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pleuron
notum
sternum
Insect Thorax
scutum scutellum
epimeron
basisternum
trochantin
sternellum
tergum
episternum
Internal support in thorax
pleural ridge
pleural apophysis
sternal apophysis
sternopleural muscle
furca
FurcaPleural/sternal apophysis Apodemes
Insect Leg - Articulation
monocondylic
Decreasing mobility
Increasing strength
trochantin dicondylic
leg leg leg
Thoracic Appendages - Legs
Modifications
Digging (Fossorial)
Mole cricket (Orthoptera:Gryllotalpidae)
Thoracic Appendages - Legs
Modifications
Saltatorial (jumping)
Migratory locust (Orthoptera: Locustidae)
Thoracic Appendages - Legs
Modifications
Natorial (swimming)
Predaceous diving beetle (Coleoptera:Dytiscidae)
Thoracic Appendages - Legs
Modifications
Pneustonic (water surface)
Whirlig beetle (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae)
Thoracic Appendages - Legs
Modifications
Cursorial (running)
Tiger beetle (Coleoptera: Cicindellidae)
Thoracic Appendages - Legs
Modifications
Suction (mating pads)
Predaceous diving beetle (Coleoptera:Dytiscidae)
Thoracic Appendages - Wings
Development
cuticle
haemocoel
Evagination of body wall
1.
2.
blood(hemolymph)
tracheanerve
cuticle
epidermis vein
Evolutionary Trends
1. Reduce number of cross veins = loss of weight
2. Fuse or lose longitudinal veins
3. Less sclerotization
4. Reduce fluting except on anterior