Innovations In Wired Innovations In Wired And Wireless USBAnd Wireless USB

Fred BhesaniaFred BhesaniaProgram ManagerProgram ManagerWindows Device Experience GroupWindows Device Experience GroupMicrosoft CorporationMicrosoft Corporation

AgendaAgenda

Recent USB InnovationsRecent USB Innovations

USB Advances in Windows VistaUSB Advances in Windows Vista

Wireless USB TrendsWireless USB Trends

Wireless USB Support on WindowsWireless USB Support on Windows

Market ConvergenceMarket Convergence

Broadcast

ConsumerConsumerElectronicsElectronics

Personal ComputingPersonal Computing

Internet

MobileMobileMultimediaMultimedia

USB Landscape And TrendsUSB Landscape And TrendsMost widely used PC peripheral interfaceMost widely used PC peripheral interface

Installed base is over 2 billion units and growingInstalled base is over 2 billion units and growing

Adoption virtually 100% in most PC and peripheral categoriesAdoption virtually 100% in most PC and peripheral categories

Rapidly penetrating Mobile and CE markets; Also being used for chargingRapidly penetrating Mobile and CE markets; Also being used for charging

Certified Wireless USB adopting the successes of wired USB to keep progressCertified Wireless USB adopting the successes of wired USB to keep progress

Amendments to spec to allow dual-role devices as well as inter-chip USBAmendments to spec to allow dual-role devices as well as inter-chip USB

800

Number of Wired USB Products Shipped Number of Wired USB Products Shipped per Year (Millions)per Year (Millions)

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

PCs Peripherals Consumer Electronics

Over 2 Billion units in the installed base today,

growing to 3.5 Billion by 2006

Source: Cahners In-Stat Group, 2002Source: Cahners In-Stat Group, 2002

“USB is the most successful interface in the history of the PC”Source: Brian O’Rourke/Instat-MDR

Source: In-Stat/MDR Group, 2004

Wired USB Attach Rates for Key Wired USB Attach Rates for Key Peripheral Device TypesPeripheral Device Types

USB enabled by ‘06USB enabled by ‘06

96%96%

USB enabled by ‘06USB enabled by ‘06

External Storage

95%95% USB enabled by ‘06USB enabled by ‘06

95+%95+%

Digital CamerasCamcorders

USB Enhancements In Windows USB Enhancements In Windows USB continues to grow and evolve so what's USB continues to grow and evolve so what's new in Windows Vista and beyond?new in Windows Vista and beyond?

WinUSB and WDFWinUSB and WDFSimpler APIs/DDIs in Kernel andSimpler APIs/DDIs in Kernel andnow USER; available down levelnow USER; available down level

Power Management UpdatesPower Management UpdatesSelective Suspend update andSelective Suspend update andability to turn individual ports offability to turn individual ports off

Developer DocsDeveloper DocsTons of new content on USBTons of new content on USBin WDKin WDK

Group Policy for DevicesGroup Policy for Devices

Give IT managers ability to controlGive IT managers ability to controltype of devices that attach to PCstype of devices that attach to PCs

ReadyBoostTM and USBReadyBoostTM and USBAbility to boost system performanceAbility to boost system performanceusing USB storage devicesusing USB storage devices

Kernel DebuggingKernel Debugging

Debug system using USB2Debug system using USB2debug cabledebug cable

USB Storage enhancementsUSB Storage enhancementsImproved performance, powerImproved performance, powersavings and management featuressavings and management features

USB Perf CountersUSB Perf Counters

Integration of USB countersIntegration of USB countersin PerfMonin PerfMon

Wireless USB*Wireless USB*Ability to use wired USB software and Ability to use wired USB software and experiences wirelessly; fast to marketexperiences wirelessly; fast to market

More to follow…More to follow…

* Wireless USB is not in Windows Vista, but is being developed to run on Windows Vista* Wireless USB is not in Windows Vista, but is being developed to run on Windows Vista

Kernel Mode Driver Foundation (KMDF)Kernel Mode Driver Foundation (KMDF)

