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Initial Environmental Examination
April 2018
PHI: Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management ProjectRehabilitation of Lundag-San Vicente and Lundag
Proper-Cogonon Access Road in Pilar, Bohol
Prepared by the Municipality of Pilar, Province of Bohol for the Asian Development Bank.
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CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 15 March 2018)
The date of the currency equivalents must be within 2 months from the date on the cover. Currency unit – peso (PhP)
PhP 1.00 = $ 0.019254
$1.00 = PhP 51.9367
ABBREVIATIONS
ADB Asian Development Bank BDC Barangay Development Council BUB Bottom-Up Budgeting CNC Certificate of Non-Coverage CSC Construction Supervision Consultant CSO Civil Society Organization DED Detail Engineering Design DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DILG Department of Interior and Local Government DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development ECA Environmentally Critical Area ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate ECP Environmentally Critical Project EHSM Environmental Health and Safety Manager EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIS Environmental Impact Statement EMB ESS
Environmental Management Bureau Environmental Safeguards Specialist
GAD Gender and Development IEE Initial Environmental Examination INREMP Integrated Natural Resources and Environment Management Project IP Indigenous People IROW Infrastructure Right of Way LGU Local Government Unit LPRAT Local Poverty Reduction Action Team MDC Municipal Development Council MPN Most Probable Number NAAQ National Ambient Air Quality Guidelines NCB National Competitive Bidding NECA Non-Environmental Critical Area NECP Non-Environmental Critical Project NIA National Irrigation Administration NPCO National Project Coordinating Office NRIMP National Road Improvement and Management Program NRM Natural Resources Management OMC Overhead, Contingencies and Miscellaneous and Contractor’s PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration PDR Project Description Report PMIC Project Management Implementation Consultant PPCO Provincial Project Management
Offices
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PMO Project Management Office PMU Project Management Unit POs Peoples’ Organizations PRECIS Providing Regional Climates for Impact Studies PSA Philippine Statistics Authority PWD Persons with Disability RC Reinforced Concrete RCPC Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culvert RPCO Regional Project Coordinating Offices REA Rapid Environmental Assessment ROW Right of Way SB Sangguniang Bayan SBD Standard Bidding Document SEMS Social and Environmental Management Systems SPMU Sub-Project Management Unit SPS SSS
Safeguard Policy Statement Social Safeguards Specialist
TA Technical Assistance TDS Total Dissolved Solids TOR Terms of Reference TSP Total Suspended Particulates WMA Watershed Management Area WMPCO Watershed Management and Project Coordination Offices
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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
˚C – degree centigrade ha – hectare km – kilometer m – meter
m asl – meter above sea level mm – millimeter
mg/L – milligram per liter mg/Nm3 – milligram per normal cubic meter
ppt – parts per thousand μg/Nm3 – microgram per normal cubic meter
µS/cm – microSiemens/cm % – percent
NOTE
In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................... 1 II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .......................................... 2 A. Environmental Clearance Requirements ........................................................................ 2
1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines .................................. 2 2. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements ......................................................... 4
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................... 5 A. Overview ........................................................................................................................ 5 B. Project Location ............................................................................................................. 5 C. Project Rationale ............................................................................................................ 6 D. Project Development Plan .............................................................................................. 7
1. Project Components ................................................................................................... 7 2. Description of the Project Phases ............................................................................... 8
E. Manpower Requirements ............................................................................................... 9 F. Project Cost ................................................................................................................... 9 G. Project Duration and Schedule ..................................................................................... 10 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT .................................................................... 11 A. Elevation and Slope ..................................................................................................... 11 B. Geology ....................................................................................................................... 14 C. Soils ............................................................................................................................. 14 D. Water Quality ............................................................................................................... 16 E. Land Classification ....................................................................................................... 17 F. Land Cover and Land Use ........................................................................................... 18 G. Climate ........................................................................................................................ 18
1. Baseline Climate ...................................................................................................... 18 2. Climate Scenario for Bohol in 2020 and 2050 ........................................................... 20
H. Hydrology..................................................................................................................... 22 I. Natural Hazards ........................................................................................................... 22 J. Biological Environment ................................................................................................. 22
1. Flora ......................................................................................................................... 22 2. Fauna ....................................................................................................................... 23
K. Socio-Economic Conditions ......................................................................................... 23 1. Population ................................................................................................................ 23 2. Water Supply ............................................................................................................ 23 3. Indigenous Peoples .................................................................................................. 24 4. Education ................................................................................................................. 24 5. Health and Sanitation ............................................................................................... 25 6. Housing .................................................................................................................... 25 7. Electricity .................................................................................................................. 25 8. Communication ........................................................................................................ 25 9. Income and Expenditure ........................................................................................... 25 10. Tourism ................................................................................................................. 26 11. Commerce and Industry ........................................................................................ 26 12. Road and Transportation ...................................................................................... 26
V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .......... 26 A. Pre-Construction .......................................................................................................... 28
1. Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation ................ 28 2. Identification and prioritization of road section where gravelling and concreting will be done ................................................................................................................................ 29 3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work .......................... 29 4. Recruitment of workers ............................................................................................. 29
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B. Construction ................................................................................................................. 29 1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system ................ 29 2. Clearing and removal of obstructions ....................................................................... 29 3. Soil erosion .............................................................................................................. 30 4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road ............................................ 30 5. Civil works (Concrete Pavement).............................................................................. 30 6. Implementation of noise and dust control measure ................................................... 30 7. Dust and noise from borrow pits ............................................................................... 30 8. Implementation of spoil management and control measure ...................................... 31 9. Solid and liquid construction waste management system ......................................... 31 10. Water Quality ........................................................................................................ 31 11. Construction drainage system ............................................................................... 31 12. Workers health, safety and hygiene ...................................................................... 31 13. Traffic safety and management ............................................................................. 32 14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna) ............................................................ 32 15. Damaged to properties ......................................................................................... 32 16. Concrete washout ................................................................................................. 32 17. Use of Hazardous Substances .............................................................................. 33 18. Public Safety ......................................................................................................... 33
C. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase................................................................... 33 1. Operation of upgraded access road .......................................................................... 33
VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION ................ 33 A. Stakeholder Consultations ........................................................................................... 33 B. Information Disclosure ................................................................................................. 36 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ....................................................................... 36 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................ 38 A. Implementation Arrangements ..................................................................................... 38 B. Environmental Mitigation .............................................................................................. 39 C. Environmental Monitoring ............................................................................................ 49 IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ................................................................. 51 A. Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 51 B. Recommendations ....................................................................................................... 52
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories ................................................................... 2
Table 2: EIS and IEE Requirements for Road and Bridge Projects........................................................ 4
Table 3. Breakdown of cost estimates for the road rehabilitation project for Lundag Proper – Cogonon Access Road ............................................................................................................................ 9
Table 4. Breakdown of cost estimates for the road rehabilitation project for Lundag Proper – San Vicente Access Road ............................................................................................................. 10
Table 5. Implementation Schedule ....................................................................................................... 10
Table 6. Monthly Mean Rainfall Based on the Tagbilaran Weather Station (2004 - 2010). ................. 19
Table 7. Water balance simulation ........................................................................................................ 22
Table 8. Potential environmental impacts of the proposed road rehabilitation project. ........................ 28
Table 9. Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Road Rehabilitation in San Vicente, Pilar ................. 34
Table 10. Public Consultation with INREMP RI Subproject Beneficiaries of Lundag, Pilar .................. 35
Table 11. Responsibilities for EMP Implementation ............................................................................. 38
Table 12: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan................................................................................... 40
Table 13. Environmental Monitoring Plan ............................................................................................. 50
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Location of the Proposed Rehabilitation of the Access Road ................................. 6
Figure 2: Location Map of the Wahig Pamacsalan Watershed ............................................ 12
Figure 3: Elevation Map of the Wahig Pamacsalan Watershed ........................................... 12
Figure 4: Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Road Rehabilitation in Sitio Cogonon ......... 13
Figure 5: Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Rehabilitation in San Vicente Access Road 13
Figure 6: Geology Map of the Wahig Pamacsalan Watershed ............................................ 15
Figure 7: Soil Map of the Entire Wahig Pamacsalan Watershed ......................................... 15
Figure 8: Land Classification Map of the Pilar, Bohol .......................................................... 18
Figure 9: Tropical Cyclone Tracks from 1944 - 2013 ........................................................... 20
Figure 10: Projected monthly rainfall changes under Medium-range Emission Scenario (A1B) in Tagbilaran City, Bohol ..................................................................................... 21
Figure 11: Projected Change in Monthly Average Mean Temperature (°C) under Medium-range Emission Scenario (A1B) Tagbilaran City, Bohol ....................................... 22
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LIST OF APPENDIXES
Appendix 1. Water Quality Tests for the Wahig-Pamacsan Rivers ...................................... 55
Appendix 2: Certificate of Ancestral Domain Claim ............................................................. 56
Appendix 3. Public Consultation with INREMP RI Subproject Beneficiaries of San Vicente, Pilar ................................................................................................................ 57
Appendix 4. Public Consultation with INREMP RI Subproject Beneficiaries of Lundag, Pilar ....................................................................................................................... 62
Appendix 5. Resolution of Support from Barangay Council and Lundag Eskaya Tribe ........ 69
Appendix 6. SB Resolution Affirming Support and Authorizing the Mayor ........................... 70
Appendix 7. Grievance Intake Form .................................................................................... 72
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I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. This Initial Environmental Examination has been prepared for the Rehabilitation of Access Road (Lundag-San Vicente and Lundag Proper-Cogonon) in Pilar, Bohol. The Rehabilitation of Access Road (Lundag to San Vicente and Lundag Proper to Cogonon) is located within the forest land area. The Lundag to San Vicente and Lundag Proper to Sitio Cogonon Access Road are considered as major roads connecting the IP barangay to the rest of the Municipality of Pilar. The Lundag to San Vicente and Lundag Proper to Sitio` Cogonon access road is within the ancestral domain of the Lundag Eskaya Tribe covered by CADC. It has an existing Natural Resources Management (NRM) project of 50 hectares in Barangay Lundag while 70 hectares in Barangay San Vicente is contracted by the Lundag Eskaya Tribe Multi-Purpose Cooperative (LETMULCO).
2. The objectives of the Rehabilitation of Access Road (Lundag-San Vicente and Lundag Proper-Cogonon) in Pilar, Bohol is to: uplift the quality of life of the people thru the provision of all-year-round easy and affordable access thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services and increase economic opportunities and conditions. The proposed access road will support the NRM project activities of the constituents.
3. The Sub-project has been categorized by ADB as Environment Category B and this IEE was prepared consistent with the environmental assessment requirements of ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement of 2009. The IEE was carried out through screening and analysis of various environmental parameters, field investigations, stakeholder consultations, and review of other road project reports in the Philippines. The IEE covers the general environmental profile of Pilar rural infrastructure sub-project and includes an assessment of the potential environmental impacts during different sub-project phases and formulation of corresponding mitigation measures. The IEE was prepared by the LGU of Pilar with the cooperation of RPCO, PMU, WMCO and POs.
4. The subproject cost as estimated has a total amount of Twenty-Two Million One Hundred Sixty-Three Thousand Nine Hundred Thirty-Six Pesos and Twenty-Nine Centavos (PHP 22,163,936.29). Following the agreed financing mix of the subproject, 80% of the total subproject cost as presented will be covered by the Project and the remaining 20% will be borne by the proponent LGU (Pilar, Bohol) as equity counterpart which will be appropriated by the Sangguniang Bayan (SB) from the Municipal Development fund.
5. Major land use along the road rehabilitation project is agriculture which is part of production forest. None of the sub-project roads are located near or within ecologically sensitive areas.
6. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major environmental concerns due to proposed Rehabilitation of Access Road (Lundag-San Vicente and Lundag Proper-Cogonon) given that all the proposed civil works are only asset preservation of existing roadway and are located within existing right of way. There will only be localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan.
7. The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs achieve public acceptance of the Sub-project. A series of consultations with barangay Lundag and San Vicente of the local government of Pilar confirmed that the rehabilitation of the access road is essential for economic development.
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8. A grievance redress mechanism will be established by the LGU of Pilar prior to commencement of site works to ensure that complaints of affected persons and other stakeholders regarding the project’s environmental performance are promptly addressed.
9. The IEE includes an environmental management plan which details the mitigation measures, environmental monitoring activities, institutional responsibilities, and environmental management capacity building. The LGU through its Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator and the Municipal Engineer will ensure that relevant EMP provisions are included in bid and contract documents for detailed design, project supervision and civil works. During construction, they will closely conduct monitoring of the contractor’s environmental performance and over-all EMP implementation. Semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by LGU to ADB and such reports will be posted on ADB’s website for public disclosure.
10. The major positive impact of the project will be economic and better accessibility. The sub-project will directly benefit people located within the two barangays by providing improved access and economic development. In relation to the National Greening Program, the proposed road will traverse these 12 NGP areas. The sub-project would also benefit the environment in terms of reduced soil erosion and landslides through slope stabilization measures and construction of retaining structures. Dust generation from the damaged roads will be reduced by the improvement of pavement. Health risk to the roadside communities and damage to the biological environment will be reduced due to pavement improvement and soil erosion control measures.
11. This Sub-project will have an overall beneficial impact and will have minor negative impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through implementation of the EMP.
II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
A. Environmental Clearance Requirements
1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines
12. According to the EMB Memorandum Circular 005 - 2014, the environmental category of a project is decided based on the type of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental Critical Project’, ECP type), location of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental Critical Areas’, ECA category), and size of the project. A summary list of ECPs and ECA categories are presented in Table 1. Table 1: Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories
A. List of ECPs
As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981)
1. Heavy Industries – Non-ferrous Metal Industries, Iron and Steel Mills, Petroleum and Petro-chemical Industries including Oil and Gas, Smelting Plants
2. Resource Extractive Industries – Major Mining and Quarrying Projects, Forestry Projects (logging, major wood processing projects, introduction of fauna (exotic animals) in public and private forests, forest occupancy, extraction of mangrove products, grazing), Fishery Projects (dikes for/ and fishpond development projects)
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3. Infrastructure Projects – Major Dams, Major Power Plants (fossil-fueled, nuclear fueled, hydroelectric or geothermal), Major Reclamation Projects, Major Roads and Bridges
As declared by Proclamation No. 803 (1996)
4. All golf course projects
B. List of ECA Categories - As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981)
1. All areas declared by law as national parks, watershed reserves, wildlife preserves, sanctuaries
2. Areas set aside as aesthetic potential tourist spots
3. Areas which constitute the habitat of any endangered or threatened species of Philippine wildlife (flora and fauna)
4. Areas of unique historic, archaeological, or scientific interests
5. Areas which are traditionally occupied by cultural communities or tribes
6. Areas frequently visited and/or hard-hit by natural calamities (geologic hazards, floods, typhoons, volcanic activity, etc.)
