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Innovative Technologies of Bamboo Innovative Technologies of Bamboo
Processing in ChinaProcessing in China
Wang GeWang Ge
International Center for bamboo and Rattan
April.10,2015 Beijing, China
Outline
1. Bamboo Resource and Industry in China
3. Innovative Technologies and the Applications of Bamboo Processing
4. Technology Development for Bamboo Processing
2. Characteristics of Bamboo
Bamboo is one of the fastest growing plants in the world , which
could be used as industrial material in 3-5 years old.
China has rich bamboo resource , more than 30 genera and 500
species. Bamboo forest area was 3.2 million hectares in 1981, while
6.01 million hectares in 2013. Planting bamboo forest area of six
provinces (Zhejiang, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guangxin, Fujian and
Anhui) accounts for 77%.
1.Bamboo resource and bamboo forest area
2. Bamboo industry and bamboo products
More than one hundred series including ten thousand kinds of bamboo
products , used in various fields including Bamboo-based engineered
materials, bamboo furniture, bamboo floorings, bamboo pulp and
paper, bamboo shoots, bamboo crafts, etc.
Bamboo industry output value reached 167.1 billion RMB ($28
billion). Import and export trade volume reached $2 billion or above.
bamboo ring section
Out layer
Middle layer
Inner layer
bamboo transection
bamboo vascular bundle (SEM)bamboo fiber(SEM)
bamboo culms
1. Anatomic structure of bamboo
Tissues: Parenchyma 50-60%;Fibers 25-35% ; Conducting tissue 5-15% (vessels, sieve tubes)
2. Chemical composition of bamboo
Chemical composition :
Cellulose 45-50 %
Hemicellulose 20-25 % Lignin 20-30%
Extractives 2.5-5%
Ratio of chemical composition among genera and species are slightly different
Wood( MPa )
Gui bamboo( MPa )
Ci bamboo( MPa )
Moso bamboo
Outer layer( MPa )
Inner layer ( MPa )
40-140 245.7 177.9 328 107
The comparisons of tensile strength between bamboo and wood
Index bamboo age Maximum Minimum AVE
Tensile strength
( MPa )
four-year-old 2708 1407 1710
Tensile modulus
( GPa )
four-year-old 40.8 19.6 27.1
Tensile strength of individual fiber (Moso bamboo)
3. Mechanical properties of bamboo
In China, bamboo is widely used
in manufacturing laminated bamboo
board for structural components,
and also bamboo mat plywood and
bamboo-wood composite utilized as
building sheathings (wall, floor and
roof, etc).
- Bamboo-based structural composites
12m bamboo-based beam
10m bamboo-based truss
Based on the properties and
characteristics of bamboo,
bamboo processing technology
had been made a breakthrough on
structural design, adhesive,
connecting technique
- Engineered bamboo constructions
By utilization of engineered bamboo materials, all kinds of
bamboo-based structural houses have been built in jiangsu, Hunan,
Sichuan, Beijing, Anhui Prov., etc.
Glued laminated bamboo being used as
structural material and bamboo beams
structure being connected in the form of
mortise and tenon joints, the aseismic
performance of the building is improved.
Large-span bamboo
structure public buildings
covers an area of 500
square meters---The
leisure centre in Sichuan
bamboo-wood material for
Doors and stairs
Bamboo-wood composite construction
Bamboo-wood composite materials for beam component
Taking advantage of high strength of bamboo and high volume recovery of planting wood respectively, bamboo-wood laminated composite were made into high performance materials which is used in construction.
- Aseismatic prefabricated bamboo house A total area of 1400 m2 of Aseismatic prefabricated bamboo-based house was built and donated to Sichuan earthquake disaster region in 2008 (20 sets in Du Jiangyan & 50 sets in Wolong Giant Panda Reserve), which made positive contribution for disaster region reconstruction.