MotivationMotivationToo manyToo many

Rules that every WDM driver Rules that every WDM driver must implementmust implement

Behaviors to get rightBehaviors to get right

Details to effectively testDetails to effectively test

In the end, not easy to get rightIn the end, not easy to get right

SolutionSolutionEncapsulate hard problems Encapsulate hard problems into one locationinto one location

Provide a solution which has known Provide a solution which has known good behaviorgood behavior

LegendIHV or ISV Component

Microsoft New Component

UU

KK

Device

Driver WDF.SYS

Application

UMDF making significant strides, when you don’t need to be in Kernel

WinUSB ArchitectureWinUSB Architecture

Kernel mode SYS driver handlesKernel mode SYS driver handlesComplex logging and I/OComplex logging and I/O

Power management Power management

PnP events, etc.PnP events, etc.

User mode DLL exposes User mode DLL exposes Simpler USER Mode APISimpler USER Mode API

Incorrect implementation leads to Incorrect implementation leads to application hang/crash (not PC crash)application hang/crash (not PC crash)

Solutions like HID are inefficient Solutions like HID are inefficient (need special H/W)(need special H/W)

IHVs don’t want/need to be experts IHVs don’t want/need to be experts in complex driver modelsin complex driver models

Due to DDC 2005 feedback, downlevel Due to DDC 2005 feedback, downlevel being considered in late 2006!being considered in late 2006!

Application

KK

UU

Device

WinUSB. DLL

WinUSB.SYS

Existing USB Stack

LegendIHV or ISV Component

New Microsoft Components

Existing Microsoft Components

Should IHV use WinUSB or WDF? (See appendix)

Power Management Enhancements Power Management Enhancements

Power Management is now more reliable in Windows VistaPower Management is now more reliable in Windows VistaSelective Suspend (SS) – an individual USB port is suspendedSelective Suspend (SS) – an individual USB port is suspended

Old DDI for Selective Suspend still workOld DDI for Selective Suspend still work

Selective Suspend is integrated with power managementSelective Suspend is integrated with power management

Global Suspend – a USB controller is suspendedGlobal Suspend – a USB controller is suspendedCPU can drop to C3 once all controllers suspendedCPU can drop to C3 once all controllers suspended

Remote wake handlingRemote wake handlingPorts can be separately armed for wake on connect/disconnectPorts can be separately armed for wake on connect/disconnect

Device driver IRP_MN_WAIT_WAKE indicate which device Device driver IRP_MN_WAIT_WAKE indicate which device generated remote wake signalinggenerated remote wake signaling

We did not stop thereWe did not stop thereAdditional support for multi-config devicesAdditional support for multi-config devices

Faster resume from suspendFaster resume from suspend

LOTS of documentation in Windows Vista WDK! LOTS of documentation in Windows Vista WDK!

USB Performance CountersUSB Performance Counters

Windows Vista Windows Vista introduces introduces ways to trackways to trackUSB performance USB performance counterscounters

Host Controller CountersHost Controller Counters% Bandwidth used for Isoc, Bulk, % Bandwidth used for Isoc, Bulk, Interrupt ControlInterrupt Control

Average latency for ISOC devicesAverage latency for ISOC devices

PCI Interrupts per secondPCI Interrupts per second

Device Specific CountersDevice Specific CountersBandwidth per endpoint Bandwidth per endpoint measured (Mbps)measured (Mbps)

ReadyBoost™ And USBReadyBoost™ And USB

Get the benefits of adding more RAM, Get the benefits of adding more RAM, now by using USB Mass Storage devicesnow by using USB Mass Storage devices

Disk sizeDisk size Read Read throughputthroughput

Write Write throughputthroughput

Minimal Minimal requirementrequirement

256 MB free 256 MB free spacespace 2.5 MBps2.5 MBps 1.5 Mps1.5 Mps

Logo Logo requirementrequirement

Device > Device > 500 MB500 MB 5 MBps5 MBps 3 MBps3 MBps

* These are still raw and subject to change during Windows Vista pre-release validation* These are still raw and subject to change during Windows Vista pre-release validation