7. Areas with critical slopes
8. Areas classified as prime agricultural lands
9. Recharged areas of aquifers
10. Water bodies characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: tapped for domestic purposes; within the controlled and/or protected areas declared by appropriate authorities; which support wildlife and fishery activities
11. Mangrove areas characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: with primary pristine and dense young growth; adjoining mouth of major river systems; near or adjacent to traditional productive fry or fishing grounds; areas which act as natural buffers against shore erosion, strong winds and storm floods; areas on which people are dependent for their livelihood.
12. Coral reefs characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: With 50% and above live coralline cover; Spawning and nursery grounds for fish; Act as natural breakwater of coastlines
13. Based on their type, size and location the projects have been classified into 3 major groups:
• Group I (ECPs): ECPs in either ECAs or NECAs – Environmentally Critical Projects in either Environmentally Critical Areas or Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require the proponent to submit ‘Environmental Impact Statement’ report to secure ‘Environmental Compliance Certificate’ from DENR’s Environment Management Bureau (EMB). Table 2 gives the size of the road and bridge projects that fall in to Group 1.
• Group II (NECPs): NECPS in ECAs – Non Environmentally Critical Projects in Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require proponent to submit either ‘Initial Environmental Examination’ Report or ‘Project Description Report ‘ based on the size of the project (see Table 2) to secure either ECC or ‘Certificate of Non Coverage’.
• Group III (Non Covered Projects): NECPs in NECS – Non Environmentally Critical Projects in Non Environmentally Critical Areas. PDR required to be submitted for Enhancement Mitigation Projects for confirmation of benign nature of proposed activity, and CNC is required to be secured. All other projects shall be at the option of the proponent to prepare a PDR as a basis for CNC, should the proponent opt to secure one.
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Table 2: EIS and IEE Requirements for Road and Bridge Projects
Project Type Project size parameter
EIA Report Type Required/Decision Document
Group I Group II
Environmental Impact
Statement (EIS)/ ECC
Initial Environmental Examination (IEE Report (IEER) or IEE Checklist
(IECC)/ ECC
Project Description Report (PDR)/ CNC
Bridges and viaducts new construction
Length >= 10 km >=80m but <=10 km Regardless of length for foot bridges; < 80m for other bridges
Roads, new construction and widening (including RO- RO facilities)
Length with no critical slope or Length with critical slope
>= 20km or
>=10km
>= 2 km but <20km or
>=2km but <10km
< 2 km
Tunnels and sub-grade roads and railways
Length >=10 km < 1 km
14. This subproject is an improvement of existing barangay road which falls under the group of Non-ECP while ADB has categorized the Project as environment Category B. As the subproject will involve the rehabilitation of 2.0 km road length in Sitio Cogonon and 3.4 km road length in San Vicente, the application of an Environmental Clearance Certificate (ECC) will be prepared by the LGU of Pilar and eventually submitted to the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) in Region 7.
2. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements
15. According to ADB guidelines, the process of determining a project’s environment category is to prepare a Rapid Environmental Assessment screening checklist, taking into account the type, size, and location of the proposed project. Based on ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009), a project is classified as one of the four (4) environmental categories (A, B, C or FI) as follows:
• Category A: Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment is required.
• Category B: Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of
lesser degree and/or significance than those for category A projects. Impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for Category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required.
• Category C: Projects likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No
environmental assessment is required although environmental implications are still reviewed.
• Category FI: Projects are classified as category FI if they involve investment of funds to or through a financial intermediary. Where the FI’s investment have minimal or no adverse environmental risks. The FI project will be treated as Category C. All other FI’s
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must establish and maintain an environmental and social management system and must comply with the environmental safeguards requirements specified in SPS 2009 if the FI’s subprojects have the potential for significant adverse environmental impacts.
16. According to Philippines environmental guidelines, the Project or Sub-project can be considered as either under Group II or III while ADB has categorized the Project as environment Category B. Hence, this IEE has been prepared to meet the requirements of both the ADB and the government. Upon ADB’s receipt of the final IEE from the proponent, this will be publicly disclosed through posting on ADB’s website.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
A. Overview
17. The general objective of the Rehabilitation of Access Road (Lundag-San Vicente and Lundag Proper-Cogonon) is to uplift the quality of life of the people thru the provision of all-year-round easy and affordable access thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, and increase economic opportunities and conditions. The proposed access road will support the national resources management project activities of the constituents.
18. To ensure accessibility of communities of basic social services delivery, repair and maintenance of roads, spillways and drainage systems are among the infrastructure concerns identified by the community and specifically expressed in their Barangay Development Plans for specific funding assistance by the local government unit.
B. Project Location
19. The Municipality of Pilar is located in the interior part of the Province of Bohol. It is 76 kilometers away from the city of Tagbilaran with an estimated time travel of 1.5 hours using private vehicle and 2 hours for public utility vehicle. The municipality is bounded on the north by the Municipality of San Miguel; on the Northeast by the Municipality of Ubay and Alicia; on the East by the Municipality of Candijay; on the west by the Municipality of Guindulman; on the Southwest of Municipality of Sierra Bullones; and on the Northwest of the Municipality of Dagohoy.
20. The Municipality of Pilar is part of the Wahig Pamacsalan Sub-Watershed of the Wahig-Inabanga River Basin, Province of Bohol, Region 7 (Central Visayas Region). One of the current major problems of the municipality is the bad condition of several barangay roads.
21. The scope of works for the Brgy. Lundag Proper - Cogon Access road subproject has 2 and 3 meters carriage way on various locations with 1 meter shoulders. The total length of the proposed road as measured is 2,000 meters with endpoint in a ridge area at Sitio Cogonon. It is composed of four (4) major components as follows: improvement of gravel road; provision of concrete pavement; provision of RCPC cross drains; and provision of natural line canal.
22. The scope of works for the Brgy. Lundag – San Vicente Access road subproject has 3.5 meters with 0.75 meter shoulders at both sides. The total length of the proposed road as calculated is 3,483 meters with endpoint at Brgy. San Vicente Proper connecting to a concrete barangay road. It is composed of following components as follows: improvement of gravel road; provision of concrete pavement; and provision of natural line canal.
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23. Based on the environmental characterization of the project site done during the field reconnaissance survey, the project was not located in an environmentally critical area and the field data were supplemented with secondary information gathered from the DENR Regional Office and CENRO and other relevant data such as watershed management plan, environmental reports and feasibility studies undertaken by national and local agencies.
Figure 1: Location of the Proposed Rehabilitation of the Access Road
C. Project Rationale
24. The Rehabilitation of Access Road (Lundag-San Vicente and Lundag Proper-Cogonon) is located within the timberland area and it is embodied in the Indigenous Peoples Plan, in which it specifically identified the proposed rehabilitation of access road as one of the major concern. Because most of the beneficiaries are farmers, who rely heavily on agricultural products as their main source of income, safe and lower costs in transporting and hauling their harvests are among the prime needs that have to be addressed as early as possible.
25. The main livelihood of the community within the influenced barangay is farming. However, these activities are very much affected by the poor condition of the road. During rainy season, the road becomes muddy and hardly passable. Based on the data above, health is an issue and they need access to more additional health services. The transport condition also makes the fare rates high so people tend to get their basic needs from unscrupulous businessmen engaged in trading or middlemen in the area. Also, quality of farm produce transported to the main market will be low if the road is rough. The lack of access also deprives them of the ability to take advantage of job opportunities.
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26. During a series of consultations with the municipal and barangay officials, the major problem identified by the community was the poor access road. The farmers were forced to sell their agricultural products to the traders who come into the area at low price they dictate to the farmers as they are the ones that will bear the high cost of transportation and hauling if they sell them to the market.
27. There will be many opportunities that this rehabilitated access road will bring. Foremost of which will be the additional income of the farmers and the people due to the enhancement of their farming systems and maximization in the utilization of the area. Other factors that would contribute to income or savings generation is the reduction of time in transporting their produce and finish products, the increase of enrolment of high school students. The decrease of maternal and infant mortality rate due to the increase of frequency of health personnel going to the area, and the decrease of transportation fare rates due to the reduction of vehicular operating cost. Other potential livelihoods that will emerge are backyard poultry and/or piggery, commercial high value crops and eco-tourism development and related activities.
28. Direct employment during the construction will increase. Labor, skilled and unskilled, will be from the barangay and women can also be employed. It may address some of the poverty situation as it decreases costs and prices and enhances trade and employment opportunities. Transportation indirectly alleviates poverty. The lack of access deprives them of the ability to take advantage of job opportunities and even of very basic social services. Reliable access to schools and health services for the poor contributes directly to their accumulation of human capital, which is a key factor in sustainable poverty alleviation in as much as jobs and basic social services are relatively highly valued by the poor.
D. Project Development Plan
1. Project Components
29. The scope of works for the Brgy. Lundag Proper - Cogon Access road subproject with total length of 2 km is composed of four (4) major components as follows:
1. Improvement of gravel road (1.378 km); 2. Provision of concrete pavement (0.622 km); 3. Provision of RCPC cross drains (3 lots); 4. and Provision of natural line canal (0.800 km).
30. The scope of works for the Brgy. Lundag – San Vicente Access road subproject with total length of 3.483 km is composed of following components:
1. Improvement of gravel road (1.718 km); 2. Provision of concrete pavement (1.765 km); 3. and Provision of natural line canal (6.966 km).
31. The aggregate sub-base coarse (item 200) shall have an average thickness of four (4) inches or 100 mm, the aggregate base coarse (item 201) shall be 6 inches or 150 mm and the surface aggregate surface coarse (item 300) to be placed shall be 6 inches or 150mm on the existing 4m road with 1 meter shoulder both sides including the natural canal. Placing of surface aggregate shall conform to the requirement of the road during the construction date to achieve standard road level and stability. The provision of cross drains shall be 400mm diameter RCPC installed with gravel bedding of 4” base coarse and grouted riprap headwall and CB.
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32. The Subproject Cost as estimated has a total amount of Twenty-Two Million One Hundred Sixty-Three Thousand Nine Hundred Thirty-Six Pesos and Twenty-Nine Centavos (PhP 22,163,936.29). Following the agreed financing mix of the subproject, 80% of the total Subproject Cost as presented will be covered by the Project and the remaining 20% will be borne by the proponent LGU (Pilar, Bohol) as equity counterpart which will be appropriated by the Sangguniang Bayan (SB) from the Municipal Development fund.
33. The Lundag to San Vicente and Lundag Proper to Sitio Cogonon Access Road are considered a major road connecting the IP barangay to the rest of the Municipality of Pilar. As majority of the Eskaya Tribe are farmers, the existing road is very important for them to transport their rice, corn, cassava and other farm products either for sale or trade to commercial establishments.
2. Description of the Project Phases
a. Pre-Construction Phase/Pre-Development Phase
34. The pre-construction phase involves the social preparation (to include organizational strengthening, planning, identification and prioritization of community needs) of the community for the entry of the project to the site, conduct of pre-engineering activities covering detailed survey works to determine alignment of roads and canal systems, preparation of the detailed engineering plans and programs of work, recruitment of work force and initial sourcing and procurement of construction materials. These activities will be conducted by the proponent technical staff, partner line agencies, NGO service providers, community beneficiaries especially the Peoples’ organizations and contractors.
b. Construction/Development Phase
35. The construction phase involves the mobilization of construction equipment, construction workers and materials to the specific project site after which the longer period of actual construction work will commence. The construction phase will end with the demobilization of construction equipment, workers and other construction paraphernalia from the construction site. Majority of these activities will be undertaken by the contractor and community residents under the close supervision of the Sub-Project Management Unit.
c. Operation Phase and Maintenance Phase
36. The operation and maintenance phase involve the actual maintenance of the rehabilitated access road during its expected economic life. This will involve the designation of a spoils storage area of at least 25 meters away from water bodies for proper disposal of excavated materials, wetting areas of dust sources along vehicle route, and regular removal of debris, logs and other materials along drainage canals.
d. Abandonment Phase
37. This phase is included in the project demobilization. The proponent does not intend to abandon any facilities and unserviceable equipment used during construction. The project location will not be abandoned in disorderly condition but instead restored for functional use. Following the completion of the construction, the proponent will dismantle temporary shelters and the construction yard including unserviceable vehicles and equipment.
38. Wastes arising from the abandonment are expected to be minimal. These wastes could include small volumes of left over sand and gravel, re-bars and other steel materials (i.e., nails and welding roads) and lumber.
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E. Manpower Requirements
39. Construction activities will require hiring of skilled and unskilled manpower. It is assumed that some skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled manpower will be available in the area. Skilled manpower not available in the locality may be sourced from other nearby localities. Technical manpower will be a complementation of specialists to be provided by locally known engineering firms.
40. During the construction phase, a workforce consisting of contractual and regular laborers will be employed to carry out the construction of the proposed project.
41. The Contractor shall employ qualified and sufficient staff to carry out inspections, testing and monitoring for the project.
F. Project Cost
42. The Subproject Cost as estimated has a total amount of PhP 22,163,936.29. Following the agreed financing mix of the subproject, 80% of the total Subproject Cost as presented will be covered by the Project and the remaining 20% will be borne by the proponent LGU (Pilar, Bohol) as equity counterpart which will be appropriated by the Sangguniang Bayan (SB) from the Municipal Development fund.
43. Breakdown of cost estimates for the road rehabilitation project for Lundag Proper –
Cogonon Access Road is shown below.
Table 3. Breakdown of cost estimates for the road rehabilitation project for Lundag Proper – Cogonon Access Road
44. Breakdown of cost estimates for the road rehabilitation project for Lundag Proper – San Vicente Access Road is shown below.
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Table 4. Breakdown of cost estimates for the road rehabilitation project for Lundag Proper – San Vicente Access Road
45. Aside from the equity counterpart provided by the LGU for the subproject, they also allocated some amount intended for the preparation of the project such as seminars, preparation of feasibility study (or subproject proposal document) and detailed engineering, survey of the project site and some evaluation by the personnel from different sectors who are involved in the implementation of the subproject. 46. Asian Development Bank and other foreign funders together with the DENR will provide the budget needed for capacity development trainings that will not only enhance the skills of the proponent and POs but will also provide additional knowledge on the guidelines and best practices on Infrastructure project implementation. G. Project Duration and Schedule
47. Timetable for the sub-project implementation is expected to reach a total of 365 calendar days. The preparation of Detail Engineering Design (DED) was completed by end of September 2017. After the DED, it has been translated into standard bidding document (SBD), procurement activities for civil works, starting July 2018 through national competitive bidding (NCB). Advertisement, opening of bids, bid evaluation and award of contract is expected to take at least 30 days.
48. Rehabilitation period is estimated to cover 365 calendar days. Physical completion, including the completion of documentary requirements, is expected by end of March 2019. The matrix below shows the major stages of implementation and respective timeline (Table 5). Table 5. Implementation Schedule
Subproject Milestones
2017 2018 2019
<J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A
SPD Preparation
Review of SPD
SPD Approval
DED Preparation
Procurement Stage
Construction Stage
Completion & Turn-over
Start of O & M Activity
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IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
49. Wahig-Inabanga River Basin is the largest watershed in Bohol. It is composed of four major component watersheds, namely; Wahig-Pamacsalan, Danao, Dagohoy and Inabanga covering an area of about 62,795 hectares (Figure 1). Most of the land area is classified as alienable and disposable lands.
