Innovative Librarianship Lib 3.0: The need, opportunity and trends

Dr. H. Anil Kumar

Librarian, IIM Ahmedabad

Outline

• Education and its ecosystem

• The need for Libraries

• Opportunities and trends for LIS sector

http://www.globalpartnership.org/education

Education and Economic Growth It's not just going to school, but learning something while there that matters

by Eric A. Hanushek, Dean T. Jamison, Eliot A. Jamison and Ludger Woessmann http://educationnext.org/education-and-economic-growth/

gbc-education.org

http://onicra.com/intranet/2013/Onicra-Pulse-Jan-2013-Quality-of-Education-In-India-v2.html

India Skills Report 2014 by People Strong, Wheebox and CII

http://www.pwc.com/gx/en/capital-projects-infrastructure/talent-shortage-in-emerging-markets.jhtml

Government Initiatives in Education • Improve Access

– More institutions – Improve infrastructure – E-learning – Improve GER

• Improve quality – Entry - admissions – Experience

• Design - curriculum • Delivery – pedagogy • Choice based credits • Teacher training • Learning materials

– Evaluation • Learning focus • Application orientation • Grades vs marks

http://www.aicte-india.org/stinstitutes.php

http://www.thenational.ae/business/technology/lack-of-demand-and-poor-quality-blamed-for-decline-in-enrolment-in-indias-engineering-colleges

Source: Indiastats database

To summarize education…

• Education

– Too many applicants and too few seats

– India GER is a little over 19%

– Unemployable – skill deficiency

– Employer is educating!

• Quality of education

– Lack of access to

• Teachers

• Courses

• Information Resources

• Something wrong in pedagogy

– Low reading

– Low learning in the classroom

“Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school...“

- Albert Einstein

Resources 20% Environment 20% Connectivity 20% Output 40%

Society

Government

Institutions

Scholarship

Publishing

Peer review

Information

Data

Technology

Knowledge

Education

Talent

OPEN ECOSYSTEM

topcoder.com

okfn.org/opendata/

http://index.okfn.org/

oaspa.org

scholarlyoa.com

http://www.openscholar.org.uk/open-peer-review/

http://www.peerageofscience.org/

• The proportion of the UK’s total annual research output that was available through open access in 2012 was about 40%, compared to a worldwide average of 20%.

• The latest data from the UK Open Access Implementation Group shows that 35% of the UK’s total research outputs are freely provided through Green, through an existing network of more than 200 active institutional and disciplinary repositories

Serials expenditures have been rising at approximately triple the rate of the consumer price index over this time

http://www.opendoar.org/

http://openstaxcollege.org/

http://www.collegeopentextbooks.org/

http://open.umn.edu/opentextbooks/

http://www.oeconsortium.org/

http://opencourselibrary.org/

https://www.oercommons.org/

http://nptel.ac.in/

http://ocw.mit.edu/

http://www.openuped.eu/

https://www.edx.org/

https://www.coursera.org/

http://epgp.inflibnet.ac.in

http://fossee.in/

www.jaaga.in

Technology Advantages

• Learn at your own pace and interest

• Supplement learning in the classroom

• Less dependency on formal support

• Explore new ways of learning

• Variety and wide range of topics

Learning and education

• Formal methods – Classroom training – Laboratory training – On the job or apprenticeship

• Non-formal methods – Self-study and Reading – Watching, seeing and trying

• Sources – Institutes / schools / industries / employers – Libraries and laboratories – Internet

Libraries

Why go beyond formal methods?

• The 95 Percent Solution: School is not where most Americans learn most of their science by John H. Falk and Lynn D. Dierking

• Recent findings challenge the longstanding belief that the place for science knowledge acquisition is the classroom.

• International comparisons of trends in science knowledge over lifetimes suggests that much if not most science knowledge is acquired outside of school.

American Scientist: v. 98 (Nov-Dec), 2010

• Google is deskilling information literacy skills • Facebook is deskilling interpersonal relationships • No difference between first year and fourth year

student projects • Information, Analysis and interpretation

Where is the wisdom we have lost in knowledge? Where is the knowledge we have lost in information?

- T.S. Eliot

• The prison industry needs to plan its future growth –

how many cells are they going to need?

How many prisoners are there going to be, 15 years from now?

• And they found they could predict it very easily, using a pretty simple algorithm, based on asking what percentage of 10 and 11-year-olds couldn't read. And certainly couldn't read for pleasure.

Indian Express, December 14, 2104

• Well-meaning adults can easily destroy a child's love of reading: stop them reading what they

enjoy, or give them worthy-but-dull books that you like, the 21st-century

equivalents of Victorian "improving" literature. You'll wind up with a generation convinced that reading is uncool and worse, unpleasant.

• China in 2007, at the first party-approved science fiction and fantasy convention in Chinese history.

• It's simple, he told me. The Chinese were brilliant at making things if other people brought them

the plans. But they did not innovate and they did not invent. They did not imagine. So they sent a delegation to the US, to

Apple, to Microsoft, to Google, and they asked the people there who were inventing the future about themselves.

• And they found that all of them had read science fiction when they were boys or girls.

