INTELLIGENT TROLLEY

SYNOPSIS

Bachelor of Engineering

In

Electronics and Communication Engineering

Proposed By

Mohit Yadav A50105111040

Sagar Swain A50105112035

Saksham Aggarwal A50105112039

Siddharth Yadav A50105112007

Tanushree Kansal A50105112023

Under the guidance of

Mr Neeraj Gupta Mrs Shruti Karkra

Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering

Amity School of Engineering & Technology

Amity University Haryana

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Table of Contents TABLE OF FIGURES................................................................................................................................... 1

ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................ 2

INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 3

MOTIVATION ........................................................................................................................................... 4

OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................................................................... 5

SCOPE ...................................................................................................................................................... 6

LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................................... 7

TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY ...................................................................................................................... 8

TOOLS: ................................................................................................................................................. 8

TECHNOLOGY: ..................................................................................................................................... 8

BLOCK DIAGRAM ................................................................................................................................... 10

FLOW CHART ......................................................................................................................................... 11

APPLICATIONS ....................................................................................................................................... 12

REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................................... 13

Table of Figures FIGURE 1: VISUAL ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. 2

FIGURE 2: BLOCK DIAGRAM .................................................................................................................. 10

FIGURE 3: SYSTEM FLOW CHART .......................................................................................................... 11

FIGURE 4: TABLE SHOWING RETAIL STORES IN INDIA .......................................................................... 12

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ABSTRACT

An innovative product with societal acceptance is the one that aids the comfort, convenience

and efficiency in everyday life. Purchasing and shopping at big stores is becoming daily

activity in almost all cities nowadays. We can see big rush at these stores on holidays and

weekends. People use trolleys to carry purchases around. After completion of purchases, one

needs to go to billing counter for payments. At billing counter the cashier prepare the bill

using bar code reader which is very time consuming process and results in long queue at

billing counter.

In this project, we develop a product “Intelligent Trolley” to assist a person in everyday

shopping, in terms of reduced time spent while purchasing.

The system will provide a technology oriented, programmable, low-cost, easily scalable, and

rugged system for assisting shopping in person using RFID module and RASPBERRY PI

module. In this system we are using RFID tags instead of barcodes.

This RFID tags on the products will be read by RFID reader on the trolley, thus an installed

Screen will display the product price, number of products and the total cost of the purchases.

The purchase details will be sent to the billing counter as soon as the customer hits the button

to end shopping using a Bluetooth Transceiver. The billing counter realises the identity of the

cart too, thereby eliminating the tedious job calculating the total cost of the purchases.

The details of the purchases of each cart with due date and time can be accessed from

anywhere over the internet.

The existing system is very slow, has a number of limitations (line of sight requirement), and

requires a lot of man-power. Though the system is computerized to a particular extent, it has

tons of modifications left to do.

Figure 1: Visual Abstract

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INTRODUCTION

In the modern world, every supermarket and hypermarkets employ shopping baskets and

shopping trolleys in order to aid customers to select and store the products which they intend

to purchase. The customers have to drop every product which they wish to purchase into the

shopping cart and then proceed to checkout at the billing counter. The billing process is quite

tedious and highly time consuming and has created the need for shops to employ more and

more human resource in the billing section, and yet waiting time remains considerably high.

In our project, we seem it fit, to propose an “Intelligent Trolley” which aims to reduce, and

possibly eliminate the total waiting time of customers, lower the total manpower requirement

and expenses for markets and increase efficiency overall. In a world where technology is

replacing the ways we pursue everyday activity, the future of the retail industry also lies in

more and more automated devices.

“This shopping cart will change the way people shop as radically as ATM’s changed

banking.”

The trolley will reduce and eliminate time taken in billing counter in supermarkets thus

allowing users to self-checkout and increase productivity.

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MOTIVATION

In survey we found that most of the people prefer to make purchases from any retail shop

instead of waiting in long queues to buy a few products in a supermarket. People are supposed

to stand in a long queue for billing and payment. While trying to come up with a solution to

the previously identified problem, recent years have seen the appearance of several

technological solutions for hypermarket assistance. All such solutions share the same

objectives: save consumer’s time and money, help these markets to win loyal clients.

Another problem faced by the management is the maintenance of the transaction records and

the absence of a live inventory leading to problems like, products being out of stock, thus

leading to the loss of customers.

We therefore, aimed at solving the above problem and also to make things easier not only for

the customers but also for the management of the store be it local or nationwide.

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OBJECTIVE

The objectives of the system are-

To create a better shopping experience for the customers by saving their time.

To minimize the man-power required at the shopping mall.