50. The Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed is composed of two (2) watersheds, the Wahig watershed and Pamacsalan watershed. It is located in the central part of the province of Bohol covering 44 barangays encompassing the large agricultural valley of the two municipalities of Pilar and Sierra Bullones, and a portion of the mountainous areas of the municipalities of Duero, Garcia Hernandez and Jagna. It has a total area of 13,543 hectares which is 21.57% of the total 62,796 hectares of the Wahig-Inabanga River Basin.
A. Elevation and Slope
51. The variations in elevation of a watershed are important factors relating to temperature and rainfall. The Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed, generally, is less than 900 m asl in elevation (Figure 3). Almost one third (1/3) or 4,153 hectares of the entire area have an elevation range of 100-200 m asl. These are mostly found in the low-lying areas of the municipality of Pilar and Sierra Bullones. The highest elevation that ranges from 800-900 m asl is found in Mayana, Jagna, Canta-ub and Lataban, Sierra Bullones.
52. In particular, the proposed road rehabilitation in Sitio Cogonon has an elevation ranging from 550 to 627 m asl with an average slope of 10.2% (upslope) and -7.3% (downslope). In San Vicente road access, the proposed alignment has an elevation ranging from 376 to 593 m asl with an average slope of 11.7% (upslope) and -7.4% (downslope). Consequently, the two (2) proposed road access are generally located on moderately sloping grounds. Details are shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
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Figure 2: Location Map of the Wahig Pamacsalan Watershed
Figure 3: Elevation Map of the Wahig Pamacsalan Watershed
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Figure 4: Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Road Rehabilitation in Sitio Cogonon
Figure 5: Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Rehabilitation in San Vicente Access Road
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B. Geology
53. The Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed is composed of basement rocks such as the Carmen formation and the Sierra Bullones limestone (Figure 6). All the 5 municipalities in the watershed have a basement rock of Sierra Bullones limestone, covering 5,729 hectares and a total of 7,814 hectares of Carmen formation found only in the municipality of Pilar and Sierra Bullones.
54. The following are the description of the geologic formation in the Watershed:
Carmen Formation. The Carmen formation is essentially composed of shale, sandstone, slabby to clastic limestone beds, conglomerate, siltstone, mudstone, and marl. Generally, the sedimentary beds are low dipping and inter-bedded with each other and assume a highly tuffaceous nature. The base of the Carmen formation is a thin, medium-bedded siliceous shale and sandstone member, consisting mainly of fine to medium-grained particles of feldspar, glass shards, sharply angular glass and fragments of basaltic hornblende. The formation covers the low terraces, low to high limestone hills and undulating to rolling sedimentary hills and terraces of the Watershed area. The soils formed are Lithic Rendolls and Typic Eutropepts. Lithic Rendolls are shallow soils, clayey, well drained and contain a substantial amount of finely divided lime and small rock fragments. The Typic Eutropepts have dark brown, dark grayish brown clay surface soils. The consistency is slightly sticky and plastic when wet (Rosario et. al, 2000).
Sierra Bullones Limestone. The Sierra Bullones mountain ranges of southeastern Bohol are capped by massive limestone strongly correlating with the Barili limestone of south central Cebu. It is overlain by white marl. The type of soil produced from this formation is an association of Rendolls and Eutropepts. The Rendolls are very dark gray, brown or dark yellowish-brown clay situated on the moderate to steep slopes and are subject to moderate and severe erosion. They are well-drained soils that have shallow to deep solum. Fairly to very rocky land surface is characterized in the landscape (Rosario et al, 2000).
C. Soils
55. The Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed has four types of soil namely: Annam clay, Faraon clay, Ubay clay and Ubay clayloam (Figure 7). Among these four types, Ubay clay has the largest area of 6,490 hectares or 48% of the total area of the watershed, followed by Annam clay with 4,117 hectares. On the other hand, Faraon clay comprises the smallest with 259 hectares.
15
Figure 6: Geology Map of the Wahig Pamacsalan Watershed
Figure 7: Soil Map of the Entire Wahig Pamacsalan Watershed
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D. Water Quality
56. The proposed road rehabilitation subproject is located within the Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed. The Wahig and Pamascalan Rivers were classified as ‘Class D’ water based on the DENR Memorandum Circular No. 7. This class is intended for agriculture, irrigation, live stocks watering, etc.), industrial water supply class 2 (e.g. cooling, etc.), and inland waters by their quality belong to this classification. All results in each station are shown in Appendix 1 and evaluated based on guidelines indicated in DAO No. 8 Series of 2016 as follows:
a. Temperature
57. Water temperature fluctuates between day and night and over longer time periods. It varies along the length of a river with latitude and elevation, but can also vary between small sections depending on local conditions. The temperature of surface water is usually between 0ºC and 30°C. The Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed sampling stations result has a temperature of 30°C, 30°C, 28°C, 31°C, 29°C and 32°C respectively. The mean average temperature was 30°C which indicates that the water in the watershed is within the normal range for surface water.
b. pH
58. In the Wahig-Pamacsalan, the pH characterization results show slight variation in values of the water sample taken from the six sampling stations. All stations indicate alkalinity with values of 8.16, 8.14, 8.15, 7.93, 7.82 and 8.13. Based on the standards of DENR, the value set for pH is 6.0-9.0. Thus, the pH values of the water samples in every sampling station at an average value of 8.01 in the Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed is within the standard set by DENR. In the Wahig-Pamacsalan characterization result, pH values of the water sample taken from the six sampling stations showed a slight variation. All stations indicate alkalinity which had a value of 8.16, 8.14, 8.15, 7.93, 7.82 and 8.13, respectively. Based on the DENR standards, the value set for pH is 6.0-9.0. Thus, the pH values of the water samples in every sampling station with the average value of 8.01 showed that the water quality of Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed conformed to the standard set by DENR.
c. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
59. Stations 1, 2, 3 and 5 have a BOD level of <2.0 mg/L, Station 4 has 2.2 mg/L, and Station 6 has 2.1 mg/L. The BOD results of the four stations fall within the standard set by DENR which is 10 mg/L. Biological Oxygen Demand refers to the amount of oxygen needed in the decomposition of organic materials by microorganisms and determines organic pollution to both waste water and surface water. Thus, the low BOD results among the six stations show that the amount of organic matter in the study area is negligible and does not cause negative effect on the quality of water. BOD influences the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water.
d. Total Dissolved Solids
60. Conversely, the TDS values of the water samples in this study varied among the six (6) stations. Sampling station 1 to 6 had values 215 mg/l, 229 mg/l, 187 mg/l, 185 mg/l, 274 mg/l, and 185 mg/l respectively tends to have low levels of dissolved solids compared to the standard set by DENR which is 1000 mg/l and it revealed that the water samples conformed to the prescribed standard.
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e. Cadmium (mg/L)
61. Usually cadmium is a minor constituent of surface and ground water. It may exist in water as hydrated ion, inorganic complexes such as carbonates, hydroxides, chlorides or sulphates or as organic complexes with humic acid. The percentage of cadmium in the water samples taken from the six sampling station of Wahig-Pamacsalan watershed based on the result of analysis was <0.005 mg/L, thus, falls within the standard set by the DENR.
f. Chromium VI (mg/L)
62. The result of Chromium in Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed Sampling Station 1 to 6 had similar value of <0.01 mg/L and falls within the standard of the DENR which is 10mg/L.
g. Lead (mg/L)
63. Corrosion of the plumbing system and erosion of natural deposits may cause lead to enter and contaminate water system. Ingestion of water contaminated with lead may cause poisoning both to human and animals, damaging the nervous system and causing blood and brain disorder. The same with the other two heavy metals, lead content of the water samples taken from the sampling stations of Wahig-Pamacsalan watershed is <0.027 mg/L, thus, falls within the prescribed standard of DENR which is 10 mg/L.
h. Fecal Coliform
64. The analysis of fecal coliform in Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed showed that Sampling Stations 1 has a value of 2.4x102 Most Probable Number (MPN), Station 2 has 9.2x103 MPN, Station 3 has 2.4x103 MPN, Station 4 has 1.8 MPN, Station 5 has 5.4x103 MPN and Station 6 has 2.4x104 MPN. Yet, DAO 34-90 does not have a guideline value for fecal for Class D.
i. Total Coliform
65. Results showed that sampling stations 1 to 6 had values of 1.6 x103 MPN, 9.2 x103 MPN, 2.4 x103 MPN, 63 MPN, 1.6x104 MPN, and 13.5x104 MPN respectively. It was evident that most of the water samples from all the stations is highly contaminated and also denotes the potential public health hazards.
66. Total coliform bacteria as well as fecal coliform bacteria are considered indicators of water contaminated with fecal matter. Contaminated water may contain other pathogens (micro-organisms that cause illness) that are more difficult to test for. These indicator bacteria are useful in giving a measure of contamination levels.
E. Land Classification
67. The influence area is largely classified as forest barangays. Of the total 1,894 hectares in its political and administrative jurisdiction, only 246 hectares or 13.02% are classified as Alienable and Disposable (Figure 8). The forestland’s total area of 1,648 hectares made up about 86.98% of the total land area of the two (2) barangays.
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68. Pilar is an agricultural and a 4th class municipality located in the interior part of Bohol. It was created by Executive Order No. 460 issued by the former Pres. Carlos P. Garcia on December 29, 1961. It has population of 26,887 people in 2010 National Statistics Office (NSO) with 5,031 households.
Figure 8: Land Classification Map of the Pilar, Bohol
F. Land Cover and Land Use
69. Pilar has a total land area of 12,039 hectares and is composed of 21 barangays namely: Aurora, Bagacay, Bagumbayan, Bayong, Buenasuerte, Cagawasan, Catagdaan, Cansungay, Del Pilar, Estaca, Inaghuban, Ilaud, La Suerte, Lumbay, Lundag, Pamacsalan, Poblacion, Rizal, San Carlos, San Isidro and San Vicente. Out of 12,039.00 hectares, 3,049 hectares are forestland while 8,989 hectares are alienable and disposable. Eleven out of 21 Barangays are in forestland areas wherein Barangays Lundag and San Vicente consist of 1,087 ha and 807 ha of forest, respectively. 70. The Influence area has a total land area of 1,895 hectares representing 15.7% of the entire area of the Municipality consisting of 12,039 hectares and classified as agricultural, forestland, institutional, residential, river, road, utilities and cemetery. G. Climate
1. Baseline Climate
71. Based on Modified Corona’s Climate Classification System, the area has a Type IV climate, which is characterized by more or less evenly distributed rainfall throughout the year (Agpaoa et al. 1975). The climate is influenced by southwest originating monsoons and is relatively dry from March to May. The wet season is from June to December with mean
Prepa re d by : Ch ecke d b y : Re com me nd in g for A pprov al : Ch ecke d and Ve rif ie d : App ro ved by :
ARTEMIO B. LEGASPIGIS Ope ra tor
JOSEPH R. ANANIAMPD C
NECITAS T. CUBRADOMun ic ipal M ayo r
ELPEDIO R. PALACA, SR. NESTOR M. CANDACE NR O PEN R O
LAND CLASSI FICATION M AP
Republic of the Philippine
Province of Bohol
M UNICIPALIT Y OF PILAR
N
EW
S
20 0 0 0 20 0 0 40 0 0 M
SC ALE :
APPR O XIMAT E AREA : 12,039 H AS.
UTM Z ON E, LUZO N PH ILIPPINE DATU M
1 : 130,000
LEGEN D :
SO U RC E : CAD AST RAL MAP,DENR
N O T E : F o r F O R E S T L A N D U S E P LA N p u rp o se s o n ly a n d s h a ll n o t b e
co n sid e re d a s a n e v id e n ce in s et ti ln g b o un d a ry d is pu t e s.
MUN. O
F S
AN M
IGUEL
MUN. O
F D
AGO
HOY
MUN
. OF S
IER
RA
BULLO
NES
MUN. OF DUERO
MUN
. OF U
BAY
MU
N. O
F A
LIC
IA
MU
N. O
F C
AN
DIJ
AY
MU
N. O
F G
UIN
DU
LM
AN
640000
640000
645000
645000
650000
650000
655000
655000
1080000
1080000
1085000
1085000
1090000
1090000
1095000
1095000
1100000
1100000
EST AC A
RI ZA L
LU ND A G
SAN IS ID RO
BAYO NG
BU EN ASU ER T E
SAN VI CE N TE
ILAU D
POBL AC ION
CA TA GD AAN
BAGA CA Y
LU MB AY
BAGU M BAY AN
IN AGH U BAN
LA S U ER TE
AU RO RA
CA NS UN GA Y
CA GAW AS AN
PAM AC SAL AN
DE L P ILA R
SAN C AR LO S
Description Hectares % of Total
8,989.300
Forestland
Area (has)
A & D
3,049.700
12,039.000Total
74.67
25.33
100.00
A&D
Forestland
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monthly rainfall averaging about 30 mm to 305 mm. The wettest months are October and November.
72. Atmospheric temperature observations for Bohol are obtained from PAGASA’s synoptic station in Tagbilaran City. The Tagbilaran City’s climate datasets extended their influences within the Pilar municipality under the Wahig-Inabanga Watershed.
73. Data sets made available were hydro-meteorological variables on rainfall or precipitation and temperatures by monthly average for the 30-year period from 1971-2000, as the observed or current baseline as well as the future projections under a medium-range emission scenario for periods of 2020 (base year 2006-2035) and 2050 (base year 2036 – 2065). Likewise, data on daily rainfall from 2004 - 2010 from PAGASA Tagbilaran, based on the CNM3 model with A1 and A2 scenarios were likewise obtained.
74. Using basic hydro-meteorologic indicators, the climate profile of the four LGUs can thus be described as follows:
a. Rainfall
75. Based on PAGASA data, the observed mean daily rainfall (average of all values) from year 1971 to 2000 ranged from 68.2 mm to 183 mm. The driest months are from February to May with an average rainfall of 72.5 mm, while the wettest months are from September to December, with an average rainfall of 156.2 mm. The average total annual rainfall from 1971 to 2000 is 1,357.6 mm.
76. The latest rainfall data summarized from the daily rainfall records show a decreasing rainfall pattern in 2004 to 2005 (Table 6). From 2006 however, there is increasing rainfall trend with unusually high rainfall level in year 2008 at 2,273 mm, before tapering down in 2009. One typhoon made a direct hit in June 2008, attributing to June the highest rainfall level in that year. Nevertheless, the months from January to March of the same year gave the area unusually high levels of rainfall ranging from 202.8 mm to 264.7 mm.
