Page 1
1
Insect Management in Lettuce- 2003 Research Update -
Where do Avaunt and Intrepid fit in Fall Management Programs?
When and How much?
Orthene orEndosulfan
Larvin
Lannate
Confirm
Intrepid
Avaunt
Proclaim
Success
Head >4"
Head 2-4"
Early Head
Pre-heading9-14 lf4-8 lf2-4 lfCoty
Heading to Harvest
Post-thinning toPre-heading
Stand Establishment
Stand-alone application Tank-mix application
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28Avaunt 3.5 ozAvaunt 4.8 ozAvaunt 6 ozCheck
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28Intrepid 8 ozIntrepid 6 ozIntrepid 6 oz + Warrior 3.2 ozCheck
Sep 30
Oct7
Oct14
Oct21
Oct28
Nov 4
A
C
Sep 30
Oct7
Oct14
Oct21
Oct28
Nov 4
Efficacy of Avaunt and Intrepid on Head LettuceThinning Heading
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28Avaunt 3.5 ozAvaunt 4.8 ozAvaunt 6 ozCheck
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28Intrepid 8 ozIntrepid 6 ozIntrepid 6 oz + Warrior 3.2 ozCheck
Sep 30
Oct7
Oct14
Oct21
Oct28
Nov 4
Sep 30
Oct7
Oct14
Oct21
Oct28
Nov 4
Efficacy of Avaunt and Intrepid on Head LettuceThinning Heading
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2
OrtheneEndosulfan
Larvin
Lannate
Confirm
Intrepid
Avaunt
Proclaim
Success
Head >4"
Head 2-4"
Early Head
Pre-heading9-14 lf4-8 lf2-4 lfCoty
Heading to Harvest
Post-thinning toPre-heading
Stand Establishment
Stand-alone application Tank-mix application
Thrips Ecology and Management
Western FlowerThrips
OnionThrips
Thrip
s / t
rap
/ day
0
5
10
15 Dome Valley/ Wellton
Aug28
Sep17
Oct7
Oct27
Nov16
Dec6
Dec26
Jan15
Feb4
Feb24
Mar16
Apr5
Thrip
s / t
rap
/ day
0
5
10
15Gila Valley
Thrip
s / t
rap
/ day
0
5
10
15 Yuma Valley
Aug28
Sep17
Oct7
Oct27
Nov16
Dec6
Dec26
Jan15
Feb4
Feb24
Mar16
Apr5
5 Years (1998-2003)
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Mea
n Th
rips
/ Pla
nt0
50
100
150
200
250
0
50
100
150
200
250Sept 17Oct 10Oct 29Nov 14Dec 3Dec 12
0
50
100
150
200
250
0
50
100
150
200
250
12 Oct
1Nov
21Nov
11Dec
1Jan
20Jan
9Feb
1Mar
21Mar
2002
8Apr
Avg
. Tem
pera
ture
(o F)
50
60
70
80
50
60
70
80
2003
2002
2003
Thrips in Head Lettuce - Planting Dates2002-2003
Thrips Sampling
Absolute SamplingCounting all thrips with aPlant Wash technique
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4
Direct Visual Counts
0
250
500
750
1000
0
250
500
750
1000
0
250
500
750
1000
0
250
500
750
1000
Beat PanDirect countsPlant Wash
12 Oct
1Nov
21Nov
11Dec
1Jan
20Jan
9Feb
1Mar
21Mar
Oct 29th
Nov 14th
Population Dynamics of Thrips in Head Lettuce2003
Direct counts (Total thrips / plant)
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Plan
t Was
h (T
otal
thrip
s / P
lant
)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Y= 24.5 + 8.3xR2 = 0.73
Direct Visual Counts (n=27)~ 12 % of what was actually on plant
Beat Pan (Total Thrips / plant)
0 50 100 150 200 250
Plan
t Was
h (T
otal
Thr
ips
/ Pla
nt)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Y= -22.3 + 5.0xR2 = 0.85
Beat Pan Counts (n=27)~ 20 % of what was actually on plant
Thrips Damage ?
