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Intensive Programme on

Programme

Instituto Politécnico de Tomar

(Museum of Prehistoric Art of Mação)

3-13 March 2008

Edited with the support of the Museum of Prehistoric Art of Mação and the Municipality of Mação

INTENSIVE PROGRAMME ON TOTAL QUALITY HERITAGE MANAGEMENT

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List of acronyms used in the text

Partners IPT – Polytechnic Institute of Tomar (co-ordinator) BU – Brno University GU – Gotland University UNIFE – University of Ferrara MNHN – National Museum of Natural History, Paris IU – University of Istambul URV – University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona VU – Vilnius Pedagogical University TU – Tagoviste University Special Collaboration HI – Herity Other collaborations BP – Benefits and Profits CAPES – The CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil CC – World Heritage Convent of Christ CIAAR – Interpretation Centre for the Archaeology of the Alto Ribatejo CU – Cambridge University EM – Erasmus Mundus visiting lecturer EPOCH – European Research Network of Excellence in Open Cultural Heritage FBA – Faculty of Arts, Lisbon University FCG – Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation FUMDHAM – Fundação Museu do Homem Americano/ Brazil ICEP – Portuguese Foreign Trade Institute IGESPAR – Portuguese Institute for the Management of Heritage IMC – Institute of Museums and Conservation, Portugal ITM – Instituto Terra e Memória, Portugal LU – Latvia University MAP – Museum of Prehistoric Art, Mação MMC – Monographic Museum of Conimbriga QP – Quaternaire Portugal UISPP – International Union for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences UNL – New University of Lisbon UTAD – University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro For any further information: Please contact Dr. Claúdia Fidalgo at [email protected] or write to Prof. Luiz Oosterbeek, IP Total Quality Cultural Heritage Management, Instituto Politécnico de Tomar, Av. Dr. Cândido Madureira 13, 2300 TOMAR, Portugal


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Programme outline (4 ECTS)

Pre-IP Seminar on Atypical industries on non-flint raw-materials Place: CIAAR (Vila Nova da Barquinha)

01 – Design of chrono-stratigraphic and environmental framework tables without biological data.

Chrono-startigraphy of the Tagus terraces. Strategies of micro-space approach to the terraces.

Quartzite industries sutuies’ methodology (technology, experimentation, traceology).

02 – Few Bordes’ types, some relation to the raw-material (quality and availability). Absence of

bifaces and handaxes and rarity of Levallois: how to interpret? Problems of experimentation with

non-flint raw material (session in Mação).

03 – How to interpret behaviour variability in the Tagus valley (adaptation, convergence,

recurrence)?

Total Quality Cultural Heritage Management IP Place: Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação)

03 – Arrival to Mação

04 – Introduction

05 – Value

06 – Conservation of CH assets: Threats

07 – Conservation of CH assets: Decisions

08 – Conservation of CH assets: Results

09 – Conservation of CH assets: Demonstrations

10 – Communication

11 – Use

12 – Reports

13 – Assessment

Post-IP 3rd Iberian-American Archaeology Seminar Place: Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação)

14 – Industries and human adaptations

15 – Environment and research methodologies


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INTENSIVE PROGRAMME ON TOTAL QUALITY HERITAGE MANAGEMENT (4 ECTS)

Introduction The current programme builds from a long experience of co-operation among the partners, but wishes to include an approach closer to HERITY’s principles, which distinguish four main critical areas for the quality management of our common Cultural Heritage. Cultural Heritage stands at the core of European integration, in its diversity, as recognised after Mastricht. Its relevance derives from its identitarian dimension and its economic importance, namely in relation to tourism. The need to study, protect and disseminate the knowledge on European Heritage has long been recognised by all member states, and by UNESCO alike. Currently, several University diplomas are offered in Europe that deal with cultural heritage management. This has a direct relation to expansion of the labour market in this sector.