Table 6. Monthly Mean Rainfall Based on the Tagbilaran Weather Station (2004 - 2010). Year/Mo 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Avg Min Max
JAN 64.4 26.2 95.7 185.5 264.7 67.1 100.4 114.9 26.2 264.7
FEB 97.7 1.3 130.7 25.1 202.8 190.3 20.9 95.5 1.3 202.8
MAR 79.3 78.8 183.6 31.8 236.5 160.8 31.2 114.6 31.2 236.5
APR 12.4 60.1 41.5 26.2 107.1 174.6 89.5 73.1 12.4 174.6
MAY 185.5 42.9 66.8 124.1 179.2 113 47.3 108.4 42.9 185.5
JUN 148 137.5 125 244.1 294 163.2 148.8 180.1 125 294
JUL 116.6 133.1 103.6 141.3 155.3 116.5 164.3 133.0 103.6 164.3
AUG 109.4 129.5 111.5 50.5 241 30.6 137.8 115.8 30.6 241
SEP 109.4 81.3 72.6 154.2 131.1 74.2 206.5 118.5 72.6 206.5
OCT 102.1 92.5 140.5 214.6 176.2 22.7 305.1 150.5 22.7 305.1
NOV 111.5 204.7 170 161.3 120.9 294.6 140.6 171.9 111.5 294.6
DEC 73.2 269.6 157.9 170.4 164.3 56.6 282.6 167.8 56.6 282.6
Total 1,210 1,258 1,399 1,529 2,273 1,464 1,675 1,544
77. Bohol is not frequently visited by typhoons or cyclones. However, more recent tropical cyclone occurrences are more intense and slightly clustered in the central Philippines. Tracking of tropical cyclones from 1900 to 2013 (Figure 9) reflects this observation and likewise busted the myth that Mindanao never experienced any tropical cyclone before the most recent years.
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Figure 9: Tropical Cyclone Tracks from 1944 - 2013
b. Temperature and Relative Humidity
78. The monthly mean air temperatures ranged from 26.5 ˚C to 28.7 ˚C, based on recorded temperatures for the years 1971 to 2000 (observed scenario). The annual average temperature is 27.7 ˚C, indicative of a fairly uniform temperature throughout the year. In the watershed, the air temperature can be considered low due to the mountains, the alignment of the area and the prevailing winds that tend to reduce the movement of warm air from the sea, promoting outflow from the watershed. The mean annual relative humidity recorded is 81.3% with monthly averages varying between 78 and 85%. Higher humidity is experienced from December to March.
2. Climate Scenario for Bohol in 2020 and 2050
79. The projected future changes in temperature and rainfall in 2020 and 2050 using data was prepared by the PAGASA using the PRECIS model. In that assessment, the medium-range scenarios are within a planning horizon of up to 2050. Outputs of the model under the A1B and A2 scenarios will only diverge after 2050 due to the long lifetimes of the greenhouse gases. The outputs of the model run for the observed monthly, and changes in the monthly rainfall both in 2020 and 2050 are based on climate scenarios.
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a. Rainfall
80. Figure 10 presents the projected change in monthly average rainfall (mm) under the medium-range emission scenario (A1B) in 2020 and 2050. Projected change anomalies were estimated as the difference from current or future periodic monthly average precipitation to the observed baseline period (1971-2000) monthly average precipitation values. The A1B scenario showed an overall increasing trend in the monthly precipitation particularly in June and December, while consistently decreasing trend was noted during the months of January to April. In particular, the monthly precipitation fluctuated from month to month. However, the most distinct changes were predicted to be in the 2050s period where the month of October had indicated a potential increase of approximately 44% from the baseline precipitation period, while noticeably decreased for the duration of January to April (up to -42%). The variability of the amount of precipitation is mainly attributed to the shorter dry-spell length during dry seasons. In effect, the dry season tends to become drier, while the wet season becomes wetter.
Figure 10: Projected monthly rainfall changes under Medium-range Emission Scenario (A1B)
in Tagbilaran City, Bohol
b. Temperature
81. The projected change anomalies of mean temperature in the future estimated an increase of +0.8 °C (the present condition) up to +2.4 °C by the end of 2050s. The results revealed differences in temperature changes that are larger from the 2050s period. The increase in local-mean temperatures is between +0.8 to +1.2 °C in 2050s.
82. For temperature, Figures 11 shows the projected mean temperature scenarios based on the Tagbilaran weather station.
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Figure 11: Projected Change in Monthly Average Mean Temperature (°C) under Medium-
range Emission Scenario (A1B) Tagbilaran City, Bohol
H. Hydrology
83. The watershed has a total run-off and ground water recharge (GWR) of 243.07 million cubic meters (Table 7). The estimates were based on the rainfall data obtained from PAGASA-Pilar Station (2003-2012). Data shows that dry months are observed during April and May. During these time, grassland and forest cover in the area are highly prone to fires.
Table 7. Water balance simulation Data/Parameter Value
Area (m²) 136,980,000
Mean Annual Rainfall (MAR) (m) 2.535
Total Mean Annual Rainfall (m³) 347.24
Total Run-Off (RO) (mcm) 225.71
Total Actual Evapotranspiration (mcm) 104.17
Total Ground Recharge (mcm) 17.36 Source: Wahig-Pamacsalana Characterization Report 2014
I. Natural Hazards
84. There were only five (5) typhoons/tropical storms that almost or directly crossed the path across the province since 1991. The latest two of which – tropical storms Seniang and Queenie (international names Jangmi and Sinlaku, respectively) both occurring in 2014 are most remembered due the extent of additional damage inflicted on the province after the devastating earthquake of 2013. Nevertheless, stronger typhoons affected the province and the five municipalities even if these were not within the vicinity of the province. These are typhoons/tropical storms either crossing from the Samar area and directly hitting Cebu and the western provinces or were over the northern Mindanao area, thereby affecting Bohol. Most notable of these are typhoon Nona (Melor, 2015), super typhoons Yolanda (Haiyan, 2013) and Pablo (Bopha, 2012), severe tropical storms Sendong (Washi, 2011) and Frank (Fengshen, 2008). Around 75% of these typhoons, especially the most devastating ones occurred in the last quarter of the year, notably November and December. J. Biological Environment
1. Flora
85. The Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed has a diverse forest ecosystem rich with different species both flora and fauna. As part of Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape (RSPL),
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protection of these types of wildlife was strengthened particularly in the barangays of Bugsoc, Canlangit, Magsaysay, Nan-od and San Isidro, Sierra Bullones. The proposed subproject is located outside the said protected area with a distance of more than eight (8) km away from the Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape. In southern part, the Alijawan-Cansuhay-Anibongan Watershed Forest Reserve is found with a distance of more than seven (7) km from the proposed road rehabilitation subproject.
86. In terms of flora for overstorey, a total of 75 species belonging to 61 genera and 31 families were recorded. For understorey 81 species were recorded belonging to 65 genera and 36 families, while 182 species belonging to 152 genera and 68 families were identified either as seedlings, saplings, and other ground vegetation.
87. The common reforestation species used in the province are yemane (Gmelina arborea), large leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), small-leaf mahogany (Swietenia microphylla), teak (Tectona grandis), auri (Acacia auricularformis) and Eucalypts (Eucalyptus spp).
88. Overall, there were no trees and crops at the easement and right of way on the proposed road rehabilitation project. It must also be noted that there were no endangered and critically endangered species of flora observed in the project area during the validation conducted in November 2016. The validation of the proposed road rehabilitation subproject was facilitated by representatives from LGU Pilar, INREMP-RPCO, and NPCO.
2. Fauna
89. A total of 10 species of amphibians belonging to four (4) families, six (6) species for reptiles belonging to three (3) families, nine (9) species for aves belonging to seven (7) families and four (4) species for bats belonging to one (1) family were recorded during the baseline study.
K. Socio-Economic Conditions
1. Population
90. Based on the 2015 Community Based Mapping System (CBMS), the influence area has a total population of 1,662 with a growth rate of 0.5%. Using this growth rate (0.5%), the projected population for the year 2020 will be 1,704 and by 2025, population will reach 1,747.
91. Given the 2015 total population of 1,662 and the total land area of the two barangays of 1,894.75 hectares, the population density for 2015 is 0.88 persons per hectare. This density will only slightly increase to 0.90 and 0.95 persons per hectare for 2016 and 2025, respectively.
92. In the two barangays of Lundag and San Vicente, the highest age group belongs to 5 to 9 years old that has total population of 219, which is about 13% of the total population. This is followed by 0-4 years old and 10-14 years old that comprises of 206 and 207 persons, respectively. This implies that the project areas have relatively young population. There are only 156 senior citizens who are above 60 years old and represent only 9.38% of the total population.
2. Water Supply
93. Currently, the water supply in Brgy. Lundag is inadequate. Only limited water supply is provided to Puroks 1-3. Other Puroks have no safe source and supply of water. Streams and
24
springs located at far distance are their only source of water for domestic use. The Barangay officials wanted to provide potable water to Purok 2-6 with estimated serviceable households of 133.
3. Indigenous Peoples
94. There is only one (1) prominent tribal group actively involved in forest conservation and ancestral domain management in the watershed. This is the ESKAYA Tribe of Brgy. Lundag, Pilar; Taytay, Duero and Canta-ub, Sierra Bullones. The indigenous peoples have strong affinity with the watershed as this is linked to their spirituality, survival and identity. The ancestors of this tribe have unique practices that show their deep regard for their land; hence, the present leaders also imbibed strong determination in asserting their rights to protect the watershed from other interests or occupations.
95. The Ancestral Land of the Visayan Eskaya Tribe covers 3,173 hectares and straddles in the boundaries of the municipalities of Pilar, Sierra Bullones, Duero and Guindulman in the Eastern and Central Bohol. More particularly they are in Barangays Lundag, Pilar; Canta-ub, Sierra Bullones; Taytay, Duero; and Biabas, Guindulman. Brgy Biabas, however is not within the INREMP area.
96. The Lundag to San Vicente and Lundag Proper to Sitio` Cogonon, access road is within the ancestral domains of the Lundag Eskaya Tribe covered by CADC No. R7 CADC-14. Barangay Lundag has an aggregate total population of 813 individuals. Most of the residents of barangay Lundag are indigenous people (IPs) called the Lundag Eskaya Tribe (Appendix 2).
97. The main source of livelihood of IP in the barangay is mainly farming. Corn, rice, root crops and vegetables, coconut and banana are crops planted in the area. Most of the IP women are engaged into selling vegetable and weaving. Poor road conditions especially during heavy rains prevent the IPs from efficiently transporting their goods. When this road is impassable and unsafe, delivery of basic social services, especially on health and education are restricted. Child and maternal death is high, immunization participation is very low, family planning practitioners visit is minimal and even minor services such as operation timbang, operation tuli and pre- and post-natal care are low. School children population are discouraged to continue high school and college and at some instance elementary school participation rate decreases.
98. Local and traditional governance and leadership structures exist in this IP Barangay. The Barangay Council and Tribal Council in which the former is composed of elected representatives of local barangay is headed by a Barangay Captain and the latter composed of Datus of Tribal Elders. Governed by customary traditions and practices, the IP is headed by a Chieftain. Land is owned by the community and each settler has a temporary right to use it through CADC ownership system where land is occupied.
99. A separate Indigenous Peoples Plan is being prepared for this subproject.
4. Education
100. All barangays have at least one public elementary school. Overall, most of the children are enrolled in Kindergarten and Elementary education level. However, the school participation rate decreases in the high school. The reduction in participation rate of high school students is affected by the road situation and insufficiency of year-round water supply.
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5. Health and Sanitation
101. The sanitation of the barangay is of great importance to the residents. The manner of disposal of their garbage is done through dumping in individual open pits, composting and burying while others feed their excess food to the animals. Clean-up drive is undertaken by the Barangay Council (BC) as their yearly activities while the other members of the communities schedule their activities every quarter. Tree growing is done when the Municipal Agriculture Office and the Office of the Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator in which the municipal nursery is under their supervision disperses seedlings every 6 months. The two barangays always participated on the annual search conducted by the Municipal Nutrition Council and Municipal Agriculture Office for the Bahay Kubo Contest and PABASA sa Nutrition. Rewards are awarded during Foundation Day Celebration of the Municipality. Since the influence area is located in a far-flung barangay, most of the households are not practicing family planning methods. As shown in the Table 6 above, the population with ages of 0-4 years old is the second in rank to the highest number of population, implying proper health and nutrition interventions Majority of the total households in the influence area have access to sanitary toilets.
6. Housing
102. While most of the families in the influence area are living in comfortable houses, their current dwellings are indicative of poor economic condition. It must be noted that there are no encroachments of any residential houses or dwellings, businesses, institutional structures or properties, found along the right of way of the proposed rehabilitation of access road. There are only 10 houses along the project existing road alignment. The distance of these structures are mostly 5 meters from the side of the proposed road access.
7. Electricity
103. The electric power of the influence area is provided by the Bohol Electric Cooperative II (BOHECO II). Unfortunately, there are still households that don’t have electric connection in the area particularly those who are residing on the remote areas.
8. Communication
104. Mails and other forms of physical communication are course through the Municipal Postal Office at Poblacion proper. Each Barangay is issued handheld radios for emergency purposes. The main communication to the barangay is through the 117 Emergency Calls from the Municipal Station called Area Coordinating Center. Only few residents have mobile phones.
9. Income and Expenditure
105. The influence area is dependent on the two main sources of revenue for the barangays. One is the Tax Revenue which includes the real property taxes and the other one is from the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA).
106. Based on the 2015 Community-Based Monitoring System, results show that barangays Lundag and San Vicente have 337 total number of households and that 161 or 48% live below the given food threshold. While for the given poverty threshold, there are 275 households or 81% who live below it.
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10. Tourism
107. The influence area has sites potential for tourism that includes: the Sagnap Spring in which swimming pool is located, Centennial Forest and other good attraction site for tourism because of its fresh air and water. The said spring is near to the natural forest so the surrounding area is quiet and peaceful. With this, the people that will come by the place can truly relax. The said area is already a site of a Department of Tourism (DOT) project.
11. Commerce and Industry
108. Most of the commercial establishments are related to agri-business activities. Buy and sell (rice, corn, cassava, coconut, banana), and livestock dealing are the prevailing services.
109. Prime products of the influence area include rice, corn, root crops, vegetables, coconut, banana and other crops. The people of the barangays also rely on forest products such as abaca to augment their income. The forest products are sold at the urban center. Aside from abaca, the women of the barangays also propagate flowers and other ornamental plants that they also sell to customers.
110. Majority of the total working age population is working in private institutions that consist of 351 people. Looking at the per barangay distribution, Barangay Lundag has the highest number of working-age population at 217. Wage and salary workers are mostly government such as teachers, health and nutrition workers and barangay council members and the rest engaged their work outside.
12. Road and Transportation
111. The main mode of transportation to and from the barangay influence areas is by means of motorcycles (habal-habal). The present road network from Barangay Lundag to Barangay Poblacion is about 12 km passing through Barangay San Vicente, San Carlos and Bagumbayan. There is another road section about 10 km long that leads to the Provincial Road passing Barangay Lumbay and Ilaud.
