moments in golf

b) Golf in the Ancient World

c) The history of golf

2. Match the following words as used in the text to the parts of speech.

noun verb adjective preposition verb adverb

1. bent 4. joined

2. resembled 5. eventually

3. archery 6. from

3. Find the past tense form of these verbs in the text.

1. be _______ 2. begin ________ 3. become ________

4. win _______ 5. give up ________ 6. come ________

Nobody knows for sure the origin of golf. Some historians believe early forms of golf originated

with the Roman game of paganic. Players used a bent stick to hit a leather ball. Other historians

suggest a game called chuiwan was the earliest golf. This was a Chinese game played between

the eighth and 14th centuries (chui means “to hit” and wan means “small ball”). There was also

another early game that resembled modern golf known as cambuca in England and chambot in

France. Other observers believe that golf came from the Persian game, chaugán; however,

most academics agree that the modern game began in Scotland. James II banned the game in

1457, as a distraction to learning archery. Nowadays millions of people play golf.

Arnold Palmer helped popularise the sport and became one of the most popular golfers of all

time. He was the son of a greenkeeper, and his father started him early in the game. As a teenager,

Palmer won five Amateur Championships but he gave up the game for several years when he

joined the Coast Guard. However, he returned to golf in the early 1950s, and eventually won the

1954 U.S. Amateur. He turned professional five months later. Palmer won seven majors, all of

them from 1958 to 1964, and was the first 4-time winner of the Masters. His last big year on the

PGA Tour was 1971, when he won four times. The last of his 62 wins came in 1973. Arnold

Palmer joined the World Golf Hall of Fame in 1974.

Reading strategy: When you find a word that you do not know in a text, it is useful to work out

what part of speech it is: noun, verb, adjective, adverb etc.

READING 2

70

3UNIT

1. Read the examples and complete the rule for using play, do and go with sports and sporting

activities.

1. We use ______ with activities and sports ending in –ing.

2. We use ______ with sports that require a ball.

3. We use _____ with other sporting activities.

2. Write the sports beside the appropriate word field.

ice-skating riding rugby skiing cycling diving football squash athletics

badminton tennis volleyball running basketball climbing golf gymnastics

surfing swimming karate

I play tennis. I go swimming. I do archery.

PLAY DO

GO

VOCABULARY BUILDING 2: play, do and go

LEARNING TIP Write example sentences to make words more memorable.

71

1. Read the sentences and write the irregular past tense verbs next to the infinitives.

They began the stadium last summer. Mary ran 100 metres in 12 seconds.

I drank a bottle of water after the game. The dog ate my hamburger.

I did my homework on the bus. I knew she was wrong.

We found the street after an hour. We went to the cinema yesterday.

I had a shower after the game. My mother made a cake for my birthday.

My father met my mother at a party. I bought my racket online.

I saw Gasol in the airport. We swam in the Caribbean.

John spent 150 euros on some trainers. I thought cricket was like baseball.

We flew to Paris last summer. Mary fell asleep during the film.

The fielder caught the ball beautifully. He read Federer’s biography last month.

She took me to see a tennis game. I heard the game on the radio.

Infinitive Past simple Infinitive Past simple

begin ______ hear ______

buy ______ know ______

catch ______ make ______

do ______ meet ______

drink ______ think ______

eat ______ read ______

fall ______ run ______

find ______ see ______

fly ______ spend ______

go ______ swim ______

have ______ take ______

GRAMMAR 3: Past simple (irregular verbs)

72

3UNIT

GRAMMAR PRACTICE 3

1. Write the text in the past.

I usually get up at 7 o’clock. I have a bowl of cereal for breakfast. Then, I take a shower and get

dressed. I leave home at about 8 and I catch the train into the city. I get to work in thirty minutes.

After that, I have a meeting with my boss, I write several e-mails and I talk to different people. I

don’t stop for lunch until 12:30. I eat a sandwich and go back to work at 1.30. After work I do some

exercise at the gym and then I meet friends for a pint at the pub. When I get home, I make dinner

and watch football on TV. I’m in bed by 11. I read my book and fall asleep in ten minutes.

Yesterday I got up at 7 o’clock. _________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

2. Complete the interview with the correct form of the verbs.

Bill: When (a) ______ you ______ (start) playing golf?

Sarah: I started when I was ten. My father was a caddy and he (b) ______ (teach) me to play.

B: (c) ______ you ______ (like) it from the beginning?

S: Yes, I liked it because it was my first sport.

B: (d) _______ your friends at school _______ (play) too?

S: No, they (e) ______. I was the only kid in my school who played golf.

B: When (f) ______ you ______ (take) part in your first tournament?

S: In 2008. I wasn’t very good. I (g) ______ (come) 27th out of thirty players!

B: (h) ______ you ______ (want) to give up?

S: No, of course not. I (i) ______ (take) more lessons and prepared for the next tournament.