Page 5
5
0
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500
0
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500
Caged Plants
WeeklySprays
Bi-weeklySprays
Untreated check
Total Thrips / Plant
0 1 2 3 4
Leaf
Pos
ition
02468
10121416182022242628303234363840
0 1 2 3 4
02468
10121416182022242628303234363840
Damage RatingDamage Rating
UntreatedCages
17 adults/ plant42 larvae / plant
231 adults/ plant1122 larvae / plant
Thrips Damage ’scarring’ in Romaine
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6
0 1 2 3 4
02468
10121416182022242628303234363840
0 1 2 3 4
02468
10121416182022242628303234363840
Damage Rating
Leaf
Pos
ition
Damage Rating
7-day Spray Interval Untreated
Thrips Damage ’scarring’ in Romaine231 adults/ plant
1122 larvae / plant203 adults/ plant390 larvae / plant
Rib Bronzing
Caged PlantsUntreated
0 20 40 60 80 100
Leaf
Pos
ition
02468
10121416182022242628303234363840
0 20 40 60 80 100
02468
10121416182022242628303234363840
UntreatedCages
Rib Bronzing (% of leaves)
Rib Bronzing (% of leaves)
17 adults/ plant42 larvae / plant
231 adults/ plant1122 larvae / plant
Thrips Damage ’Rib bronzing’ in Romaine Thrips Control
Page 7
7
7 - 10 DAT
% Control (Range)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Lannate0.7 lb
+Mustang
4 oz
Success6 oz
Success 5 oz+
Mustang 4 oz
Mustang 4 oz
Orthene1.0 lb
+ Mustang
4 oz
(n= 5)
AdultAdults
Thrips Control in Head Lettuce – 2003
Col 1
7 - 10 DAT
% Control (Range)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Lannate0.7 lb
+Mustang
4 oz
Success6 oz
Success 5 oz+
Mustang 4 oz
Mustang 4 oz
Orthene1.0 lb
+ Mustang
4 oz
(n= 5)
Larvae
Thrips Control in Head Lettuce – 2003
Larvae
Col 1
7 - 10 DAT
% Control (Range)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Lannate0.7 lb
+Mustang
4 oz
(n= 3)
Adults
Dimethoate12 oz
Dimethoate12 oz
+ Mustang
4 oz
Endosulfan32 oz
Dimethoate12 oz
+ Endosulfan
32 oz
Thrips Control in Head Lettuce – 2003Adults
7 - 10 DAT % Control (Range)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Lannate0.7 lb
+Mustang
4 oz
Dimethoate12 oz
Dimethoate12 oz
+ Mustang
4 oz
Endosulfan32 oz
Dimethoate12 oz
+ Endosulfan
32 oz
(n= 3)
Larvae
Thrips Control in Head Lettuce – 2003
Larvae
Western Flower Thripsin Lettuce
Does Proclaim®
Control Thrips?
NO Mea
n Ad
ults
/ Pl
ant
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
5
10
15
20
25Proclaim 3.2 ozProclaim 3.2 oz + Mustang 4 ozLannate 0.75 lb + Mustand 4 ozMustang 4 ozUntreated
Nov 1
# 1 # 2
Oct 29
Nov5
Nov12
Nov15
Nov20
Total Thrips
Does Proclaim® Control Thrips?
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8
Western Flower Thripsin Lettuce
What Rate of Success®
Should I Use For Thrips?
Mea
n A
dults
/ Pl
ant
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
5
10
15
20
25
30Success 5.0 ozSuccess 5 oz + Mustang 4 ozLannate 0.75 lb+Mustang 4 ozMustang 4 ozUntreated
Nov 1
# 1 # 2
Oct 29
Nov5
Nov12
Nov15
Nov20
Total Thrips
What Rate of Success® Should I Use For Thrips?
AD
% C
ontr
ol
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
LARSuccess
6 oz
AD LAR AD LAR AD LARSuccess
10 ozSuccess
5 ozMustang
4 oz
Lannate0.7 lb
Mustang 4 oz
Romaine
LAR LAR LAR
LAR
What Rate of Success® Should I Use For Thrips?
AD
AD AD
10 DAT#2
AD
% C
ontr
ol
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
LAR
A
AD LAR AD LAR AD LAR
Head Lettuce
Success6 oz
Success10 oz
Success 5 oz
Mustang 4 oz
Lannate0.7 lb
Mustang 4 oz
LAR
LAR LAR
LAR
What Rate of Success® Should I Use For Thrips?
10 DAT#2
www. ag.arizona.edu/crops