Device Installation ManagementDevice Installation Management

GoalsGoalsReduce cost of ownership Reduce cost of ownership

Mitigate against data theftMitigate against data theft

Two deliverables for IT Pro customerTwo deliverables for IT Pro customer““Group Policy for Device Installation”Group Policy for Device Installation”

Per machine Per machine

Can be specified by device setup class Can be specified by device setup class and/or HWIDand/or HWID

““Group Policy for Removable Storage Group Policy for Removable Storage Device Usage”Device Usage”

Allow different users on same machineAllow different users on same machineto get different rightsto get different rights

USB devices without serial number are second class citizens for such scenarios

Windows Vista Changes Windows Vista Changes Impacting IHVsImpacting IHVs

Here are some areas to keep in mind Here are some areas to keep in mind as they may impact IHVs developing as they may impact IHVs developing USB devicesUSB devices

Driver installation changes and enhancementsDriver installation changes and enhancements

User Account Protection User Account Protection (UAP…used to be LUA)(UAP…used to be LUA)

WDK related changes/updatesWDK related changes/updates

Windows Logo program requirementsWindows Logo program requirements

Certified Wireless USBCertified Wireless USB

Jeff RavencraftJeff RavencraftPresident & Chairman USB-IFPresident & Chairman USB-IFTechnology Strategist Technology Strategist Intel CorporationIntel Corporation

The Future Of Mobility…The Future Of Mobility…

Reliably…Reliably…

And And SecurelySecurely

Delivered to youDelivered to youEasily…Easily…

Access toAccess toAnythingAnythingYou want…You want…

WhenWhenYou want it…You want it…

WhereWhereYou want itYou want it

Standards And Regulatory Paths PavedStandards And Regulatory Paths Paved

Standards ProgressStandards ProgressECMA approval in December 2005 ECMA approval in December 2005

Standards submitted for ISO approval in January 2006Standards submitted for ISO approval in January 2006

ISO approval expected in Q3ISO approval expected in Q3

IEEE 802.15.3a PAR closed IEEE 802.15.3a PAR closed

RegulatoryRegulatoryU.S. FCC approved for commercial use – March 2005U.S. FCC approved for commercial use – March 2005

Europe and Japan likely to issue rules in June/July timeframeEurope and Japan likely to issue rules in June/July timeframe

SpecificationsSpecificationsCertified Wireless USB 1.0 ratified May 2005Certified Wireless USB 1.0 ratified May 2005

Wireless USB Association Model 1.0 ratified March 2006Wireless USB Association Model 1.0 ratified March 2006

WiMedia MAC and Phy ratified in 2005WiMedia MAC and Phy ratified in 2005

Standards And Ecosystem Support +200 CompaniesStandards And Ecosystem Support +200 Companies

A Big OpportunityA Big Opportunity

Big market opportunity for WUSBBig existing base of USB

800

Number of Wired USB Products Shipped per Year (Millions)

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

PCs Peripherals Consumer Electronics

Over 1 Billion units in the installed base today, growing to 3.5 Billion by 2006

Source: Cahners In-Stat Group

Wired USB Attach Rates for Key Device TypesWired USB Attach Rates for Key Device Types

USB enabled by ‘06

External Storage

95%USB enabled by ‘06

95+%

Digital Cameras

USB enabled by ‘06

96%

Camcorders

“USB is the most successful interface in the history of the PC”–Brian O’Rourke/Instat-MDR

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

Citigroup

In-Stat

WR Hambrecht

Techno Systems

SG Cowen

Citigroup 17,000 62,600 142,800 0

In-Stat 13,004 34,505 67,266 140,678

WR Hambrecht 13,900 50,300 126,900 0

Techno Systems 2,700 8,800 30,600 0

SG Cow en 2,700 13,100 56,300 0

2006 2007 2008 2009

Wireless USB Market Estimates(In-Stat, Jan 05)

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

CE Devices (w/ WUSB)

PC Peripherals (w/ WUSB)

PC (w/ WUSB) (incl adapters)

(K units)

Wireless USB Estimates (K units) Wireless USB Estimates (K units)