B: How (j) ______ you ______ (feel) when you (k) ______ (win)?

S: I was really excited. Both my parents and my sister (l) ______ (be) there and it was a very

happy day for me.

73

1. Listen to three people telling sporting anecdotes. Number the pictures in the order you hear

them mentioned.

a) b) c)

2. Listen again and match the beginning and endings of the sentences.

1. Last night I was running in the park a) a rabbit ran onto the pitch.

2. While I was running past the dogs, b) I saw a monkey.

3. As the game was starting, c) one of them started to chase me.

4. The dog ran after the rabbit d) and chased it off the pitch.

5. While we were warming up, e) and ran up a tree.

6. The monkey immediately took the ball f) when I saw an old woman with two dogs.

3. Listen again and mark the sentences true or false.

1. The man climbed a tree because he was afraid of the dogs. TRUE FALSE

2. He laughed because the big dog chased him. TRUE FALSE

3. The players couldn’t catch the rabbit because it was raining. TRUE FALSE

4. A hunter shot the rabbit. TRUE FALSE

5. The monkey liked bananas. TRUE FALSE

6. The woman made money from the monkey. TRUE FALSE

Listening strategy: When you have to match pictures to people talking, look carefully

at the pictures before you listen. Try to think of the English words for the things you

can see in the pictures.

LISTENING 2

74

3UNIT

1. Match the rules to the sentences.

We use the past continuous:

1. to talk about things happening at a time in the

past.

2. to talk about interrupted activities.

3. to set the scene in a story.

a) The sun was shining and the birds were singing.

_____

b) I was walking home at 7.

_____

c) I was running in the park when a dog attacked me.

_____

2. Complete the table with these words.

was were Was I were not playing was not

to playAffirmative Negative Interrogative

I/he/she/it (1) ___ playing (2) ___ ___ playing (3) ___ ___ playing?

we/you/they (4) ___ playing (5) ___ ___ playing (6) Were you ____?

3. Listen to check, then repeat.

NOTE:

while / as / when

We use while and as to talk about continuous actions that are interrupted by another action.

We use the past continuous for the continuous action and the past simple for the action

that interrupts.

While I was listening to music, the phone rang.

My mother called me as I was leaving the house.

We use when to talk about an action that interrupts a continuous action.

I was walking along the street when I saw an accident.

We also use while and as to talk about continuous actions that happen at the same time.

While / As I was washing the dishes, my mother was reading the newspaper.

GRAMMAR 4: Past continuous

75

1. Complete the sentences with the past continuous form of the verbs.

1. While I ______ (have) a shower, the phone rang.

2. Rick cut his finger while he ______ (cut) some bread.

3. We ______ (play) tennis when it started to rain.

4. While I ______ (run) to the bus stop, I tripped and fell.

5. I fell asleep while I ______ (watch) television.

6. My dad got badly sunburned while he ______ (play) golf.

7. I found a 100 euro note as I ______ (walk) down the street.

2. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the past continuous or past simple.

It was a really nice day, and we (a) were sunbathing (sunbathe). Suddenly it (b) _______ (start)

to rain heavily. We (c) ________ (collect) our things when a giant wave soaked our towels. It

also (d) ______ (take) our shoes and we had to walk back home barefoot.

While the plane (e) _______ (land), one of the engines (f) ______ (catch) fire. I (g) _____ (sit)

in a window seat and I (h) _____ (see) the flames rise. I was going to scream in panic when I (i)

____ (feel) a thud under my feet. I suddenly (j) _____ (wake up). The plane (k) ______ (move)

swiftly along the runway. I had had a bad dream!

3. Match the two parts of the sentence and write them in full.

1. While John / talk / on his cell phone,

2. As I / watch / the football match,

3. What / you / do / when

4. While / I / wait/ for / the bus,

a) I / call / you / yesterday?

b) the battery / go / dead.

c) I / see / two men running out of the bank.

d) the lights / go out / and / I / miss / the goal.

1b While John was talking on his cell phone, the battery went dead.

GRAMMAR PRACTICE 4

76

3UNIT

1. Complete the gaps with the correct form of go, play or do.

Are you a very sporty person?1. How often do you _____ exercise or _____ a sport?

2. Do you ____ running every morning?

3. How many racket sports can you ______?

4. Did you _____ basketball at school?

5. When was the last time you ______ swimming?

6. Do you have a bike? Did you _____ cycling last month?

7. Do you prefer to watch football on TV or to _____ it?

8. Would you ever ____ weightlifting in a gym?

2. Choose one of your favourite photographs. Write about 100 words to describe it. Use

the questions below to help you.

Who is in the photo?

Where were you?

Why were you there?

Who were you with?

Was it a sunny day? Was it raining? What was the weather like?

Who took the photograph? What were you doing before the photograph was taken?

What did you do after the photo was taken? Why do you like the photo?