112. The travel time from Lundag Proper to the Municipality’s Urban Center is approximately 1 hour. There are a total of 35 vehicles from the influence area plying the road network. Of these, 16 are from Lundag, and 19 from San Vicente. Most of the vehicles are private motorcycles used as habal-habal.
V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
113. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major environmental concerns due to proposed rehabilitation of the access road given that all the proposed civil works are only asset preservation of existing roadway and are located within existing right of way.
114. There will only be localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan.
115. These construction related impacts can be mitigated by: 1) the contractors’ work practices, especially those related to the systematized demolition procedure consistent with approved standard safety requirements; 2) cooperation by the local authorities with the
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contractor in terms of use of public space and utilities; 3) project management’s strict enforcement of the correct construction practices and standards; 4) the incorporation of the mitigation measures identified in the IEE into the bid documents and specifications; and 5) close monitoring of the contractor’s implementation of the required mitigation measures.
116. The potential environmental impacts resulting from implementation of civil works are expected to be minor and likely short-term since the improvement works will not involve widening and alignment adjustments (Table 8). Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental management plan under Chapter VIII.
117. During operation, the project is expected to benefit the environment and socio- economic conditions of the subproject areas through increased delivery of agricultural products, increased tourism, improved access and economic development, reduced dust due to asset preservation, improved road safety due to installation of safety signs, and others.
118. Environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures during subproject pre-construction, construction and operation phases are described under Chapter VIII. Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental management plan.
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Table 8. Potential Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Road Rehabilitation Project Potential Environmental Impacts or Values the Subproject construction would likely create:
Improvement of gravel road
Provision of concrete pavement
Provision of RCPC cross
drains
Provision of natural line canal
Land surface disturbance – surface scrapping, top soil erosion, and vegetative clearing
minor minor minor minor
Affects temporal water regime: decrease water quantity and quality and flow regularity or seasonality due to altered drainage patterns, water way configuration, sedimentation, turbidity, as well as river flow diversion
minor minor minor minor
Altered or impaired hydrology of the immediate area: increase peak and flood flows and irregular streamflow
minor minor minor minor
Decrease in downstream natural resources’ economic and social values/uses
minor minor minor minor
Decrease site’s attraction in terms of losing some geological or geomorphological values, particularly those of known local, national or international nature conservation importance
minor minor minor minor
Vegetation loss affecting rare species habitats, particularly of known local, national or international nature conservation importance
none none none none
Adverse impact on local and transient fauna species (those species whose range may include the project site), particularly those of known local, national or international nature conservation importance.
none none none
none
Bio-invasion of new strain of pests, weeds or rare diseases
none none none none
Frequent incurrence and increased intensity of grassfire
none none none none
Contamination of the immediate and/or broader environment cause by the storage or use of chemicals needed for the construction works
minor minor minor minor
Air particulate emissions which may cause atmospheric / environmental pollution impacting on human health and livelihood at local or larger scale during construction phase
moderate moderate moderate minor
Excessive solid waste accumulation during infrastructure construction
minor minor minor minor
Increase in noise and/or vibration during construction
minor minor minor minor
Unnatural lighting effects that may impact upon flora and fauna, or deplete the sense of naturalness of the area
none none none none
Natural landscape fragmentation and discontinuity none none none none
Adverse impact on land use and the amenity values of adjacent or downstream areas (including the integrity of agricultural land, or other industry that the local community may depend on)
minor minor minor
minor
Adverse impact on existing or potential recreational value and quality of known traditional experience associated to site natural setting
minor minor minor minor
Adverse impact or alter on-sites’ visual value and its surrounding area -from different vantage points
minor minor minor minor
Rating: None= No adverse impact; Minor= slight negative impact and momentary; Moderate=severe negative
impact with duration more than a year or permanent with far reaching spatial range
A. Pre-Construction
1. Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation
119. Items above will be undertaken prior to the commencement of any civil works. The proponent shall conduct consultation meetings with directly affected barangays and concerned POs’, and information awareness campaign regarding subproject location.
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2. Identification and prioritization of road section where gravelling and concreting will be done
120. Identification and prioritization of road sections will give information and participation of the community, particularly women and marginalized sectors. A subproject site validation will be facilitated to ensure that the INREMP validation process on subproject implementation is being complied with. Consultative meetings will be held with balanced representation of men and women and affected persons on the subproject components and management plan.
3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work
121. The detailed engineering designs and programs of work for the subproject will be prepared by the LGU for the completion of the proposed upgraded access road. The detailed designs shall include the identification of spill management prevention and emergency response plans for all construction sites, locate aggregate borrow pits and rock supply areas away from human settlements with fencing and access barriers, and specific plan to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal commercial and residential activities.
122. The LGU with assistance from TA-PMIC will ensure that relevant provisions of the EMP in terms of implementation of environmental mitigation measures, monitoring activities, supervision and reporting are included for civil works and construction supervision.
4. Recruitment of workers
123. The potential impact of the subproject will be in the form of hiring of skilled local workers and other unskilled jobs. A robust “local first” hiring policy will be designed and be implemented in coordination with local officials and community leaders especially at the barangay and municipal levels. The Contractor will be required to follow the “local first” hiring policy. B. Construction
1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system
124. The contractors will source construction materials under their own arrangements. Uncontrolled sourcing of such materials could lead to environmental impacts such as the loss of topsoil or the disfigurements of the landscape from borrow pits. Earthen embankments and material stockpiles will be susceptible to erosion, particularly during the rains and re-suspension of dust during the dry seasons.
125. Local roads will be damaged during transportation of borrow materials and by the construction equipment. In order to reduce impact on all borrow sites, contractors will water the local roads close to the settlements used by the borrow trucks. As much as possible, contractors will not make use of productive agricultural land. In case this is unavoidable, the contractor will obtain consent from the land owner and will restore the site to its original condition after completion of civil works.
2. Clearing and removal of obstructions
126. The contractor will initiate clearing and removal of obstructions on the existing road which would result to damaged landscape. However, vegetation (mostly grasses) present in the site is common and will recover after the construction. The contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works, including but not limited to the extent practicable shall ensure that fuels other than wood are used for cooking.
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3. Soil erosion
127. Soil erosion and unstable side slopes susceptible to landslides are noticed along subproject road. The impact of soil erosion and unstable side slope will increase run off and sedimentation causing a greater flood hazard downstream. Loss of topsoil affects the growth of vegetation that causes ecological imbalances, and development of unsightly cuts and fills that have been riddled by uncontrolled erosion and gullying. Construction activities in high slope areas should be done only during dry season.
128. During operation, minor siltation of the river is expected because of slope protection structures installed (e.g. planting immediately of cover crop) and because construction activities will be done only during the dry season.
4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road
129. During ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road, the potential impacts to terrestrial and aquatic resources quality would be minor and short-term only.
130. The contractor is expected to do the following: 1) the construction site should be located away from forested or plantation areas, 2) all construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas, 3) no waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations, 4) erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion, 5) earthworks should be conducted during dry periods, 6) no waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters, 7) no washing or repair of machinery near surface waters, 8) pit latrines to be located away from surface waters, 9) no unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses, 10) no aggregate mining from rivers or lakes, and 11) minimize the use of heavy equipment at steep slopes.
5. Civil works (Concrete Pavement)
131. Since the subproject will mainly involve concrete pavement (with no road widening and realignments), main impacts on land during construction are from air pollution, land and water contamination, and traffic and access problems. The contractor will apply stated mitigating measures during concrete pavement activities.
6. Implementation of noise and dust control measure
132. During construction, air quality is likely to be degraded by exhaust emissions from the operation of construction equipment, and dust generated from haul roads, unpaved roads, exposed soils and material stock piles.
133. In order to mitigate these, the following will be implemented: 1) regularly apply wetting agents to exposed soil and construction roads, 2) cover or keep moist all stockpiles of construction aggregates, and all truckloads of aggregates, 3) minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed, 4) backfill immediately after work is completed, 5) restrict working time between 7:00 am and 5:00 pm, 6) maintain equipment in proper working condition, 7) replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery, 8) vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use, and 9) construct temporary noise barriers around excessively noisy activity areas if possible.
7. Dust and noise from borrow pits
134. Noise and dust may be generated from borrow pits. The contractor will ensure the following mitigating measures: 1) provision of noise control measures to comply with national
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standards, watering of the earth roads close to the settlements, use covered truck, 2) secure appropriate environmental permits, 3) the borrow and material dumping sites must be access controlled to keep away unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and any other stray animals, and 4) protective gear like ear plugs will be provided to operating personnel if they are exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits.
8. Implementation of spoil management and control measure
135. The contractor will ensure that there will be no contamination of land and surface waters from excavated spoils, and construction wastes. The uncontaminated spoils will be disposed of in municipal or provincial designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface water. On the other hand, suspicious contaminated soil will be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.
9. Solid and liquid construction waste management system
136. Solid and liquid construction wastes management system will be facilitated to avoid contamination of land and surface water from the construction wastes. The management of general solid and liquid wastes of construction will follow government regulations to include covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force. A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal will be established and followed to ensure construction sites are as clean as possible. All solid wastes will be separated and recyclables be donated to the barangay. There will be no site-specific landfills established by the contractors. All solid waste will be collected and removed from the work camps and disposed in local waste disposal sites.
10. Water Quality
137. The subproject has potential impacts on water quality due to washing of equipment (i.e. vehicles and concrete mixers), and leakage and spills from discharge from worker camps to the water resources. To mitigate, there should be a 1) set up proper and adequate sanitary facilities, 2) ensure strict observance of proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers, 3) provide wastewater treatment facility (e.g., septic tank), and 4) trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation tanks.
11. Construction drainage system
138. The contractor shall construct drainage systems to facilitate drainage and rain water natural channels. The contractor will also provide adequate short-term drainage away from construction sites to prevent ponding and flooding.
12. Workers health, safety and hygiene
139. Construction sites are likely to have public health impacts. Contractors will ensure that no untreated wastewater is discharged in the river and that no site-specific landfills will be established at the construction camps. There will be a potential for diseases to be transmitted, exacerbated by inadequate health and safety practices. The contractor will therefore be required to recruit or designate a health and safety officer to address such concerns in the work sites and liaise/work with the nearby communities.
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140. Mitigation measures include: 1) proper fencing, protective barriers, and buffer zones should be provided around all construction sites, 2) sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed, 3) worker and public safety guidelines should be followed, 4) provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites, 5) the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women, 6) standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in, 7) worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers, 8) appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers, 9) adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction site, 10) drinking water must be provided at all construction sites, 11) sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and 12) all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed.
13. Traffic safety and management
141. During construction, the contractor is responsible for ensuring that all construction vehicles observe speed limits on the construction sites and to provide adequate signage, barriers, and flag persons for traffic control. Sign postings such as ‘men working’, ‘Keep left/right’, ‘construction ahead’, and ‘speed limit’, should be used for traffic management and road safety. As much as possible, road works will be confined to one half of the road width at each section to provide access to pedestrian and vehicles during construction works.
14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna)
142. Rehabilitation work will directly cause minor degradation of the local ecology through the clearance of small areas of vegetation (mainly grasses) at major work sites. A short-term impact on ecology along the rehabilitated road is likely to occur in worksites during the construction period due to minor vegetation clearance (mainly grasses, not trees). Vegetative cover stripped from the locations described above will be kept for slope protection. 143. Meanwhile, the potential impacts from construction worker camps are poaching of edible animals and birds of the locality in spite of prohibitions. The contractors’ will be responsible for providing adequate knowledge to the workers regarding the protection of fauna. In short, all workers will be prohibited from hunting wild animals.
15. Damaged to properties
144. Another potential impact during construction is damaged to properties (structures, irrigation, farmland) and access roads due to civil works, transport of materials and other project-related activities. To address this impact, the contractor will immediately repair and/or compensate for any damage that it causes to properties (houses, farmlands, aquaculture ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply, communication facilities and the like. Access roads used for transport of construction materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre-project condition for the duration of construction.
16. Concrete washout
145. The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall 1) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle
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the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.
17. Use of Hazardous Substances
146. Storage and use of fuel, lubricant and other toxic and hazardous chemicals will have potential impacts on soil surface and groundwater contamination. To address this impact, vehicle maintenance and refueling will be confined to areas in construction sites designed (with concrete flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned government agency and following national regulations. Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations such as fire, spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas.
18. Public Safety
147. Some of the mitigation measures that should be implemented are as follows: To mitigate this impact, the following should be addressed by the Contractor: 1) installation of sturdy fencing around excavation areas and construction sites, 2) provision of proper signage and lighting at night at the periphery of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and pedestrians, 3) deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access, 4) imposition of speed limits for construction vehicles along residential areas and where there are other sensitive receptors, and 5) orientation of drivers on safe driving practices to minimize accidents and to prevent spill of hazardous substances and other construction materials during transport.
C. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase
1. Operation of upgraded access road
148. The rehabilitation of the access road will directly increase delivery of agricultural products, access to natural resources management project sites, and open for tourism businesses. However, other potential impacts include increased risk of accident or injury, exploitation of natural resources in the area, and unplanned urbanization.
VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION
A. Stakeholder Consultations
149. The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs achieve public acceptance of the Sub-project. Series of consultations with IP Leaders, Brgy. Officials and local government unit of Pilar confirmed that the rehabilitation of the access road is essential for economic development.
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150. During these consultations, the proponent with technical assistance of consultant has made presentation of the Sub-project describing the objective of the consultations, project description, proposed civil works, and anticipated environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The consultations went very well and effective and the discussions were documented. The results of the consultation were positive, with local people considering that the road will bring significant economic benefits to the barangays and increase trade flows (Tables 9 and 10).
151. Concerns on the subproject mainly revolved on its construction phase which can be mitigated. No long-term negative environmental impact was expressed by the participants. Majority of the respondents cited ease of transport as one of the direct benefits of the road; majority of them as well are not anticipating any negative impact of the subproject to the environment though one of the respondents mentioned that the road might be a corridor for illegal loggers to access the forest land so he suggested an intensified barangay patrolling during the operation phase of the access road (Appendix 3).
152. The influence barangay conducted a barangay consultation where they discussed priority projects of their barangay. Consistent with the site validation result conducted, the sub-project was assessed to unlikely cause significant adverse impact on the environment; in fact, the subproject is identified by the community members to improve the status of the environment as it will serve as a corridor in mitigating forest fires in the area.
153. Eskaya Tribe and IPO endorsed the proposed the road rehabilitation access road for inclusion to INREMP rural infrastructure component (Appendix 4 and 5).
154. With the involvement of the LGU in the sub-project activities of INREMP particularly in the implementation of rural infrastructure support facilities, they dedicated time and effort in participating with orientation, consultation, planning and training activities. Indeed, a municipal resolution was crafted affirming the interest of the local government unit to apply, negotiate, avail financing grant from the INREMP of the DENR thru the municipal development fund office, and undertake other acts necessary for the effective implementation of the access road (Appendix 6).