Yet, quality assurance is still to be introduced as a key concept in the Heritage sector. There is a clear lack, in Europe, of qualified experts in Heritage QA (Quality Assurance). This is, partially, a result of the tensions and contradictions between the traditional approaches to Heritage from the two main activity sectors involved: tourism operors (focusing on the dissemination of contents and on the accessibility to the Heritage) and the cultural agents (focusing on the study and preservation). These tensions led to an inbalance between sustainability and compatibility interventions, with strong cultural and economic negative impacts. The need to harmonise these different interests is crucial for a proper QA approach, that needs to consider them all (thus the need for a global quality Heritage management). But this situation also derives from the fact that Heritage management is mainly taught in the Humanistic departments, wheres QA has been mainly developed in the Economy and Engineering departments.

The partners in this programme have collaborated in this direction, and some were involved in a previous IP that was successful in creating a module in various courses. We now intend to promote a new module on global quality management into the existing diplomas, in close articulation with the non-university sector. The partnership is built on the relations that several members of the consortium have with non-university entities (namely Museums and Tourism agents), some which also collaborate in the IP. A major articulation exists with the International NGO HERITY (agency accredited by UNESCO to assess the quality of the management of the World Heritage Sites), given the fact that some of its members are lecturers in this programme. HERITY is involved in the external assessement of the IP.

The QA has to be done at an European scale, given the mentioned current international dynamics of total quality in Heritage management, that risks to be implemented with little engagement of the academia.

The IP is a teaching module, built within several curricula, corresponding to 4 ECTS. It aims at bringing together students and staff from various European Universities integrating various understandings of QA, including ICT (crucial for a proper transparent process). Students will discuss and train competences from the diagnosis of contexts to the preparation of management plans and evaluation systems.

The structure of the course will be the same in the three years, but a specialised different focus on a sub-topic will be made every year.

The 1st year has the following structure: 1. Introduction: international scenarios and challenges for the recognition of critical areas in CHM; 2. Value: Signs, meanings, value as a base for management decisions in Conservation, Diffusion and use of the Cultural Heritage; 3. Conservation of CH assets (Threats; Results; Decisions; Practical demonstrations); 4. Communication (introduction); 5. Use (introduction); 6. Conclusions; 7. Evaluation.

The variation in year 2 will be: 3. Conservation (introduction); 4. Communication (Why; How; Products; Practical demonstrations); 5. Use (introduction).

The variation in year 3 will be: 3. Conservation (introduction); 4. Communication (introduction); 5. Use (A better visit; Tourism; Innovation; Practical demonstrations). Parts 1, 2, 6 and 7 remain unchanged.

The European Policy Strategy of the IPT (IP co-ordinator), as well as of the partners, stresses the relevance of the Bologna process and of the building of international teaching and learning programmes, namely for the QA of the teaching process itself. Moreover, Heritage is, since the origin of the IPT, one of its strongest areas. IPT offers first cycles on Archaeology, on Cultural Heritage Management, on Conservation and on Cultural Tourism. It also offers a Master programme on Prehistoric Archaeology and Rock Art, that comprises a specialisation on Heritage Management. This Master is part of the European Erasmus Mundus on Quaternary and Prehistrory, taught jointly with the UNIFE, MNHN, URV and UTAD.


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One of the strategic aims of the IP is to strenghten the relations among the consortium members and the non-university sector, also enabling the fast dissemination of good practices developed at international or national scale, with a particular attention to the use of ICT in this field. The impact of the IP in all these dimensions will be quantitative (given the newness of the topic in the Heritage sector) but mainly qualitative. QA is a key priority for Europe in all sectors, and the IP will contribute to implement it also in the Heritage sector, rendering it more efficient and competitive.

The structure of the IP comprises an introduction to the theoretical various understandings of QA, followed by case studies and the discussion of the specific Herity Global Evaluation System. The students will be introduced, after this, to specific assessment criteria and methodologies, including specific software. This way, he IP has a first “learn by concepts” part, followed by a “learn by doing” one.

The IP is open to 3rd year students of the first cycle of the Bologna model, and to the second (Master) cycle. In fact, being a module, it is of use for both cycles, with a similar ECTS accreditation. It must be stressed that some partners have, for long, Erasmus and Erasmus Mundus exchanges. Students were selected, after an open offer of grants for mobility, on the basis of their academic performance. The specific selection procedure varies among the partners.

