"Inspecting the Future" The SICI workshop , Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013

"Inspecting the Future" The SICI workshop, Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013

How the education system in Slovakia works?From 1989 visions to 2013 challenges

Juraj Vantuch, [email protected]

"Inspecting the Future" The SICI workshop, Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013

Juraj Vantuch, 05/06/2013

ReferNet Slovakia www.refernet.sk

Country Report 2012: http://www.refernet.sk/images/news/files/VET_in_Slovakia_in_2012.pdf

National Policy report 2002-2010:http://www.refernet.sk/images/news/files/Policy-Report_SK_2010_A%20Bridge%20to%20the%20Future_final.pdf

My original assignement for today: To present education system in Slovakia

http://www.refernet.sk/

http://www.refernet.sk/images/news/files/VET_in_Slovakia_in_2012.pdf

http://www.refernet.sk/images/news/files/VET_in_Slovakia_in_2012.pdf

http://www.refernet.sk/images/news/files/Policy-Report_SK_2010_A%20Bridge%20to%20the%20Future_final.pdf

http://www.refernet.sk/images/news/files/Policy-Report_SK_2010_A%20Bridge%20to%20the%20Future_final.pdf

Education system in Slovakia Education system in Slovakia (Arts schools and Special schools not included)(Arts schools and Special schools not included)

Higher Education „Bologna“ : Bc, MA (Ing), PhD

Absolutorium Diploma (5B)))

Higher Professional StudiesPost-maturita specialising studies2-3 years

Certificate/Second Maturita (4A)Post-maturita refresherPost-maturita qualifying studies0,5-2 years

Maturita (3A)Grammar School4,5, (8) years)

Maturita (3A*)

VET Schools4,5 years

Cert.of Apprent. (3C)VET Schools3,4 years

Maturita (3A)2 years follow up

Basic education certificate (ISCED 2A)Lower secondary (5 years) and elementary(4 years)

Training (2C)2 years

Low sec completing courses

* + CoA alternatively

"Inspecting the Future" The SICI workshop"Inspecting the Future" The SICI workshop, , Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013

Juraj Vantuch,Juraj Vantuch, 05/06/201305/06/2013

My programme for you now:

How the education system works? Crucial 1989 visions of change 2013 challenges

How the education system in Slovakia works?How the education system in Slovakia works?From 1989 visions to 2013 challengesFrom 1989 visions to 2013 challenges

"Inspecting the Future" "Inspecting the Future" The SICI workshopThe SICI workshop, , Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013


Juraj Vantuch,Juraj Vantuch, 05/06/2013

1.1. It is good and efficient.It is good and efficient.2.2. Not effective!Not effective!3.3. Well, but sufferring from unfavourable conditions.Well, but sufferring from unfavourable conditions.

A. How the education system in Slovakia works?A. How the education system in Slovakia works?

1.1. Analysts and politiciansAnalysts and politicians2.2. EmployersEmployers3.3. SchoolsSchools

Can be all answers right?

What kind of system is meant?



1. It is good and 1. It is good and efficientA. How the education system in Slovakia works?A. How the education system in Slovakia works?

Right, but what can one falling down say to it: „So far so good“

System? Primary and Low Secondary

McKinsey&Co 2010 Report„How the world’s most improved school systems keep getting better“, Exhibit 3 p,15Good= 480-520 points of Universal scale score ( PISA PIRLS TIMSS )„Third of five point scale“

Political interpretation:Political interpretation:Slovakia has EU 27 2nd most efficient education systemSlovakia has EU 27 2nd most efficient education system(excl. Finland from another planet )(excl. Finland from another planet )



2. Not effective!2. Not effective!

A. How the education system in Slovakia works?A. How the education system in Slovakia works?

Right, but what are LM needs? Industry only?

System? Upper secondary (VET) only?

Policies announced:Transforming VET is needed to align it to LM needsIntroducing elements (?!) of dual VET system

Extremely high yooth unemploymentLow quality VET graduates (only20% according to Automotive Industry Association)




3. 3. Well, but sufferringWell, but sufferring of unfavourable conditionsof unfavourable conditions

School autonomy without institutional support2008 curricul. reform without infrastructural support

o Insufficient equipment and provision of teaching aids o Limited methodological supporto Weak pedagogical research o Financing below national economy performanceo „Per capita normatives“ creating hidden internal debt

Fiscal over educational goals (Maastricht, €, FSP)


Juraj Vantuch, 05/06/2013Juraj Vantuch, 05/06/2013

How the education system works?How the education system works?

Education Benchmarks SK EU 27 2020 RankingEarly leavers from ET 5,0 13,5 10 3Tertiary attainment (30-34) 23,4 34,6 40 24Preschool participation (4+) 77,5 92,4 95 24Low achievers (PISA Reading) 22,3 19,6* 15 19Low achievers (PISA Maths) 21,0 22,2* 15 11Low achievers (PISA Science) 19,3 17,7* 15 18-19 Graduate empl. rate (20-34) 70,3 77,2 82 23LLL participation (25-64) 3,9 8,9 15 23

Source: Eurostat, OECD; * EU26(CY)

Education benchmarks 2011



Crucial 1989 visions of changeCrucial 1989 visions of change

1989 spirit of the timeSort of shift to learning outcomes based curricula („standards setting“ - but freedom, not accountability!!)Redefinition of the role of inspection, dividing its two original roles ( quality check and advisory) – AthleticsNo responsibility for performance of schools !!!New „sectoral“ governance autonomy of schools.

