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IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Sanjaya Mishra
Definition
Architecture
Design
Implementation
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Principles of Multimedia Design• Multimedia principle: Use both graphics and words
• Contiguity principle: Place related words and graphics together
• Modality principle: Present words as speech rather than on screen text
• Redundancy principle: Avoid presenting words as narration and text together
• Coherence principle: Avoid extraneous sound and pictures• Personalization principle: Use conversational style and learning
agents • Practice principle: Give opportunities for interactions related to
authentic events
IGNOUM
ult
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Principles of Multimedia Design
Multimedia principle: Use both graphics and words
IGNOUM
ult
imed
ia
Instructional Design for Multimedia
Principles of Multimedia Design
Contiguity principle: Place related words and graphics together
IGNOUM
ult
imed
ia
Instructional Design for Multimedia
Principles of Multimedia Design
Modality principle: Present words as speech rather than on screen text
IGNOUM
ult
imed
ia
Instructional Design for Multimedia
Principles of Multimedia Design
Redundancy principle: Avoid presenting words as narration and text together
IGNOUM
ult
imed
ia
Instructional Design for Multimedia
Principles of Multimedia Design
Coherence principle: Avoid extraneous sound and pictures
IGNOUM
ult
imed
ia
Instructional Design for Multimedia
Principles of Multimedia Design
Personalization principle: Use conversational style and learning agents
IGNOUM
ult
imed
ia
Instructional Design for Multimedia
Principles of Multimedia Design
Practice principle: Give opportunities for interactions related to authentic events
IGNOUM
ult
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Instructional Design as a ProcessInstructional Design is the systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction. It is the entire process of analysis of learning needs and goals and the development of a delivery system to meet those needs. It includes development of instructional materials and activities; and tryout and evaluation of all instruction and learner activities
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Instructional Design as a Discipline
Instructional Design is that branch of knowledge concerned with research and theory about instructional strategies and the process for developing and implementing those strategies.
IGNOUM
ult
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Instructional Design as a Science
Instructional design is the science of creating detailed specifications for the development, implementation, evaluation, and maintenance of situations that facilitate the learning of both large and small units of subject matter at all levels of complexity.
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Communication Process
Sender ReceiverMessage through Media
Feedback
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Systems Theory
Input Process Output
Feedback
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Instructional Systems Design
Instructional Objectives
Instructional Procedures
Evaluation
Feedback
IGNOUM
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Interactive Multimedia
Neither hardware, nor software (but teaching-learning technology)
Interactive (learner control of learning environment)
Multimedia (Unlike TVComputer-based) network
Combines: text, pictures, animation, audio, video
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Objectivism and Instructional Design
• Knowledge exists separate from knowing
• Human beings acquire knowledge in an objective manner through senses
• Learning consists of acquiring truth
• Learning can be measured precisely with tests
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Constructivism and Instructional Design
• Knowledge does not exists outside the bodies and minds of human beings
• Knowledge is constructed individually based on experience and reflection
• Best learning can be estimated through dialogues and observation
• Learning comes through discussion and engagement
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Constructivist Learning Environment
Instructional Design for Multimedia
• Active manipulation of learning objects
• Learners construct their own meaning
• Collaboration in learning communities
• Learning is essentially a social, dialogic process
• Enhance critical and Reflective Thinking
• Situated or contextual learning
• Learning is goal-directed
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Constructivism and Instructional Design
• Provide experience in and appreciation of multiple perspectives
• Embed learning in realistic and relevant context
• Embed learning in social experience
• Encourage ownership and voice in the learning process
• Encourage use of multiple modes of representation
• Provide experience of knowledge construction process
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
9 Instructional Events
GeneralisingEnhancing retention and learning transfer
Cuing retrievalAssessing performance
ReinforcementProviding information and feedback
Retrieval and respondingEliciting performance
Semantic codingGuided learning
Selective perceptionPresenting stimuli with distinctive features
Retrieval to working memoryStimulating recall of prior learning
ExpectancyInforming learner of lesson objectives
AlertnessGaining Attention
Internal Learning ProcessExternal Instructional Event
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
DADI Help MeDefinition
Architecture
Design
Implementation
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Definition
• Define goals and objectives• Determine competition• Identify contents• Define budget, timeline,
scope• Identify clients/users• Explore technical issues• Define goals and objectives
When, Where, What, How
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Architecture
• Identify major content areasInformation Architecture
• Prioritize contents• Define media types• Define structure with
relationships• Create flowchart, block diagrams• Create storyboard• Build preliminary prototype
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
DesignLook and Feel
• Develop content with suitable color, font• Develop media element
• Design interface• Define naming conventions• Build advanced prototype• Conduct user testing on prototype
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
ImplementationDo it
• Define milestones, priorities• Develop all media elements• Integrate all media, content into the
offline mode• Do all proof reading, checking• Test in different platform• Upload and go online/Create master
CD
IGNOUM
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Instructional Design for Multimedia
Your Comments and Questions are welcome
Thank You