Date post: | 19-Jan-2018 |
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Ingress and EgressThe means of entering and leaving the site• Regulated by state and local governments
• Width• Slope• Drive radius• Pavement composition
• Encroachment permit
Parking Lot Design
Ingress and Egress
• Discourage through traffic• Rule of thumb
• Less than 5000 vehicles/day use single 2-way drive or two 1-way drives
• Align new drives with other access drives• Local regulations
• Distance from corners and other drives
Number of Parking Spaces
• Dictated by local codes• Dependent upon use of the building• Example requirements
©iStockphoto.com
Size of Parking Spaces• Parallel
• Most difficult to access• Avoid if possible
• Ninety-degree• Most spaces per area• Typical size: 9 ft x 18 ft or 19 ft• More difficult to access than angles• Not recommended for short term parking
• Angled • Size varies according to angle• 60 degree parking most common
Accessibility• Accessible parking required
Accessibility
• Size of accessible parking spaces
Accessibility
• Size of accessible parking spaces
ADA ABA Accessibility Guidelines
Aisle Width• Dictated by local codes• Two-way aisle is preferable• Typical two-way aisle is 24 feet wide
• May be less for one-way traffic
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Pedestrian Circulation• Separate pedestrians from traffic• Provide accessible route to entrance from
parking, public transportation, and adjacent buildings
Typical walkway widths• 3 ft wide for one-way • 5 ft wide for two-way
©iStockphoto.com US. Department of TransportationFederal Highway Administration
Pedestrian Circulation
• Align parking spaces or easy pedestrian movement
TM 5-803, Site Planning and Design courtesy Department of the Army.
Special Vehicle Access
• Plan for access for special vehicles that may access the site• Fire engines• City buses• School buses• Tractor trailers• Garbage trucks
• Research required road widths, turn radii, and parking
©iStockphoto.com
Off-Street Loading Area• Plan for access for loading and
unloading of products and materials• Best practices
• Locate loading area away from traffic• Locate loading area out of view
• Check local requirements
©iStockphoto.com
Waste Disposal
• Plan for dumpster and garbage truck access• Best practice – Screen dumpster from view
• Fence• Wall• Landscaping
• Check local regulations
©iStockphoto.com
Drainage• Traditional design slopes
pavement toward storm drains
• LID techniques• Reduce impervious surface
area• Permeable pavement• Permeable paver blocks• Drain to adjacent buffers,
strips, and swales• Drain to nearby
bioretention areasCourtesy the Environmental Protection Agency
Landscaping
• Improves aesthetics• Building base landscaping• Provides shade• Parking screen (buffer)• Parking islands
©iStockphoto.com
Lighting
©iStockphoto.com
• Improves safety• Often required by local regulations• Provides light to illuminate property but
does not illuminate adjacent property
Example