To handle the cases of deception.

To make the inventory more easily accessible and manageable.

To easily keep a check on the transactions of the day by store managers.

Ease of database maintenance.

To make the billing details accessible by the managers from anywhere around the

world.

This system is favourable at three ends-

Wholesaler/Headquarter

Retailer

Consumer

The live inventory allows the headquarters to keep track of the all the purchases each day at

all times for inventory tracking as well as future uses.

Instant billing will reduce man power required by each store at the payment counter, thus

using it for other purposes.

Total cost display will let the consumer know if they have exceeded their limit of purchase

and also save their time at the billing counter.

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SCOPE

This project has a large scope as it has the following features which help in making it easy to

use, understand and modify:

It is implemented using simplest and open source microcontroller (Arduino) available

today

It is pre-programmed and is re-programmable

It has absolutely no instruction to be followed by the consumer thus easy to use, by

any level of expertise.

Can be equipped by many other features when manufacturing commercially

Can be used to enhance security and prevent shoplifting

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LITERATURE REVIEW

Shopping in the present day usually involves waiting in line to get your items scanned for

checkout. This can result in a great deal of wasted time for customers. Furthermore, the

technology currently used in checkouts barcodes - is from another era, developed in the

1970s. Today barcodes are found on almost every item. Barcodes are a universal technology

in that they are the norm for retail products; stores that own a barcode reader can process

barcodes and imprint it on the products. The most important factor that is involved in barcode

scanning is that the product should be in the Line of Sight (LOS) of the reader in order to get

the barcode imprinted on the product scanned.

In 2009, the University of Arkansas Information Technology Research Institute completed a

study to determine the business value of RFID item-level tagging for day-to-day operations at

a major luxury retailer. The chain’s management evaluated the use of RFID tags in the denim

category. The results demonstrated that overall inventory accuracy improved by more than 27

percent, under stocks decreased by 21 percent, and overstocks decreased by 6 percent. The

study also compared how long it took to count items using RFID vs. a barcode reader. With

RFID, scanning 10,000 items took two hours; scanning with a barcode reader took 53 hours.

This translated into an average of 4,767 counted items per hour using RFID, and 209 items

per hour using a barcode system— a 96 percent reduction in cycle-counting time.

Ankit Anil Agarwal, Saurabh Kumar Sultania, Gourav Jaiswal, Prateek Jain (2011) in their

paper RFID Based Automatic Shopping Cart described the implementation of a system to

allow the consumer a new way of shopping. When arriving at the supermarket, the consumer

heads towards a shopping cart that has a technological system on its handle-bar which

consists of a monitor, a client card automatic reader, a positioning transmitter and a product

reader. Nevertheless, all these technologies become transparent to the consumer because only

monitor interaction will occur.

Bill McBeath in April 2013 said, to survive in 2013 and beyond, retailers need to make it easy

for consumers to buy anywhere, receive anywhere, and return anywhere. The key to this

cross-channel order promising is the ability, in real time, to locate and allocate available

inventory from any location, whether in the store, in DCs, in transit, or on order from the

manufacturer. This requires having a very accurate, real-time, item-level picture of inventory

at all these sources. RFID has proven to improve perpetual inventory accuracy in stores

dramatically, by 20%-30%. JC Penney improved perpetual inventory accuracy from 75% to

99% in categories using RFID.

In the present paper we aim to develop a system that will use RFID item level tagging to

exploit the benefits of RFID as well as provide a system which being cost effective will see its

implementation in small and large scale store.

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TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY

Tools:

Arduino IDE: - Arduino is a powerful IDE. The open-source Arduino Software (IDE)

makes it easy to write code and upload it to the board. The environment is written in

Java and based on Processing and other open-source software.

Proteus: - This circuit simulation package from Lab centre Electronics helps in easy

designing of circuits. It also provides simulation environment and PCB Layout.

Proteus PCB design combines the schematic capture and PCB layout programs to

provide a powerful, integrated and easy to use suite of tools for professional PCB

Design.

Raspbian: - Raspbian is a free operating system based on Debian optimized for the

Raspberry Pi hardware. Raspbian provides more than a pure OS: it comes with over

35,000 packages, precompiled software bundled in a nice format for easy installation

on your Raspberry Pi.

Technology:

Arduino: - The Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It

has 54 digital input/output pins (of which 15 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog

inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB

connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything

needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB

cable or power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

Raspberry Pi: - The Raspberry Pi is a series of credit card–sized single-board

computers developed in England, United Kingdom by the Raspberry Pi Foundation.