Table 9. Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Road Rehabilitation in San Vicente, Pilar Date: July 8, 2017
Venue: San Vicente Barangay Hall, San Vicente, Pilar, Bohol
Total Number of Participants: 54
Participants: Residents of barangay San Vicente, PPMO (RIE, WMO, TEO), CESM (PA), LGU LCE, MPDC, ME, and LGU staff
Questions Responses
Benefits from the road rehabilitation expressed by on-site and off-site stakeholders
Better road condition
Transport of agricultural produce to the market
Easier travel for students
Better access to healthcare
Reduction of fare
Additional public utility vehicles
Reduction of maintenance costs of vehicles
Pre- construction phase issues
Beneficiaries Response Project Management Team Response
This phase would involve the delivery of construction materials, arrival of heavy equipment and skilled and unskilled workers. The participants see no problem with this phase.
Construction phase issues
This phase involves the base preparation, gravelling and
PB Lusica assured that alternative routes would be in place.
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concreting of critical sections of the access road.
A participant expressed her concern that road rehabilitation would make the road temporarily impassable.
The participants see no problem with the noise in the project site.
Operation and maintenance phase issues
Gravel roads are typically slippery during rainy season and dusty during dry season.
Better road condition might result to reckless driving. A participant suggested putting up speed limit.
A participant asked if carabao carts (locally known as balsa), which is the common mode of transport of produce, could pass through the road since these carts could easily get stuck in soft surfaces such as gravel.
For maintenance, BLGU has annual allocation for road maintenance.
PB Lusica suggested to install wheels on these carts.
Suggested impact mitigation measures
Aside from the anticipated issues and its corresponding mitigations/ responses mentioned on the previous table, the TA-PMIC also identified potential issues and mitigation measures that the subproject might face. These issues and measures are all captured on the Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan of Pilar.
Table 10. Public Consultation with INREMP RI Subproject Beneficiaries of Lundag, Pilar
Date: July 7, 2017
Venue : Lundag Barangay Hall, Lundag, Pilar, Bohol
Number of Participants: 92
Participants: Residents of barangay Lundag, PPMO (RIE, WMO, TEO), CESM (PA), LGU LCE, MPDC, ME, MAO and LGU staff
Facilitators: Engr. Lily Villones, Engr. Walter Boloyos, and Mr. Romeo Teruel
Questions Response
Benefits from the road rehabilitation expressed by on-site and off-site stakeholders
Easier and faster transport of produce to the town center
Monitoring and maintenance of NRM subprojects
Poverty reduction
Reduction of maintenance costs of vehicle e.g. motorcycle
Pre- construction phase issues
Beneficiaries Response Project Management Team Response
The participants expressed no concern with regard the entry of heavy equipment and arrival of laborers.
The participants expressed no concern with regard the identification of route of distribution lines
Construction phase issues
PB Carias asked isn’t 3.5m too narrow for a road.
A participant suggested concreting the road sections near Lundag proper instead of the mid-sections since most residents reside in Lundag proper.
Engr. Balili reiterated that INREMP is trying to minimize adverse social and environmental impacts that may arise from of the Project. Engr. Villones added that as per validation, the existing roadway is only 4m and INREMP prohibits road expansion.
Engr. Balili explained that only the critical portions are prioritized for concreting.
Operation and maintenance phase issues
Post-construction phase:
On maintenance of access roads, the MLGU will soon be procuring equipment for maintenance of barangay roads, including Lundag-San Vicente and Lundag proper – Sitio Cogonon access roads.
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B. Information Disclosure
155. After study completion, the IEE documenting the mitigation measures and consultation process will be submitted to ADB for posting on their website, DENR-FMB, the Municipality of Pilar, Bohol and the affected Barangay office, the Provincial Environmental and Natural Resource Officer, and DENR regional office, which will make them available to the public. More informal and vigorous level of disclosure and consultation will be done during implementation through:
• The preparation and dissemination of a brochure in local languages, explaining the affected peoples’ entitlements and the procedures for obtaining compensation for temporary disturbances, trees, crops, and land for construction camps and recording grievances; and
• Setting up a formal grievance redress committee with a representation from the affected people. Field consultant in association with the Contractor will be responsible for managing the effective grievance redress program.
VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM
156. The Local Government Unit of Pilar has properly conducted the consultations with the different stakeholders of the sub-project site. However, it still has to make room for possible issues, concerns, or grievances and disputes arising from the communities in relation to the project implementation. Thus, it sets up a Grievance Redress Mechanism to provide a venue for resolving grievances and disputes even at the lowest level. This will be done to resolve disputes as early and as quickly as possible before it escalates to an unmanageable level.
157. Since, the community consultations were conducted smoothly and no adverse or violent reactions have been noted, there are only minor grievances that are anticipated which may arise. These are listed below:
1) Road accessibility related grievances – This may include complaints from communities using the roads under repair or construction due to temporary obstruction, which may cause delay in travel time and other inconveniences of the travelling public.
2) Construction related grievances – Community members may demand to be hired as part of the labor force in the project construction/implementation. This may also include complaints of community members regarding noise, drainage, and etc.
3) Indigenous Peoples related grievances – may come from IPs residing within the influence areas concerned with potential effects to ecological and social resources of their area/abode.
Suggested impact mitigation measures
Aside from the anticipated issues and its corresponding mitigations/ responses mentioned on the previous table, the TA-PMIC also identified potential issues and mitigation measures that the subproject might face. These issues and measures are all captured on the Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan of Pilar.
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158. If case grievances and disputes do arise, there are existing groups in the area which can be tapped to form part of the GRM. In fact, different active groups exist in the area such as the Barangay Development Council (BDC) with its Lupon which is mainly in-charge of settling disputes related to barangay administration, and the IP Chieftain and IP Mandatory Representative, which also takes care of resolving disputes relating to the indigenous people residing in the project area.
159. A subproject-specific grievance redress mechanism will be established at the PPCO to receive, evaluate and facilitate the complaints/grievances of affected persons on the sub-project’s environmental performance. This mechanism will be disclosed to the host communities before start of civil works.
160. The grievance redress committee (GRC) will be chaired by the PPCO head. Members will include the following: (i) designated GRM officer of PPCO, (ii) contractor’s highest official at the site such as the Construction Manager or the Construction Superintendent; and (iii) barangay chairperson. For the quick filing of complaints, the GRC will use the attached grievance intake form (Appendix 7). The PPCO's GRM officer will be responsible for registration of grievances and communication with the aggrieved party. 161. The steps to be followed in filing complaints and the procedures for redress are the following:
(i) complainant will provide the background and file the complaint verbally or in writing to the PPCO, and the PPCO's GRM officer will assist the complainant in filling-up the grievance intake form;
(ii) within 2 working days, the GRM Officer, contractor’s representative, and complainant will discuss if the complaint can be resolved without calling for a GRC meeting;
(iii) within 3 days of lodging the complaint, the PPCO's GRM officer will provide the complainant a written feedback on the process, steps and timeframe for resolving the complaint.
(iv) if the complaint cannot be resolved, a GRC meeting with the complainant will be called within 5 working days;
(v) the GRC will have 15 working days to resolve the complaint; (vi) the complainant will receive feedback from the PPCO's GRM officer within 5
working days after the various steps of the GRM are completed; and (vii) if unsatisfied with the decision, the existence of the GRC will not impede the
complainant's access to the Government's judicial, administrative remedies or through concerned government agencies (e.g., Community Environment and Natural Resources Office and Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office of DENR, Regional offices of the Environmental Management Bureau, etc.)
162. The GRC will receive, follow-up and prepare monthly reports regarding all complaints, disputes or questions received about the Project and corresponding actions taken to resolve the issues. These reports will be included in the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports to be submitted to ADB. 163. All grievance/complaints will be posted in respective Barangay and LGU Bulletin Boards for public disclosure/information. The functioning of the grievance redress mechanism will be regularly monitored and evaluated by the DENR-INREMP, during project implementation.
Grievance Among IPs
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164. Giving primacy to the traditional conflict resolution system, grievances will be handled following the procedure outlined below. In resolving disputes among the indigenous peoples, the determination or decision is usually reached through dialogue and consensus. There may be several conflict resolution sessions according to the specific tribe’s customary laws before the dispute may be resolve. Thus, there is no clear definite timeline on when the conflict or dispute should be settled at the level of the clan and the Council of Elders.
a) Dispute/grievance will be resolved first among the members of the clan; b) If the said grievance/dispute is not resolved at the clan level, this will be brought to
the level of the Council of Elders (COE); and c) If still unresolved at the COE level, the said dispute/grievance will be submitted to
the NCIP Regional Hearing Officer (RHO), for resolution, where the decision will be final and executory. The dispute/ grievance will be heard and adjudicated in accordance with the Rules on Pleadings, Practice and Procedures before the NCIP.
VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
A. Implementation Arrangements
165. Institutions responsible for executing and monitoring the implementation of the EMP are presented in Table 11.
Table 11. Responsibilities for EMP Implementation Agency Responsibilities
LGU of Pilar, Bohol • Executing agency with overall responsibility for project construction and operation
• Ensure that sufficient funds are available to properly implement the EMP • Ensure that Project implementation complies with Government
environmental policies and regulations • Ensure that the Project, regardless of financing source, complies with the
provisions of the EMP and ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 • Obtain necessary environmental approval(s) from the Environmental
Management Bureau and/or other concerned government agencies prior to commencement of civil works
• Ensure that tender and contract documents for design, supervision and civil works include the relevant EMP requirements
• Establish an environmental grievance redress mechanism, as described in the IEE, to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples' concerns
• Submit semi-annual monitoring reports on EMP implementation to ADB.
Existing ADB Project Management Office
• Project management office with direct responsibility for the implementation of civil works, engineering designs and project coordination.
• Ensure that EMP design measures are incorporated in the detailed design • Ensure that EMP provisions are strictly implemented and monitored during
various project phases (design/pre-construction, construction and operation) to mitigate environmental impacts to acceptable levels
• Include relevant provisions of the EMP in the bid and contract documents for design, civil works and supervision.
PPMO and WMPCO • Closely monitor contractor’s environmental performance and over-all implementation of the EMP
• Prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation for submission to ADB
• Based on the results of EMP monitoring, identify environmental corrective actions and prepare a corrective action plan, as necessary, for submission to ADB
39
Agency Responsibilities
• Responsible for coordinating with EMB, Local Government Units (LGU), and other concerned agencies related to environmental aspects for maintaining project`s compliance with environmental permits.
TA - PMIC and NPCO • . Engage environment specialists who will undertake supervision and monitoring of EMP implementation and contractor’s environmental performance
• As part of day-to-day project supervision, closely supervise and monitor the contractor’s implementation of mitigation measures specified in the EMP
• Assist PMU and WMPCO in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation. Such report will include results of ambient environmental monitoring to be conducted by the contractors.
Contractors • Recruit qualified environmental and safety officer to ensure compliance with environmental statutory requirements, contractual obligations and EMP provisions
• Provide sufficient funding and human resources for proper and timely implementation of required mitigation and monitoring measures in the EMP
• Implement additional environmental mitigation measures, as necessary, to avoid, minimize and/or compensate for adverse impacts due to construction works and related activities performed by the contractor.
EMB - DENR • Review and approve environmental assessment reports required by the Government
• Undertake monitoring of the project’s environmental performance based on their mandate
ADB • Conduct periodic site visits to assess status of EMP implementation and over-all environmental performance of the Project
• Review environmental monitoring reports submitted by the executing agency to ensure that adverse impacts and risks are properly addressed
• Publicly disclose through posting on ADB’s website environmental monitoring reports, corrective action plans, new or updated IEE (if any) prepared by the executing agency during project implementation
B. Environmental Mitigation
166. Table 12 presents the environmental mitigation measures to address anticipated adverse impacts of the Sub-project. The EMP also shows responsibilities for implementation of mitigation measures and corresponding supervision and monitoring.
40
Table 12: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Component/Activity
Potential Environmental Impacts
Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities
Cost Estimates
Implementation Monitor
Pre-Construction Phase
Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation
No negative environmental impacts
Conducted Consultation meetings with barangay officials and concerned POs’ officers and members
Conducted information awareness campaign regarding subproject location
LGU of Pilar WMPCO PPMO
Identification and prioritization of road section where re-gravelling will be done
Lack of information and/or low participation of the community, particularly women and marginalized sectors
Subproject sites validation with following conditions:
ensure that the INREMP validation process on subproject implementation is being complied with
hold consultative meetings with balanced representation of men and women and affected persons on the subproject components and management plan
LGU of Pilar WMPCO PPMO
Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work for the subproject
Minimize negative environmental impacts
Work with LGU RI Engineer for the completion of the proposed upgraded access road detailed designs and to ensure the following measures are included:
identification of spill management prevention and emergency response plans for all construction sites;
locate aggregate borrow pits and rock supply areas away from human settlements with fencing and access barriers;
for local residents: include specific plan to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal commercial and residential activities
LGU of Pilar WMPCO PPMO
Recruitment of workers Gender discrimination and tendency to recruit outsiders
Hire local workers as much as possible, and give equal privilege for women to get involved in selected tasks appropriate for them
Contractor
LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Construction Phase
Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system
Pollution, injury, interrupted usual road use, disrupted access, noise
Procure construction materials from sources with valid environmental clearances, i.e. for sand, gravel and timber from those with valid DENR-MGB/EMB permits.
All borrow pits and quarries should be approved by Municipal Engineering Division.
Select pits and quarries in areas with low gradient and as close as possible to construction the sites.
Required aggregate volumes must be carefully calculated prior to extraction to prevent wastage.
Pits and quarries should not be located near surface waters, forested areas, critical habitat for wildlife, or cultural objects and landmarks.
If aggregate quarrying from
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
41
Table 12: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Component/Activity
Potential Environmental Impacts
Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities
Cost Estimates
Implementation Monitor
fluvial environments is required small streams and rivers should be used, and dry alluvial plains preferred.
All topsoil and overburden removed should be stockpiled for later restoration.
All borrow pits and quarries should have a fence perimeter with signage to keep public away.
After use pits and quarries should be dewatered and permanent fences installed with signage to keep public out, and restored as much as possible using original overburden and topsoil.
Unstable slope conditions in/adjacent to the quarry or pit caused by the extractions should be rectified with tree planting.
Define & schedule how materials are extracted from borrow pits and rock quarries, transported, and handled & stored at sites.
Define and schedule how fabricated materials such as steel, wood structures, and scaffolding will be transported and handled.
All aggregate loads on trucks should be covered.
Clearing and removal of obstructions
Damage landscape Restrict vegetation removal to within RoWs.
The contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works, including but not limited to the extent practicable shall ensure that fuels other than wood are used for cooking.
Within RoWs, minimize land cover removals, and install protective physical barriers around trees.
All RoWs to be re-vegetated and landscaped after construction completed.
Consult PENRO/CENRO to determine the most successful restoration strategy and techniques.