Universities, ours and theirs

Krishna Kumar (in The Hindu, August 9, 2012)

• Recruitment of faculty

• Concept of teaching (periods)

• Concept of knowledge – research

• Library

• The fourth critical difference lies in the library. In the West, even in the most ordinary universities, the library forms the centre of life, both for teachers and students. Librarians enjoy a high status as their contribution to academic life cuts across academic disciplines…..

www.libraryasincubatorproject.org

A 3D printer at DeLaMare Science and Engineering Library. Photograph courtesy DeLaMare Science and Engineering Library - See more at: http://span.state.gov/business/libraries-turn-into-makerspaces/20150101#tab1

Engineering students of Carson High School in Nevada get a hands-on experience of 3D scanning, 3D printing, laser cutting and engraving, using Google Glass, MakeyMake kits and Google Liquid Galaxy at DeLaMare Science and Engineering Library. Photograph courtesy DeLaMare Science and Engineering Library

A 3D printed model at DeLaMare Science and Engineering Library. Photograph courtesy DeLaMare Science and Engineering Library - See more at: http://span.state.gov/business/libraries-turn-into-makerspaces/20150101#tab1

Milwaukee Makerspace Library, which aims to foster a community of makers by providing an environment—in terms of people, equipment and space—that supports creativity and personal growth.

Libraries Reinvent Themselves as Makerspaces

By Steve Fox January/February 2015

SPAN Magazine

http://span.state.gov/business/libraries-turn-into-makerspaces/20150101#tab1

• Librarians versus Search Engines • Discoverability versus Availability • Access versus Control

Indian Express, Aug 24, 2014

Libraries

Users

• Students

• Faculty

• Others

Collection

• Physical

• Digital

Staff

• Professional

• Others

Services

• Physical

• Digital

• Content

• Space – User Friendly

• Accessibility Physical

• Content

• Space - User Friendly

• Accessibility Digital

SPACE

Understanding the trends

USERS

Technology

Content Staff

Libraries Internal and External sources

• Student Projects • Syllabus and course design • Technical Notes • Course Materials • Student made

Tools/Materials • News Paper Clippings

(Jobs/Courses) • Question papers

• Commercial – Books – Videos / CDs – Online resources

• Open Access – Books – Journals – Educational Videos – Educational courseware

Tech

no

logi

es in

Lib

rari

es Library Automation

Proprietary to OSS

Storage

Devices to Cloud

Identification

Barcode, Tattle-tape, RFID, Biometric, etc

Information Capture

Key board, Scanner, Digital Cameras, Mobiles

Network

Client-server, P2P, Internet, Cloud

Databases

Books, articles, reports, aggregators, publishers, Irs

Integration and Management

Catalogs, IRs, Multimedia, Datasets, Archives, etc

Technologies in Libraries

• User Focus – need not worry where the information is located – Anytime-Anywhere, Device independence – Less human interface (RFID) – Customised and profile based display, search, update, etc

• Usage statistics – walk-ins, usage, downloads, ROI

• Retrieval Convenience

– Seamless integration of various sources/formats – Remote login / VPN – Simple OPAC to Federated searches to Discovery

Trends

• Ownership to Access

• Closed to open systems

• Mass to Niche

• Skills to knowledge

• Referral to reference

• Search to Discovery

• Books to Journals to Datasets

Discovery service

• Single search – interface - Integrated approach

• Central index - Subscribed content - Connectors

• Open Access Resources

• Enhanced refinements like facets, topics, geographies, formats, etc

• Display of integrated results – relevancy, date, etc

• Fast response time

http://www.librarytechnology.org/discovery.pl

• AquaBrowser – Proquest

• Axiell Arena

• Biblio Commons

• Blacklight (OSS)– Columbia, Cornell, etc

• Chamo – VTLS (III)

• Encore – Innovative Interfaces Inc.

• Enterprise – SirsiDynix

• Iguana – Infor

• VUFind (OSS) – Villanova University

• EBSCO’s Discovery Service (EDS)

• Ex Libris Ltd.’s Primo Central Index (PCI)

• Serials Solutions’ Summon (SSS)

• OCLC’s WorldCat Local (WCL)

Other Key Issues and opportunities

• Staffing

• Research Assistance, Database mining, IL, etc

• Resource / product understanding

• Professional managers

• Manpower Outsourced (Routine jobs, IT staff, etc)

• Information Literacy

• Archiving Institutional Knowledge - IR

• Lib 2.0; Long Tail

• Open Access; Legal Issues (DMCA,..)

• Space – digital and physical

• Outsourcing IT: ILS, SaaS to PaaS to IaaS

• Remote login, Discovery, IR

• News archives

• RFID, etc

The key is…

• User convenience

– whether it is … • Book recommendation

• Remote login

• Federated search and discovery

• Access beyond our library - Union catalogue / ILL

• The future is OPEN

– OSS, OLE, extensible catalog, etc

Libraries

Education is moving from

• Information sharing to learning

• Teacher to learner

Libraries have to move from supporting to partnering roles and facilitate:

• Reading

• Discussion

• Incubation

• Connecting Safe, Social and Learning spaces

Some pics

User @ VSL

Users @ VSL

THANKS

anilkumar@iimahd.ernet.in