Dual Role Dual Role DevicesDevices

Up to 127 devicesUp to 127 devices

Host scheduled dataHost scheduled datacommunicationscommunications

Certified Wireless USB Certified Wireless USB Technology OverviewTechnology Overview

USB Wire Replacement TechnologyUSB Wire Replacement Technology

Matches data rate of Matches data rate of USB 2.0 (480 Mbps)USB 2.0 (480 Mbps)

Hub-and-spoke connection relationshipHub-and-spoke connection relationship

Connection model is a wire Connection model is a wire replacementreplacement

Point-to-point connectionsPoint-to-point connections

Between Certified wireless USB host Between Certified wireless USB host and peripheraland peripheral

Certified wireless USB clusterCertified wireless USB clusterWireless USB Host with one Wireless USB Host with one or more peripherals (up to 127 or more peripherals (up to 127 addressable devices)addressable devices)

Certified Wireless USB clusters Certified Wireless USB clusters may co-exist within an overlapping may co-exist within an overlapping spatial environmentspatial environment

Support for legacy USB host Support for legacy USB host and devicesand devices

Certified Wireless USBCertified Wireless USBHost Wire Adaptor: HWAHost Wire Adaptor: HWA

Certified Wireless USBCertified Wireless USBDevice Wire Adapter: DWADevice Wire Adapter: DWA

USB 2.0USB 2.0 USB 2.0USB 2.0

Enabling The MarketEnabling The Market

Certified Wireless USB PerformanceCertified Wireless USB Performance

Protocol designed from the ground up, optimized Protocol designed from the ground up, optimized for a wireless medium for a wireless medium

Power managementPower management

Security and associationSecurity and association

Operating System support/class driver protocol maintainedOperating System support/class driver protocol maintained

Data throughput Data throughput

Bandwidth allocation/isochronous supportBandwidth allocation/isochronous support

75% efficient (352 Mbps) in dedicated environment75% efficient (352 Mbps) in dedicated environment

66% efficient (160 Mbps out of 240 Mbps) 66% efficient (160 Mbps out of 240 Mbps) in shared environmentin shared environment

Certified Wireless USB deliversexcellent performance

Certified Wireless USB ComplianceCertified Wireless USB Compliance

USB-IF provides one-stop-shopping USB-IF provides one-stop-shopping for WUSB certificationfor WUSB certification

Workshops and 3Workshops and 3rdrd party test houses party test houses

Test specs are released (www.usb.org)Test specs are released (www.usb.org)

First Compliance Workshop in 2H ‘06First Compliance Workshop in 2H ‘06

Logo from the USB-IF communicates brand Logo from the USB-IF communicates brand promise to OEMs/ODMs, the channel, promise to OEMs/ODMs, the channel, and the consumerand the consumer

What's Coming In 2006What's Coming In 2006

Certified Wireless USB Developers Conferences Certified Wireless USB Developers Conferences San Jose (U.S.): June 19 – 21 at San Jose convention centerSan Jose (U.S.): June 19 – 21 at San Jose convention center

Taipei (Taiwan): July 24-26, Location TBDTaipei (Taiwan): July 24-26, Location TBD

Complete Intel Wireless Host Controller Interface Complete Intel Wireless Host Controller Interface (WHCI) specification (WHCI) specification

Industry standard for WHCI Industry standard for WHCI

The WHCI specification is at Rev 0.91 The WHCI specification is at Rev 0.91

Public release targeted for Q1 Public release targeted for Q1 ‘‘0606

USB-IF to hold first Certified Wireless USB compliance and USB-IF to hold first Certified Wireless USB compliance and certification workshop certification workshop

First WiMedia compliant Silicon Q2 ‘06First WiMedia compliant Silicon Q2 ‘06

First certified Wireless USB products 2H ’06First certified Wireless USB products 2H ’06