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
Soil erosion High suspended solid contents of river, sedimentation.
Berms, and plastic sheet fencing should be placed around all excavations and earthwork areas.
Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods.
Maintain a stockpile of topsoil for immediate site restoration following backfilling.
Protect exposed or cut slopes with planted vegetation and have a slope stabilization protocol ready.
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
42
Table 12: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Component/Activity
Potential Environmental Impacts
Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities
Cost Estimates
Implementation Monitor
Re-vegetate all soil exposure areas immediately after work is completed.
minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation,
prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary drainage as soon as practicable after cutting, and
If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours.
Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road
Degradation of terrestrial and aquatic resources, and decreased water quality
All construction sites should be located away from forested or plantation areas as much as possible.
All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas.
No waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations.
Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion.
Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods.
All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled with extra care away from surface waters.
No waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters.
No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters.
Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters.
No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses.
No aggregate mining from rivers or lakes.
Minimize the use of heavy equipment at steep slopes.
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
Civil works (Concrete Pavement)
Air pollution, land and water contamination, and traffic & access problems,
All construction sites should be located away from forested or plantation areas as much as possible.
All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas.
No waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations.
Protective berms, plastic sheet fencing, or silt curtains should be placed between all earthworks and nearby surface waters.
Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion.
Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods.
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
43
Table 12: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Component/Activity
Potential Environmental Impacts
Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities
Cost Estimates
Implementation Monitor
All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled with extra care away from surface waters.
No waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters.
No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters.
Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters.
No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses.
No aggregate mining from rivers or lakes.
Implementation of noise and dust control measure
Noise, Dust, Air Pollution
Regularly apply wetting agents to exposed soil and construction roads.
Cover or keep moist all stockpiles of construction aggregates, and all truckloads of aggregates.
Minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed. Backfill immediately after work is completed.
As much as possible, restrict working time between 07:00 and 17:00, in particular, activities such as pile driving, etc.
Maintain equipment in proper working condition
Replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery.
Vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use.
Construct temporary noise barriers.
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
Dust and noise from borrow pits
Noise, Dust provision of noise control measures to comply with national standards, watering of the earth roads close to the settlements, use covered truck,
secure appropriate environmental permits,
the borrow and material dumping sites must be access controlled to keep away unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and any other stray animals, and
protective gear like ear plugs will be provided to operating personnel if they are exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits.
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
Implementation of spoil management and control measure
Contamination of land and surface waters from excavated spoil, and construction waste
Uncontaminated spoil to be disposed of in government –designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface waters. Designated sites must be clearly marked and identified.
Spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
44
Table 12: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Component/Activity
Potential Environmental Impacts
Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities
Cost Estimates
Implementation Monitor
important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature.
Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries or borrow pits.
A record of type, estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded.
Uncontaminated spoil to be disposed of in government –designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface waters. Designated sites must be clearly marked and identified.
Spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature.
Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries or borrow pits.
A record of type, estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded.
Contaminated spoil disposal must follow government regulations including handling, transport, treatment (if necessary), and disposal.
Suspected contaminated soil must be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.
Before treatment or disposal contaminated spoil must be covered with plastic and isolated from all human activity.
Solid and liquid construction waste management system
Contamination of land and surface waters from construction waste
Management of general solid and liquid waste of construction will follow government regulations to include covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force.
Disposal areas for solid and liquid waste must be determined by the government.
Disposal of waste should be catalogued for type, estimated weigh, and source.
Construction sites should have large garbage bins.
A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal must be established and followed that ensures construction sites are as clean as possible.
Solid waste should be separated and recyclables be sold to buyers in the community.
Hazardous Waste
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
45
Table 12: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Component/Activity
Potential Environmental Impacts
Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities
Cost Estimates
Implementation Monitor
Collection, storage, transport, and disposal of hazardous waste such as used oils, gasoline, paint, and other toxics must follow government regulations.
Wastes should be separated (e.g., hydrocarbons, batteries, paints, organic solvents)
Wastes must be stored above ground in closed, well labeled, ventilated plastic bins in good condition, away from construction activity areas, all surface water, water supplies, and cultural and ecological sensitive receptors.
All spills must be cleaned up completely with all contaminated soil removed and handled with by contaminated spoil sub-plan.
Construction drainage system
Loss of drainage and rain water natural channels
Provide adequate short-term drainage away from construction sites to prevent ponding and flooding.
Prevent borrow pits and quarries to be filled with water. Pump periodically to infiltration areas or nearby water courses.
Install temporary storm drains or ditches for construction sites
Ensure connections among surface waters (ponds, streams) are maintained or enhanced to sustain existing storm water storage capacity.
Protect surface waters from silt and eroded soil.
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
Water quality Water and soil Set up proper and adequate sanitary facilities,
Ensure strict observance of proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers,
Provide wastewater treatment facility (e.g., septic tank), and
Trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation tanks.
The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall 1) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground
Contractor SPMU PPMO
Part of the Contractor’s contract
46
Table 12: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Component/Activity
Potential Environmental Impacts
Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities
Cost Estimates
Implementation Monitor
water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.
Implement construction drainage system
Loss of drainage and rain water natural channels
Provide adequate short-term drainage away from construction sites to prevent ponding and flooding.
Prevent borrow pits and quarries to be filled with water. Pump periodically to infiltration areas or nearby water courses.
Install temporary storm drains or ditches for construction sites
Ensure connections among surface waters (ponds, streams) are maintained or enhanced to sustain existing storm water storage capacity.
Protect surface waters from silt and eroded soil.
Contractor SPMU
PPMO
Part of the Contractor’s contract
Workers health, safety and hygiene
Land and people proper fencing, protective barriers, and buffer zones should be provided around all construction sites,
sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed,
worker and public safety guidelines should be followed,
provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites,
the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women,
standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in,
worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers,
appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers,
adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction site,
drinking water must be provided at all construction sites,
sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and
all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed.
Contractor SPMU
PPMO
Part of the Contractor’s contract
Traffic safety and management
Road accidents Throughout the construction period, the contractor should ensure that affected people are provided adequate and safe access to properties (structures, land, etc.). All construction vehicles observe speed
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
47
Table 12: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Component/Activity
Potential Environmental Impacts
Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities
Cost Estimates
Implementation Monitor
limits on the construction sites and to provide adequate signage, barriers, and flag persons for traffic control. Sign postings such as ‘men working’, ‘Keep left/right’, ‘construction ahead’, and ‘speed limit’, should be used for traffic management and road safety. As much as possible, road works will be confined to one half of the road width at each section to provide access to pedestrian and vehicles during construction works.
Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna)
Minor vegetation loss
Construction vehicles will operate within the corridor of impact to avoid damaging soil and vegetation.
Avoid soil compaction around trees. Generally the rule will be to avoid driving heavy equipment or trucks anywhere into the 'drip-line' of a tree.
In case, no trees will be removed without prior approval of concerned government agency.
The contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works.
No work camps will be located in ecologically sensitive sites such as protected and conservation areas, or densely vegetated site.
Workers shall be prohibited from hunting/trapping wildlife.
Contractor LGU of Pilar /
WMPCO PPMO
Part of the contractor’s contract
Damaged to properties Land The contractor will immediately repair and/or compensate for any damage that it causes to properties (houses, farmlands, aquaculture ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply, communication facilities and the like. Access roads used for transport of construction materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre-project condition for the duration of construction.
Contractor SPMU
PPMO
Part of the Contractor’s contract
Concrete washout Soil and water contamination
The Contractor shall 1) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.
Contractor SPMU
PPMO
Part of the Contractor’s contract
Use of Hazardous Substances
People, land and water
Vehicle maintenance and refueling will be confined to areas in construction sites designed (with concrete flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned government agency and following national regulations. Adequate
Contractor SPMU
PPMO
Part of the Contractor’s contract
48
Table 12: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan
Project Component/Activity
Potential Environmental Impacts
Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities
Cost Estimates
Implementation Monitor
precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations such as fire, spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas.
Public safety People installation of sturdy fencing around excavation areas and construction sites,
provision of proper signage and lighting at night at the periphery of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and pedestrians,
deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access,
imposition of speed limits for construction vehicles along residential areas and where there are other sensitive receptors, and
orientation of drivers on safe driving practices to minimize accidents and to prevent spill of hazardous substances and other construction materials during transport.
Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase
Operation of upgraded access road
Increased risk of accident or injury, air pollution and noise. Obstruction of run-off along drainage canals causing run-off overflow leading to erosion of the road Exploitation of natural resources in the area Unplanned urbanization Increased delivery of agricultural products Tourism
Set speed limit when passing through populated area
Provide appropriate warning signs and lighting
Regular removal of debris, logs and other materials along drainage canals to avoid clogging
Regular vegetation control along run-off area to ensure free flow
Ensure that existing environmental management policies are effectively implemented and proper coordination involves different agencies.
Adherence to land use and zoning regulations
Promote tourism in the area through advertisement from the local and nationwide venue.
LGU of Pilar WMPCO PPMO DENR
Part of the proponents obligation
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C. Environmental Monitoring
167. Table 13 presents the environmental monitoring activities to be undertaken during various project phases. Monitoring of the contractor’s environmental performance in terms of implementation of mitigation measures during construction phases shall be undertaken by the community at the barangay level, and SSE. The ESS shall be assisted by TA-PMIC in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports. Such report will be submitted by the proponent to ADB and will be publicly disclosed on ADB’s website. The monitoring reports shall describe in detail the status of EMP implementation and compliance issues as well as corrective actions, if any.
168. The ESS during project implementation will be required organize a community level environmental monitoring. Prior to commencement of site works, the ESS and SSS shall undertake consultations with affected residents, barangay and/or officials to encourage them to participate in the community level environmental monitoring program. The locals shall be allowed to freely participate during the environmental monitoring to be conducted by the LGU together with SSS and ESS. The SSE, ESS and WMPCO shall provide orientation on how to undertake monitoring using the Environmental Monitoring Framework shown below:
COMMUNITY LEVEL CONSTRUCTION MONITORING FORM
Sub-project Name:
Location:
Reporting Period:
Impact/ Mitigation Measures Compliance Attained (Yes, No,
or Partial)
Comment on Reasons for Partial or Non-Compliance
1
2
3
Recommendation/s:
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Signature:
Date:
Table 13. Environmental Monitoring Plan
Activities Location Means of Monitoring
Frequency of Monitoring
Responsible Unit
Monitoring Cost
Pre-Construction
Completion of the Sub-Project Documents
Final location of the subproject
Review of the SPD Prior to issuance of NOL
SPMO, WMPCO, PPCO with SSS and ESS, ADB
INREMP Project Cost
Completion of detailed engineering design in accordance with EMP requirements
Final location of the subproject
Review of detailed design documentation
Prior to approval of detailed design
SPMO, WMPCO, PPCO with SSS and ESS, ADB
INREMP Project Cost
Completion of social and environmental safeguards
Final location of the subproject
Confirm IEE report and disclosed to the public
Prior to issuance of NOL
SPMO, WMPCO, PPCO with SSS and ESS, ADB
INREMP Project Cost
Establishment of grievance redress mechanism
Final location of the subproject
Confirm GRM is established and disclosed to the public
Prior to start of site works
SPMO, WMPCO, PPCO with SSS and ESS
INREMP Project Cost
Construction
Implementation of construction phase environmental mitigation measures specified in IEE EMP
As indicated in IEE EMP Table 23 for specific mitigation measures (e.g., subproject road, borrow sites, construction/ workers’ camps, air and noise, water contamination and others)
Site visit, ocular inspections, interviews with local residents, coordination with concerned barangay/s
Monthly and as part of regular project supervision Random checks and to validate complaints
SPMU, WMPCO, PPMO, NCIP with SSS and ESS
INREMP Project Cost
169. The NPCO shall submit the following environmental reporting documentation to ADB:
Environmental Monitoring Reports. Semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by NPCO to ADB. The report, which will be prepared by ESS with assistance for TA-PMIC, will provide the following information:
Background/Context of the monitoring report (adequate information on the project, including physical implementation progress of project activities, scope of monitoring report, reporting period, and the monitoring requirements including frequency of submission as agreed upon);
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Compliance with applicable government laws, regulations and requirements;
Changes in project scope and adjusted safeguard measures, if applicable;
Monitoring parameters/indicators and methods based on the monitoring plan/program in the EMP;
Monitoring results compared against the objectives of safeguards or desired outcomes documented (e.g. environmental impacts avoided or minimized, etc.);
If noncompliance or any major gaps identified, include a corrective action plan;
Records on disclosure of monitoring information to affected communities;
Summary of environmental mitigations and compensation measures implemented;
Identification of key issues, or complaints from affected people, or recommendations for improvement;
Monitoring adjustment measures recommended based on monitoring experience/trends and stakeholders response;
Information about actual institutional arrangement for implementing the monitoring program/plan provided or adjusted, as may be required;
Proposed items of focus for the next report and due date.
Project Completion Report. One (1) year after completion of the construction, the NPCO through its ESS shall submit a Project Completion Report which will include the overall environmental performance of the Sub-project.
IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A. Conclusion
170. The present IEE reviewed the general environmental profile of the subproject, covering about 5.48 km roads and screened them to assess potential impacts. The IEE found that no major negative environmental impacts are likely to occur due to the construction activities and normal operations after the proposed rehabilitation. Implementation of appropriate mitigation measures during construction and operation phases will minimize the negative impacts of the Project to acceptable levels. To ensure that these mitigation measures are implemented and negative impacts avoided, the measures will be included in the civil works bid and contract specifications of the Project.
171. Rural infrastructures like roads, arguably are vital structures needed to spur economic development in Pilar, Bohol, with full potentials and opportunities owing to its varied development zones and natural resources.
172. The Rehabilitation of the Access Road projects for one shall be a crucial infrastructure for uplifting the quality of life of the people by providing an all-year-round easy and affordable access, improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities, and supporting the NRM project activities of the constituents, thus supporting the developing economy of Pilar, and cascading benefits to the entire province.
173. Hence, the Project will have overall beneficial impact and will have minor negative impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through implementation of the EMP.
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174. The main goal of the project is to support the NRM activities of POs. However, the end goal of the sub-project is to provide an all-year-round easy and affordable access thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities and conditions and uplifts the quality of life of the inhabitants, especially the constituents.
175. The project will have a direct benefit of savings in transportation cost of agricultural and non - agricultural products, savings of passenger transportation expense and increase Net Value Added from the agricultural production as more farmlands will be utilized due to access to market and trade and the corollary increase in agricultural productivity growth, because of the availability of appropriate technologies to farmers. In addition, indirect benefits will also be experienced especially to people who are near the project site. Some of the indirect benefits are: creation of jobs in the influence areas, improved economic situation of the influence barangays, good transportation for all women and children in going to public premises like schools, market and hospitals, and increased farm produce and increase number of cultivated lands near the road.