All Raspberry Pis include the same VideoCore IV graphics processing unit (GPU),

and either a single-core ARMv6-compatible CPU or a newer ARMv7-compatible

quad-core one (in Pi 2); and 1 GB of RAM (in Pi 2), 512 MB (in Pi 1 models B and

B+) or 256 MB (in models A and A+, and in the older model B). They have a Secure

Digital (SDHC) slot (models A and B) or a MicroSDHC one (models A+, B+, and Pi

2) for boot media and persistent storage.

RFID Readers: - An RFID reader is a network connected device (fixed or mobile) with

an antenna that sends power as well as data and commands to the tags. The RFID

reader acts like an access point for RFID tagged items so that the tags' data can be

made available to business applications.

RFID Tags: - A Radio Frequency Identification Tag (RFID tag) is an electronic tag

that exchanges data with a RFID reader through radio waves. Most RFID tags are

made up of at least two main parts. The first is an antenna, which receives radio

frequency (RF) waves. The second is an integrated circuit (IC), which is used for

processing and storing data, as well as modulating and demodulating the radio waves

received/sent by the antenna.

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Real Time Clock: - A real-time clock (RTC) is a computer clock (most often in the

form of an integrated circuit) that keeps track of the current time.

Graphics LCD: - A graphic LCD (liquid crystal display) is an electronic visual display

technology used in different gadgets and information-output sources, mostly in display

screens of electronic devices. This technology employs manipulating tiny crystals of a

contained liquid crystal solution through precise electronic signals to perform graphic

display operations over a two-dimensional physical screen.

Bluetooth Module: - Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data

over short distances (using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the ISM band from

2.4 to 2.485 GHz) from fixed and mobile devices and building personal area networks

(PANs). Invented by telecom vendor Ericsson in 1994, it was originally conceived as

a wireless alternative to RS-232 data cables. It can connect several devices,

overcoming problems of synchronization.

Wi-Fi Dongle: - A Wi-Fi dongle, also referred to as a data card, is a portable device

that can be plugged into a computer's Ethernet port, providing mobile access to a finite

amount of Internet data. These products can give users 2G, 3G or 4G connectivity

speeds, and they are offered by numerous companies and service providers at varying

prices and service plans.

Cloud Storage: - Cloud storage is a model of data storage in which the digital data is

stored in logical pools. Cloud storage services may be accessed through a co-located

cloud computer service, a web service application programming interface (API) or by

applications that utilize the API, such as cloud desktop storage, a cloud storage

gateway or Web-based content management systems.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 2: Block Diagram

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SYSTEM FLOW CHART

Figure 3: System Flow Chart

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APPLICATIONS

Retail Stores:

A place of business usually owned and operated by a retailer but sometimes owned

and operated by a manufacturer or by someone other than a retailer in which

merchandise is sold primarily to ultimate consumers.

Pantaloon Retail 65 stores and 21 factory outlets in 35 cities, 2 million square feet space

Shoppers Stop 51 stores in 23 cities, 3.2 million square feet space

Spencers Retail 200 stores in 45 cities, 1 million square feet space

Reliance Retail 708 mart and supermarkets, 20 wholesale stores in 15 cities, 508 fashion

and lifestyle Rs. 1206 crore (US$180 million) per month sales in 2013

Bharti Retail 74 Easyday stores, plans to add 10 million square feet by 2017

Birla More 575 stores nationwide

Tata Trent 59 Westside mall stores, 13 hypermarkets

Lifestyle Retail 15 lifestyle stores, 8 home centers

Future Group 193 stores in 3 cities, one of three largest supermarkets retailer in India by

sales Rs. 916 crore (US$130 million) per month sales in 2013

Figure 4: Table showing Retail Stores in India

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REFERENCES

1. www.ijecs.in

2. http://www.3dbarcode.info/near-field-communication.html

3. research.ijcaonline.org

4. http://www.ijesit.com/volume%202/issue%204/ijesit201304_64.pdf

5. www.rfidjournal.com

6. http://www.ijecs.in/issue/v4-i3/58%20ijecs.pdf

7. http://research.ijcaonline.org/icccmit2014/number3/icccmit7026.pdf

8. A.sarac,n.absi, s.dauzere-peres, ―a literature review of impact of rfid technologies in

supply chain management‖, france, march 2009

9. Ankit anil agarwal, saurabh kumar sultania, gourav jaiswal, prateek jain.‖ rfid based

automatic shopping cart‖, control theory and informatics vol 1, no.1, 2011.3

10. Bill mcbeath, the explosion of retail item-level rfid: a foundation for the retail

revolution, april 2013.

.