This is a photo of me and some of my friends. We were in …

3. Write about your favourite sporting event. Answer these questions.

What sport was it?

What competition was it?

Who won?

What was the score?

What happened during the event?

Were you there or did you watch it on TV?

How did you feel?

How did you celebrate it?

STOP AND SEND 2

77

1. Translate the directions into your language.

2. Listen and practise the dialogue.

Tourist: Excuse me. How do I get to the gym?

Local: Go straight on. Then go over the bridge and take the second turning on the right. Then

turn left at the traffic lights. It’s on the corner.

Tourist: Thank you!

3. Write a dialogue giving directions. Use these prompts.

The supermarket? under bridge / third turning left / left at traffic lights / straight on / end of road

Tourist: ____________________________________________________________

Local: _____________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Tourist: ____________________________________________________________

4. Listen to check, then repeat.

NOTE:

You will find ordinal numbers (first, second, third etc) at the back of the book.

Speaking strategy: When you give directions, keep them as simple as possible.

It’s on the corner.

1. _______________

Go over the bridge.

5. _______________

At the end of the street.

3. _________________

Go straight on.

4. _________________

Takethe second turning on the right.

7. ____________________

Turn left at the traffic lights.

2.____________________

Turn right at the gym.

6._________________

SPEAKING

78

3UNIT

1. Read the biography and answer the questions.

1. Who is Clare Francis?

2. Where did she learn to sail?

3. What did she study?

4. Why did she take time out from her job?

Writing strategy: Follow this simple model for writing a biography - 1 General background

2 Early life and education 3 Career 4 Family life 5 Later life

Clare Mary Francis is a famous British writer and former

yachtswoman. She was born in Surrey on April 17, 1946. As a

child her parents took her to the Isle of Wight on holiday where

she learned to sail. She loved sailing. When she left school

she studied Economics at University College London. After

she graduated, she got a job in marketing but she missed

sailing and bought her own boat.

In 1973, she took time out from her job in marketing and

made a single-handed voyage across the Atlantic, in 37 days.

In the following years she competed in numerous races. She

was the first woman skipper in the Whitbread Round the World

Race, finishing in 5th place. In 1977, she married a

Frenchman and had one son.

As well as being a popular and successful sportswoman, Clare

also became a writer. She wrote three accounts of her sailing

expeditions and then she turned to fiction. She is the author

of eight international bestsellers.

WRITING: A biography

79

2. Write the number of the paragraph in which each of these things appears.

1. her books Paragraph ____

2. her first job Paragraph ____

3. her education Paragraph ____

4. her first race Paragraph ____

5. her childhood Paragraph ____

6. her birth Paragraph ____

NOTE

When we write a biography, we normally use the simple past tense.

3. Write the infinitive and simple past forms of the verbs from Clare Francis’s biography in

the correct column.

4. Use this model to write a biography of Miguel Indurain.

General: one of the best cyclists of all time

Early life: born Navarra 1964 / local school until 18 / started cycling when he was 10

Career: professional cyclist 1982 / join Banesto / win Tour de France five times

Family: married 1982 / two children

Later years: retired 1997 / member of the Spanish Olympic Committee

Regular past tense Irregular past tense

learn - learned be - was

80

3UNIT

Write a biography about a sports person you admire.

GUIDE TO WRITING: WRITING A BIOGRAPHY

Follow these steps when you write a biography:

Write the final draft of the biography.

Step 5:

Reread the biography and check:

- Is the grammar correct?

- Is the spelling correct?

- Have you used correct linking words?

- Do you want to add any more information?

Step 4:

Write the first draft of the biography.

Step 3:

Note down the information you are going to include.

Then put the information in a logical order.

Step 2:

Look on the internet for information

about the person you are going to write about.

Step 1:

STOP AND SEND 3

81

1. Make a list of useful vocabulary you have learnt in this unit.

_________________ ___________________ _____________________

_________________ ___________________ _____________________

_________________ ___________________ _____________________

_________________ ___________________ _____________________

_________________ ___________________ _____________________

_________________ ___________________ _____________________

_________________ ___________________ _____________________

2. Translate these useful phrases into your language. Then add two more.

1. Who won? ________________________________________

2. They were working together. ________________________________________

3. How do I get to the gym? ________________________________________

4. Go straight on. ________________________________________

5. Turn right at the traffic lights. ________________________________________

6. It’s on the corner. ________________________________________

7. It’s at the end of the street. ________________________________________

8. _______________________________________________________________________

9. _______________________________________________________________________

3. Circle how well you can do the following:

Very well 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0 Not at all

I can talk about completed activities in the past. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0

I can talk about past situations. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0

I can talk about things happening at a time in the past. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0

I can talk about interrupted activities in the past. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0

I can give directions. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0

I can write a biography. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0

MY LEARNER DIARY

LEARNER TIP If you score yourself low, look again at that part of the unit. Try doing

the activities again. Remember: the more you practise the better you will get!