Freedom of teachers highlighted. Deliberation from political influence = Professionalisation„Unified education“Discussing +plurality in approaches



2013 challenges2013 challenges

Two systemic and politically very hot topics

Matching labour market needs(It is about VET and cooperation of stakeholders)

Creating appropriate learning environment (It is about teacher training and financing)


Source : Eurostat,[lfsa_urgaed] last update03/05/13

Extremely high yooth unemployment

ISCED 2004 2007 2011 2012

EU27 0-6 18,6 15,5 21,3 22,8

Slovakia 0-6 32,8 20,3 33,2 34,0EU27 0-2 21,3 20,1 28,2 30,3Slovakia 0-2 73,7 66,2 63,7 66,0

EU27 3-4 17,9 13,4 18,6 20,0

Slovakia 3-4 28,6 15,3 30,8 31,0

EU27 5-6 12,8 11,4 16,7 17,9

Slovakia 5-6 24,5 19,0 23,9 29,1

Unemployment rates of 15 - 24 aged (%)Unemployment rates of 15 - 24 aged (%)

Juraj Vantuch, 05/06/2013Juraj Vantuch, 05/06/2013

Matching labour market needs


Number of ISCED 3 graduates by programmes

Juraj Vantuch, 05/0602013

Programme ISCED level

2010 1999 2010/1999 indexN % N %

ISCED 3A GEN 20101 27.8 15 648 17.2 1.3ISCED 3A VET 39568 54.7 48 220 53.1 0.8ISCED 3C VET 12693 17.5 26 870 29.6 0.5ISCED 3 Total 72362 100 90 738 100 0.8Source: Eurostat (UOE data)

Dramatic decline in ISCED 3C graduatesLatest national data indicate further decline

Shortage of skilled blue collar workers and craftsmen


Full-time students in selected ISCED 3A VET programmes

2011/2012 Public Private ChurchField of study N % N % N %Economics and services 45 720 41.8 6 884 63.9 663 22.3Electrical Engineering 16 666 15.2 518 4.8 166 5.6Mechanical Engineering 7 241 6.6 98 0.9 - -Total 109386 100 10 769 100 2 978 100

Private: 83.3% in Economics, Arts,Teacher training - Inflow!Church: 68.8% in Teacher training and Health - Mission!How about girls? (Health education destructed?)

Source: National statistics

Can non state schools reduce labour market mismatch?




World of Work

SchoolEducation ServiceMarket

Labour Market

World of learningWorld of learning

Two Worlds ConflictTwo Worlds Conflict?? Two Markets Two Markets ConflictConflict!!

Counselling Monitoring






Juraj Vantuch, 05/06/2013

Counselling

Individual predispositionPersonal preferences(Self-)employability

Monitoring

Graduates trackingSkills needs anticipationLabour force forecasting

Soft vs hard approach

Organism vs Mechanism

"Inspecting the Future" "Inspecting the Future" The SICI workshopThe SICI workshop, , Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013Creating appropriate learning environment


ISCED LEVEL 2001 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009EU27 ISCED 5-6 37.5 36.8 35.6 37.1 36.4 36.3 36.8 38.9

SK ISCED 5-6 46.0 35.0 44.4 36.1 33.7 28.3 28.3 29.61

EU27 ISCED 2-4 26.0 25.9 25.2 26.4 26.0 25.1 25.9 27.9

SK ISCED 2-4 16.3 18.0 18.7 16.9 16.5 15.9 17.1 20.61

EU27 ISCED 1 18.4 19.7 19.7 19.7 20.3 20.6 21.1 22.6

SK ISCED 1 10.9 15.1 14.1 17.5 17.9 17.3 17.9 22.62

Annual expenditures on public and private educational institutions per student compared to GDP per capita

Source:Eurostat; Refernet SK: CR 20121 second lowest in the EU27; 2 17th in the EU27

13,1

15,1

18,2

18,7

20,2

20,922,3

26,9

27,4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Ukraine

Slovakia

Bulgaria

Poland

Czech Rep.

Hungary

Lithuania

Latvia

Estonia

Education Political Support Index EPSI(public expenditures per capita in PPP/GDP per capita in PPP)

Source: UNICEF MONEE project, Social monitor 2002, 3-18 3-18 aged eaged educationducation e expendituresxpenditures

"Inspecting the Future" "Inspecting the Future" The SICI workshopThe SICI workshop, , Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013Creating appropriate learning environment


Creating appropriate learning environment


Slovakia has one of the lowest rates of public spending on education in the EU. One of the underlying topics of the current economic policy is to find out how to invest into education while complying with the set fiscal targets. The Slovak Government intends to increase expenditures on education to 6% of GDP by 2020. It must be noted, however, that the funds have to be provided in an efficient manner. To that end, sources of inefficient spending in education will be searched for, which should provide room for improved funding. The Government will primarily focus on the streamlining of the network of schools and adjusting the number of teachers to demographic development. (National Reform Programme 2013, p. 28)



2013 challenges2013 challenges

o Shift to learning outcomes To enrich discourse and not to forget inputs EQF, NSQ (NSO) as impulse for internal change o Role of inspection (questioned Finland) Independency in assessment and evaluation Risk based and establishers (regions) included Focus on provision of learning environment Impulses for improvement efforts and innovations

Two hot topics (in media) (in fact about policy borrowing and policy learning)


Future Mission Statement?Future Mission Statement?

Juraj VantuchJuraj Vantuch05/06/2013 05/06/2013

Independent Quality Check!Advising rather than law enforcing only

Promoting innovations rather than direct advising

Future Inspectorates = Innovarates Bridge rather than Fortress!

http://www.bratislava-photos.com/photos/novy%20most.JPG



Juraj Vantuch,Juraj Vantuch, www.refernet.sk ; [email protected]@gmail.com

Thank you for your attention

http://www.refernet.sk/

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"Inspecting the Future" The SICI workshop , Bratislava, 5 - 7 June 2013

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