WiNet-WUSB Combo ArchitectureWiNet-WUSB Combo Architecture

LegendLegend

PC Radio ComponentsPC Radio Components

System SoftwareSystem Software

HardwareHardware

System System SoftwareSoftware

UWB PC sideUWB PC sideRadio Radio Hardware Hardware

PEER WiNetDevice Hardware

PEER WUSBDevice Hardware

UWB Radio PHY

MAC and Convergence Layer

Wireless USB Host Controller (WHCI)

UWB Radio Controller (URCI)

Winet Radio Controller (WinetRCI)

WUSB Host Controller Miniport

UWB Radio Controller

Driver

WiNet Host Controller Miniport

WiNet Filter Driver

TCP/IP Stack

USB Core Stack

USB Client Driver + Software

Call To ActionCall To Action

64-bit64-bitEnsure that your device and driver work on Ensure that your device and driver work on allall 64-bit enabled 64-bit enabled Windows operating systemsWindows operating systems

64-bit Windows is 64-bit Windows is huge!huge!

Test Existing Devices on Windows VistaTest Existing Devices on Windows VistaFollow the details on www.microsoft.com/whdc to test your Follow the details on www.microsoft.com/whdc to test your device/driver using latest WDK and get WHQL qualification!device/driver using latest WDK and get WHQL qualification!

Test all your drivers with the new Windows Vista USB stackTest all your drivers with the new Windows Vista USB stack

Certified Wireless USBCertified Wireless USBAttend industry trade shows (especially Wireless USB Developers Attend industry trade shows (especially Wireless USB Developers Conference in summer 2006: U.S. plus Asia)Conference in summer 2006: U.S. plus Asia)

Validate Microsoft’s preproduction UWB stack on your prototypes Validate Microsoft’s preproduction UWB stack on your prototypes

Please send sample devices to Windows TeamPlease send sample devices to Windows Team

Visit WUSB Community in Exhibition HallVisit WUSB Community in Exhibition Hall

Additional ResourcesAdditional Resources

Web resourcesWeb resourcesSpecs: http://www.usb.org/developerSpecs: http://www.usb.org/developer

Whitepapers: http://www.microsoft.com/WHDC Whitepapers: http://www.microsoft.com/WHDC

Microsoft UWB Website: Microsoft UWB Website: http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/bus/UWB/default.mspx http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/bus/UWB/default.mspx

Communities: www.microsoft.com/communities/products/default.mspx Communities: www.microsoft.com/communities/products/default.mspx

Related sessionsRelated sessions““Ultrawide Band Architecture for Windows” – Tues 17:30Ultrawide Band Architecture for Windows” – Tues 17:30

““Windows Vista Performance Technologies” – Tues 14:00Windows Vista Performance Technologies” – Tues 14:00

““User-Mode Driver Framework: Introduction and Overview” – Wed 15:15User-Mode Driver Framework: Introduction and Overview” – Wed 15:15

““Using the Device Simulation Framework for Software Using the Device Simulation Framework for Software Simulation of USB Devices” – Wed 16:30Simulation of USB Devices” – Wed 16:30

Email address: Email address: usbfb @ microsoft.comusbfb @ microsoft.com

AppendixAppendix

Which WDF Model Is Right For You? Which WDF Model Is Right For You?

WinUSB WinUSB w/out w/out UMDFUMDF

WinUSWinUSwith with

UMDFUMDFKMDFKMDF

Where does the IHV need to write code?Where does the IHV need to write code? User User modemode

User User modemode

Kernel Kernel modemode

Supports expose/sharing device Supports expose/sharing device with multiple applicationswith multiple applications NoNo YesYes YesYes

Supports isolation of driver from application Supports isolation of driver from application NoNo YesYes NoNo

Supports USB Bulk, Interrupt Supports USB Bulk, Interrupt and Control Transfers?and Control Transfers? YesYes YesYes YesYes

Supports USB ISOC Transfers?Supports USB ISOC Transfers? NoNo NoNo YesYes

Allows kernel mode stacks to be built on top Allows kernel mode stacks to be built on top of IHV component?of IHV component? NoNo NoNo YesYes

Does Microsoft request IHV code Does Microsoft request IHV code be WHQL tested?be WHQL tested? YesYes YesYes YesYes

