INTD 53

intensity

chroma

measure of hue purity or brightness

all pure hues are at full chroma

pure hues differ as to chroma strengthyellow…violetred…greenorange…blue

intensity

•saturation•degree of purity of hue•brightness or dullness of hue

changed by mixing hue with its complement or withgray of same value

colored grays

addition of gray to a pure hue—when gray is same value of hue—results in a duller hue

complementary hues

directly across from each other on color wheel

on intensity scale—•equal mixture of complementary hues results in muddy neutral•ends favor one hue or another

complementary hues—different wheels

glazing

layering of transparent hues

intensity in compositions

most brilliant pure hue—used in correct setting…value to value

pure red—relatively dark compositionpure yellow—relatively light composition

paired complementary hues—startling contrasts

intensity in compositions: balance

complementaries create balance—do not alter each other’s hue

also achieved by contrasting intense and dullsmall amount of pure hue balances large area of dull

hue

contrasting color schemes exert greater balance than more related ones

intensity in compositions:intensity and value

intensity combines with value to alter hue perception—complementaries

vibrationexcitementemphasis

intensity in compositions: depth

high intensities—large, push object forward in visual field

•on black background hues advance according to value—yellow most•on white background hues recede according to value—violet advances most

low intensities—reduce object size, increase distance and spaciousness

•result of spreading effect

INTD 53

color temperature

temperature

warmth or coolness of a color

warm hues:

temperature

warmth or coolness of a color

cool hues:

within these categories the same color can sometimes be cool, sometimes warm

mixing

black: warming effectwhite: cooling effect complementary: reverses temperature

neutrals

may be warm or cool

warm neutrals: natural objectscool neutrals: manmade/inorganic objects

relative temperatures

hue temperature changes with surroundings

•warm hue surrounded by warm hues appears cooler; cool hues appears warmer (afterimaging)

background effects

essential to advancing or receding qualities

•warm hues:•make grays seem cool•remain brilliant on dark/black background•spread on white background

•cool hues:•make grays seem warm•merge with dark/black background•firmly outlined by white background

tonality

tonality results in composition unityhelps determine colors to use in compostion

EXAMPLE:• warm design done in red, red-orange, orange, red-violet, violet, blue-violet, green• tonality—red (component of all hues used except green)• adding touch of red to green further enhances tonality

proportion

when warm/cool hues balanced—neither predominates—composition more dynamic

kinetic effect—warm dominant

emotion

warm:•advance•suggest aggression, sunlight, heat, blood, arousal, stimulation•earthy, near, heavy, dry

cool:•receding•quiet, restful, airy, light•suggest sky, water, distance, foliage, shadows

metals

relative brilliance often interpreted as warm (gold)/cool (silver)

reflect and are totallyinfluenced by surroundings

participation activity: warm/cool collage

…using the colored paper you brought to share with the class create two collages of your choice: …one warm/one cool …showing different warm/cool proportions …showing tonality

…label each collage according to effect