Round bamboo structural house (Cost : 1400RMB/m2 , Market sale price : 2100RMB/m2 )
- Round bamboo structural house
Bamboo scimber application in Jiangsu Wuxi Grand TheatreBamboo scimber application in Jiangsu Wuxi Grand Theatre(Stage chair Ceil Wall flooring )(Stage chair Ceil Wall flooring )
Fireproofing grade: Europe fire standard M1 and Chinese fire protection standard B1
Bamboo strip ceil decoration of Madrid Bamboo strip ceil decoration of Madrid International Airport, SpainInternational Airport, Spain
Bamboo sliced veneer interior decoration of German BMW carBamboo sliced veneer interior decoration of German BMW car
- Outdoor application
Outdoor bamboo scrimber decking
Key advanced technologies, which are durability , have made a breakthrough that bamboo composites used in outdoor successfully.
- Bamboo-based twine pipe for hydraulic transportation purpose
Bamboo slivers or bamboo-bundle fibers are used as basic materials, through
wet twine technology to make high value-added bamboo reinforced pressure
pipe, which is diameter range from 200mm to 2000mm.
Take the place of a portion of glass reinforced pipe, steel tube, plastic
pipe,etc, and reduce energy consumption, pollution and the use of non-
renewable resources. It can meet the demand of forestry, hydraulic
transportation, agricultural irrigation, municipal pipe network, etc.
Take full advantage of high
tensile strength, great
flexibility and toughness of
bamboo.
Bamboo-based twine pipe practical application for hydraulic transportation in agricultural irrigation.
- Bamboo blades for wind power generation
Bamboo blades for wind power
generator were made from bamboo
laminated lumber and bamboo
scrimber. The manufacturing
technology of bamboo-base
reinforced materials have been
developed, which satisfies the basic
requirement of dynamic load
performance for above purpose.
In Shandong Hekou, the glass fiber reinforced materials were replaced by bamboo blades for wind-power generators and 1.5MW wind turbine generator system are working in national grid-connected system since 2009.
testing
assembling
working
- Bamboo based casing for electronic products
A large number of equipment casing for
electronic products (e.g. bamboo keyboard,
mouse, loudspeaker casing) were
manufactured by bamboo instead of plastic,
which are environmental friendliness,
sustainable utilization etc.
Bamboo-based keyboard and loudspeaker casing
- The flattened processing technology of round bamboo culms and its products
Chopping Boards : The round bamboo culms are directly flattened and made
into a whole chopping block without adhesive on the surface. The products are
customized for the European brand WMF.
A Bamboo Floorings : The round bamboo culms are also directly flattened
and made into a whole bamboo floorings, and the bamboo recovery reached 80%
above.
- Bamboo fiber for textile purpose
* Natural bamboo fiber preparation and identification
technology for textile purpose :
The pretreating, decomposing, soften molding and
postprocessing technology of natural bamboo fiber has been
developed in recent years.
The bamboo fiber textiles and fabrics have been produced with
the properties of natural bamboo fiber being remained.
Novel natural bamboo fiber identification method have been
developed.
Raw bamboo material Bamboo cellulose pulp
Viscose bamboo f iberViscose bamboo fiber yarn Viscose bamboo fiber products
* The processing technology of viscose bamboo fiber and
fabrics:
Viscose bamboo fiber fabric products
Colorful bamboo vases:
- Processing technology of Bamboo-based high quality artwork
Colorful bamboo weaving paintings:
The manufacturing technologies of bamboo-based durable engineering materials
Outdoor application, engineering use, etc.
High yield and economical utilization of advanced bamboo processing technology
Reconstituting, flattening, etc.
Key technologies for manufacturing of modern bamboo building components
Low carbon consumption, energy saving, environmental-friendly housing. etc.
New technology of functional improvement for bamboo-based products
Waterproof, anticorrosion, mildewproof, etc.
Bamboo is a natural renewable resource.
Compared with petrochemical materials, the
processing of bamboo performs energy saving,
environmental protection and sustainable
development.
LCALCA
Bamboo is a natural renewable resource, and
its processing is environmental-friendly and
sustainable. Bamboo industry has a vast market
potential and a bright prospect.
Thank you !Wang Ge ProfessorInternational Center for bamboo and RattanThe Bamboo Utilization Committee of China National Bamboo Industry AssociationNo.8 FuTong Eastern Avenue, Wangjing Area,Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, P.R.China010-84789751 [email protected]