Common examples of devicesCommon examples of devices USB rain USB rain gaugegauge

USB <-> USB <-> serial serial

dongledongleUSB NICUSB NIC

Power Management Enhancements Power Management Enhancements Extra DetailsExtra Details

Enhanced composite device supportEnhanced composite device supportSelective suspend now fully supportedSelective suspend now fully supported

Limited support for multiple configuration devicesLimited support for multiple configuration devices

EHCI 1.0 supportEHCI 1.0 supportFSTN and i-bit support plannedFSTN and i-bit support planned

EHCI bios handoff support plannedEHCI bios handoff support planned

USBBiosX key is goneUSBBiosX key is goneSystem suspend states are controller by the controller’s System suspend states are controller by the controller’s power capabilitiespower capabilities

Most systems will now use S3 by defaultMost systems will now use S3 by default

Automatic reset of transient over-current errorsAutomatic reset of transient over-current errors

Selective SuspendSelective Suspend

Selective suspendSelective suspendAn individual USB port is suspended; a device can draw no more than An individual USB port is suspended; a device can draw no more than 2.5 MA while suspended2.5 MA while suspended

Global suspendGlobal suspendA USB controller is suspended; this will allow a processor to enter low power A USB controller is suspended; this will allow a processor to enter low power states(C3); all ports must be suspended before the controller is suspendedstates(C3); all ports must be suspended before the controller is suspended

On Windows XP this can only happen if On Windows XP this can only happen if allall drivers have submitted drivers have submitted an IDLE IRPan IDLE IRP

Windows XPWindows XP Windows VistaWindows Vista

Conditions Conditions for Selective for Selective SuspendSuspend

1)1) Driver requests a D2/D3 power IRPDriver requests a D2/D3 power IRP

2)2) Driver sends an IDLE IRP and waits Driver sends an IDLE IRP and waits for its callback before powering for its callback before powering down to D2/D3down to D2/D3

Same as Windows XPSame as Windows XP

Conditions Conditions for Global for Global SuspendSuspend

All drivers have sent an IDLE IRP to the All drivers have sent an IDLE IRP to the bus driver and powered down from their bus driver and powered down from their IDLE IRP callbackIDLE IRP callback

All devices are in a low All devices are in a low power statepower state

Which Selective Suspend Method To Use?Which Selective Suspend Method To Use?

Windows XPWindows XPAll drivers should use IDLE IRPsAll drivers should use IDLE IRPs

Complicated, see appendix for examplesComplicated, see appendix for examples

Windows VistaWindows VistaOnly composite devices that are enabled for remote wake need to use Only composite devices that are enabled for remote wake need to use

IDLE IRPsIDLE IRPs

IDLE IRPs are fully supported for all devicesIDLE IRPs are fully supported for all devices

Windows XPWindows XP Windows VistaWindows Vista

IDLE IRPsIDLE IRPs

1.1. Allows Global SuspendAllows Global Suspend

2.2. Device’s IDLE callback is not invoked Device’s IDLE callback is not invoked until all drivers have submitted an IDLE until all drivers have submitted an IDLE IRP to the bus driverIRP to the bus driver

1.1. Allows Global SuspendAllows Global Suspend

2.2. Device’s IDLE callback Device’s IDLE callback is invoked as soon as is invoked as soon as possiblepossible

WDM power WDM power requestrequest

1.1. Prevents controller from using Prevents controller from using global suspendglobal suspend

2.2. Device’s upstream port Device’s upstream port is immediately suspendedis immediately suspended

1.1. Allows Global SuspendAllows Global Suspend

2.2. Device’s upstream port Device’s upstream port is immediately suspendedis immediately suspended

USB Debugging ArchitectureUSB Debugging Architecture

Host can support multiple targetsHost can support multiple targets

Debug cable must be connected to Debug cable must be connected to a special port on the target machinea special port on the target machine

USB2DBG.SYS

USBHUB.SYS

U

K

U

K

KDUSB.dll

USB HUB

DBG

Cable

Std A Std A

No Hubs

allowedHubs

allowed

© 2006 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.

The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation.

MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.