176. The performance indicators that the project will be effective to the influence area are on socioeconomic, agricultural and environmental specifically reduce transportation cost, high agricultural traffic savings in transportation cost and high Non-Agricultural traffic savings in transportation cost. Whereas, performance indicators that the project will be effective to the NRM site will be increase production of farmlands, increase number of hectares cultivated lands and easier access to transport inputs from market to farm
177. The Rehabilitation of Access Road (Lundag-San Vicente and Lundag Proper-Cogonon). The Rehabilitation of Access Road (Lundag to San Vicente and Lundag Proper to Cogonon) will boost the economic activities of the influence area which is currently experiencing stagnation due mainly to inaccessibility. With the project, socio-economic services will be easier not only for the public sector but also to private and semi-private providers. This will entice the community to gradually eliminate economic activities in the Forest Protection Zone, and instead, concentrating their activities in the Forest Production Zone of the WMA. In this way, the people will become the guardian of the natural resources of the upper slopes of the WMA guaranteeing stable supply of water and other natural resources in the lower portion of the watershed.
B. Recommendations
178. Regular monitoring by the LGU staff (engineering office) to make sure that the provisions in the contract are followed by the contractor;
179. Involvement of the PO/IP and barangay officials in monitoring and evaluation to make sure that mitigating measures as stated in the EMP are implemented by the contractor;
180. Regular maintenance of the rehabilitated road in order to prolong its service to the community;
181. The proposed road rehabilitation project will indeed enhance the economic opportunities and environmental conditions of the influence barangays, thus deserves support.
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54
APPENDICES
55
Appendix 1. Water Quality Tests for the Wahig-Pamacsan Rivers
Parameter Sampling Station 1
Sampling Station 2
Sampling Station 3
Sampling Station 4
Sampling Station 5
Sampling Station 6
Temperature
Result
Wet 30 30 28 31 29 32
Dry 30 30 30 31 30 31
DENR Standard (max. rise
of 3°C based on
the Aver. Of the)
Wet
Passed
passed
passed
passed
passed
passed
Dry
Passed
passed
passed
passed
passed
passed
pH (range)
Result
Wet 8.16 8.14 8.15 7.93 7.82 8.13
Dry 8.06 8.25 8.07 8.43 7.99 7.87
Condition
Wet basic basic basic basic basic basic
Dry basic basic basic basic basic basic
DENR Standard (6.0-9.0)
Wet passed passed passed passed passed passed
Dry passed passed passed passed passed passed
Total Dissolved
Solids (mg/L)
Result
Wet 215 229 187 185 274 185
Dry 280 243 340 166 346 373
DENR Standard (1,000)
Wet passed passed passed passed passed passed
Dry passed passed passed passed passed passed
Total Suspended
Solids (mg/L)
Result
Dry
20 2.0 1.2 33 44 3.6
DENR Standard (Not more than 60 mg/L
increase)
Dry passed passed passed passed passed passed
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L)
Result
Dry
6.5 7.8 6.1 7.4 7.3 8.9
DENR Standard
(40) Dry passed passed passed passed passed passed
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L)
Result
Dry
<2.0 <2.0 <2.0 2.2 <2.0 2.1
DENR Standard
(10) Dry passed passed passed passed passed passed
Chromium VI (mg/L)
Result
Dry
<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
DENR Standard
(10) Dry passed passed passed passed passed passed
Lead mg/L
Result
Dry
<0.027 <0.027 <0.027 <0.027 <0.027 <0.027
DENR Standard
(10) Dry passed passed passed passed passed passed
Cadmium mg/L
Result
Dry
<0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005
DENR Standard
(0.05) Dry passed passed passed passed passed passed
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Appendix 2: Certificate of Ancestral Domain Claim
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Appendix 3. Public Consultation with INREMP RI Subproject Beneficiaries of San Vicente, Pilar
PUBLIC CONSULTATION WITH INREMP RI SUBPROJECT BENEFICIARIES OF SAN VICENTE, PILAR
July 7, 2017
HIGHLIGHTS Preliminaries
Venue San Vicente Barangay Hall, San Vicente, Pilar, Bohol Participants In attendance were:
Residents of barangay San Vicente
PPMO (RIE, WMO, TEO)
CESM (PA)
LGU LCE, MPDC, ME, and LGU staff See attached attendance sheet
Facilitator/s Engr. Lily Villones, Engr. Walter Boloyos, and Mr. Romeo Teruel Prayer Kagawad Nestor Rodriguez Opening remarks Mr. Armando Hibalo, PO Treasurer Message/s Punong barangay Nicomedes Lusica encouraged the participants to actively participate
in the consultation. Consultation Highlights
Purpose of activity Engr. Villones explained that the consultation aims to identify the anticipated issues and concern before, during, and after subproject implementation and solicit measures on resolving such concerns.
Profile of the subproject
Engr. Diosdado Ballli, Municipal Engineer, presented the DED of proposed subproject. Rehabilitation of Lundag to San Vicente Access Road
3.5m carriage way. 2m shouldering (1m each side). This roadway width was strongly recommended in order to avoid cutting some trees located along the road.
700m to be concreted, the rest gravelled. Only critical (steep) portions will be concreted.
Other works: slope masonry, minimal excavation, and fill.
Estimated subproject cost: P15,724, 579 Social Safeguards
Involuntary resettlement
Mr. Teruel asked if there are homes and/or farms that may be displaced because of the proposed RI subprojects, particularly the access roads. PB Lusica confirmed there is none since the road has long been existing. The participants affirmed no involuntary resettlement and economic displacement that may result from the subproject.
Gender sensitivity Mr. Teruel asked what roles women will assume during RI subproject implementation. Based from the community’s experience with KALAHI-CIDSS, women could haul light materials, assist in mixing the cement, clean up wastes, prepare meals for the labourers, among others.
GRM The People’s Organization has an existing Grievance Committee. Complaints specific to INREMP RIE should be forwarded to PPMO RIE thru the WMPCO. There is a Grievance Committee at the PENRO level.
Message from the Mayor
Mayor Necitas Cubrado informed the participants that estimated cost for the 3 LGU proposed RI subproject is roughly 30M. The LGU’s proposed subprojects are (1) Rehabilitation of Lundag to San Vicente Access Road, (2) Rehabilitation of Lundag Proper to Sitio Cogonon Access Road, and (3) Rehabilitation of Lundag Level II Water System. She encouraged the participants to actively participate in INREMP activities. She added that during the pre-bid conference, she would suggest to the contractors to consider hiring labourers from the barangay. For the livelihood component, she suggested vegetable processing like squash noodles and raising native chicken.
Impacts pre-, during, post-implementation
Perceived benefits from the subproject
The following are the responses of the participants when asked what benefits they’re expecting to gain from the subproject:
Better road condition
Transport of agricultural produce to the market
Easier travel for students
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Better access to healthcare
Reduction of fare
Additional public utility vehicles
Reduction of maintenance costs of vehicles Consultation proper (pre-, during, post- construction)
Dialogue focused on the impacts of subproject implementation – pre-construction, construction, and post-construction phases – as identified by the residents. Pre-construction phase:
This phase would involve the delivery of construction materials, arrival of heavy equipment and skilled and unskilled workers. The participants see no problem with this phase.
Construction phase:
This phase involves the base preparation, gravelling and concreting of critical sections of the access road.
A participant expressed her concern that road rehabilitation would make the road temporarily impassable. PB Lusica assured that alternative routes would be in place.
The participants see no problem with the noise in the project site. Post-construction phase:
Gravel roads are typically slippery during rainy season and dusty during dry season.
Better road condition might result to reckless driving. A participant suggested putting up speed limit.
For maintenance, BLGU has annual allocation for road maintenance.
A participant asked if carabao carts (locally known as balsa), which is the common mode of transport of produce, could pass through the road since these carts could easily get stuck in soft surfaces such as gravel. PB Lusica suggested to install wheels on these carts.
Closing Remarks Engr. Joseph Anania, MPDC, Pilar-LGU Prepared by: Attested by: Katleen P. Manlangit Lily M. Villones
Project Assistant, CESM RIE – Designate, PPMO
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ATTENDANCE SHEETS
60
61
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Appendix 4. Public Consultation with INREMP RI Subproject Beneficiaries of Lundag, Pilar
PUBLIC CONSULTATION WITH INREMP RI SUBPROJECT BENEFICIARIES OF LUNDAG, PILAR
July 7, 2017
HIGHLIGHTS Preliminaries Venue Lundag Barangay Hall, Lundag, PIlar, Bohol Participants In attendance were:
Residents of barangay Lundag
PPMO (RIE, WMO, TEO)
CESM (PA)
LGU LCE, MPDC, ME, MAO and LGU staff See attached attendance sheet
Facilitator/s Engr. Lily Villones, Engr. Walter Boloyos, and Mr. Romeo Teruel Prayer Singing of Hymns
Opening remarks
Punong Barangay Epifanio Carias He presented the three major agenda of the special Barangay Assembly – (1) INREMP RI consultation, (2) KALAHI-CIDSS updates, and (3) solid waste management.
Message Mayor Necitas Cubrado requested consistent support and participation not only in LGU activities but INREMP and KALAHI-CIDSS activities as well. She assured everyone that the proposed INREMP RI subproject will be implemented soon. LGU’s equity to INREMP has also been appropriated.
Consultation Highlights Purpose of activity
Engr. Villones explained that the consultation seeks to identify the anticipated issues and concern before, during, and after RI subproject implementation and solicit ideas on ways to resolve these concerns.
Profile of the subproject
Engr. Diosdado Ballli, Municipal Engineer, presented the engineering design of the proposed access roads. Design was based on the findings of the site validation conducted by the NPCO. 2 access roads proposed to be rehabilitated – Lundag-San Vicente Access Road and Lundag Proper-Sitio Cogonon Access Road. Rehabilitation of San Vicente to Lundag Access Road
3.5m carriage way. 2m shouldering (1m each side). This roadway width was strongly recommended in order to avoid cutting some trees located along the road.
Road sections with 12m+ slope gradient will be concreted. Flat sections will be gravelled.
Only 700m to be concreted.
Other works: slope masonry, minimal excavation, and fill.
Estimated subproject cost: P15,724, 579 Rehabilitation of Lundag Proper to Sitio Cogonon Access Road
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Major works: minimal excavation, embankment, 160m concrete & the rest gravel, 2 culverts.
2km road length.
From Station 0 to Station 1100, carriage way is 3 meters, with 1 meter shouldering (0.5m each side). From 1100m onwards, carriage way is 2m, with 1 meter shouldering (o.5m each side). This is again to avoid cutting the trees located relatively close to the road.
Social Safeguards IR Mr. Teruel asked if there are homes and/or farms that may be displaced
because of the proposed RI subprojects, particularly the access roads. The participants affirmed that there will be no involuntary resettlement and economic displacement that may result from the subproject implementation since the roads have long been opened.
Gender sensitivity
Mr. Teruel asked what roles women will assume during RI subproject implementation. Citing their experiences with their KALAHI subprojects, the women would also assist in actual subproject implementation by preparing snacks for labourers, hauling light materials, cleaning up wastes, among others.
Presentation of IPP
Mr. Teruel presented the salient features of the IP Plan of Eskaya – background information of the Eskaya, including history of the tribe, CADC area; water resources; ecotourism sites, land use and zoning, forest protection and rehabilitation, settlement areas, resource use, harvesting and hunting, conflict management, policy on non-IP within the CADC area, capacity-building, organizational management, project management, financial management, and benefit sharing. After the brief presentation, Mr. Teruel asked the residents for confirmation of the stipulations of the IP Plan. The residents affirmed the Plan.
Impacts pre-, during, post-implementation Perceived benefits from the subproject
Facilitated by Engr. Boloyos. The following are the responses of the participants when asked what benefits they’re expecting to gain from the subproject:
Easier and faster transport of produce to the town center
Monitoring and maintenance of NRM subprojects
Poverty reduction
Reduction of maintenance costs of vehicle e.g. motorcycle Consultation proper (pre-, during, post- construction)
Dialogue focused on the impacts of subproject implementation – pre-construction, construction, and post-construction phases – as identified by the residents. Pre-construction phase:
The participants expressed no concern with regard the entry of heavy equipment and arrival of labourers.
The participants expressed no concern with regard the identification of route of distribution lines
Construction phase: On proposed access roads:
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PB Carias asked isn’t 3.5m too narrow for a road. Engr. Balili reiterated that INREMP is trying to minimize adverse social and environmental impacts that may arise from of the Project. Engr. Villones added that as per validation, the existing roadway is only 4m and INREMP prohibits road expansion.
A participant suggested concreting the road sections near Lundag proper instead of the mid-sections since most residents reside in Lundag proper. Engr. Balili explained that only the critical portions are prioritized for concreting.
Post-construction phase:
On maintenance of access roads, the MLGU will soon be procuring equipment for maintenance of barangay roads, including Lundag-San Vicente and Lundag proper – Sitio Cogonon access roads.
Other concern A participant shared that the Lundag Proper – Sitio Cogonon access road proposed to be rehabilitated does not end at Sitio Cogonon proper. There is roughly 3km, in addition to the 2km proposed access road, to be traversed. He then suggested omitting the concrete works of the subproject and realign the fund for concreting to rehabilitated, perhaps gravelling, the remaining 3km. Engr. Villones explained that INREMP funds, so much so LGU counterpart, are limited. Engr. Balili added that as per site validation, there were also trees and wildlings alongside the remaining 3km road section that may be adversely affected if the subproject would extend to reach Sitio Cogonon proper.
Closing Remarks
Engr. Anania
Prepared by: Attested by: Katleen P. Manlangit Lily M. Villones Project Assistant, CESM RIE – Designate, PPMO
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PHOTO DOCUMENTATION
Figure 1. Participants of the consultation.
Figure 2. Engr.. Balili presents the
scope of works for the proposed
rehabilitation of Lundag-Cantaub
access road
Figure 3. Mr. Teruel explains the
social safeguards requirements of
INREMP
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ATTENDANCE SHEETS
67
68
69
Appendix 5. Resolution of Support from Barangay Council and Lundag Eskaya Tribe
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Appendix 6. SB Resolution Affirming Support and Authorizing the Mayor
71
72
Appendix 7. Grievance Intake Form
Name of Project, Subproject and Location
Project (indicate name of project) welcomes complaints, suggestions, comments and queries regarding the project implementation and its stakeholders. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback. Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing "(CONFIDENTIAL)" above your name. Thank you.
Contact Information
Name Gender □ Male □ Female
Home Address
Age
Phone No.
City/Province Email
Complaint/Suggestion/Comment/Question Please provide the details (who, what, where and how) of your grievance below:
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How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?
Portion to be filled in by PPCO staff (designated Grievance Redress Mechanism Officer):
Date received:
Received through:
__ In person __ mail __ email __ fax __ phone __ sms
Name of staff who received comment/ complaint
Position of staff:
Type of Grievance:
Remarks
Signature of staff
Updates on the case: Date: Update Updated by (Name, Signature and Designation)
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