All partners have an experience in teaching Heritage management, offering diplomas in various relevant dimensions (Heritage and landscape, industrial Heritage, landscape architecture and Heritage, rural Heritage, archaeological Heritage, museum studies, etc.). In this sense, the partners are, also, complementary in their specific vocations. It must be stressed that Heritage is, from a starting point, a local and national asset, and that to build its European dimension is also subject to resistance. Quality Assurance is a powerful mechanism in this dimension, given the radical supra-national dimension of QA.

The partnership The partnership includes 10 university partners that cover different cultural and disciplinary realities in the European Union. Instituto Politécnico de Tomar (PT) – the co-ordinator, a Polytechnic, has a long experience in this domain, having co-ordinated several IPs related to heritage issues. It lectures Heritage management at B.A. and Master level. Apart from the B.A., it is involved in an Erasmus Mundus project, with M.N.H.Naturelle, U.R. Virgili and U. Ferrrara. University of Gotland (SW) – is a former Polytechnic with a vast experience in Heritage management, including the support of the Vikings’ Heritage route and the world Heritage site of Visby. The department has been associatd to previous IP on Heritage management and collaborate with Tomar in several projects. Universitá degli Studi di Ferrara (IT) – it lectures a Laurea in cultural Heritage and co-ordinates the mentioned Erasmus Mundus project. It has a vast experience in international co-operation, within Erasmus and many other programmes. University of Technology, Brno (CZ) – this technical university brings to the project the special focus on industrial heritage. It has been a part of a previous IP on Heritage management, and is deeply committed to the implementation of total quality in the Tcheque Republic. Latvian University of Agriculture (LV) – also a partner in the previous IP on Heritage management, it brings to the project the sector of Landscape architecture. It involves students in this field, namely in relation to landscape planning. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (FR) – this University lectures at Master level and is engaged in the Erasmus Mundus network and has a long tradition in Museum studies and archaeological sites management. These sites are part of the background training of the IP students. Universitat Rovira I Virgili (ES) – offers BA and Master education, being part of the Erasmus Mundus network and having a long experience in museums and sites management. Université Valahia de Targoviste (RO) has a major strategic investment in Heritage teaching programmes and has a wide co-operation with the co-ordinator. University of Vilnius (LT) has, for long, occupied a leading role in total quality studies, and its BA and Master students and staff will become from this area. University of Istanbul (TR) has a long experience in heritage management and assures a transversal European vision open to Asiatic contributions. The project has been thoroughly discussed by all partners, also with the consultancy of HERITY. The programme contents are secured in articulation among them. Erasmus Mundus Cultural week Organised by the students with the support of the Museum of Prehistoric Art of Mação, this will be a series of late-day events to present the cultural diversity of nations present, from Europe and beyond, in the Erasmus Mundus programme.

Luiz Oosterbeek


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Detailed Programme

March 3rd Arrival of Participants March 4th – Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação) 9.00 – Opening session Introduction: international scenarios and challenges for the recognition of critical areas in CHM 9.30 – Luiz Oosterbeek (IPT, IP Co-ordinator) and Rossano Lopes Bastos (EM) – Why critical areas exist: emulation in CHM 11.00 – Coffee-break 11.30 – Gunilla Runesson (GU) – New perspectives? 13.00 – Lunch 15.00 – Maurizio Quagliuolo (HI Secretary General) – On what basis a visitor will return to and/or advice to go to a site 16.30 – Coffee-break 17.00 – Discussion March 5th – Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação) Value: Signs, meanings, valorization as a base for management decisions in Conservation, Diffusion and use of the Cultural Heritage – session 1 9.00 – Virgilio Correia (MMC Director) – Value and valorization at the Conimbriga archaeological site and museum 10.30 – Coffee-break 11.00 – Fernando António Baptista Pereira (FBA) – Value, Meaning and Aesthetics 12.30 - Lunch 14.30 – Isabel Raposo Magalhães (IMC, Vice-Director) – The experience of the Portuguese Institute of Museums and Conservation 15.30 – Evita Alle (VU) – Quality Certification of Open Landcapes (Parks and Green Spaces) 16.00 – Iria Esteves Caetano (CC Director) – Conservation strategy at the Convent of Christ 17.00 – Helena Zemankova (BU) – Conservation of Industrial Heritage 18.00 – UISPP-PPCHM meeting (restricted) March 6th – Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação) Conservation of CH assets – Threats 9.00 – João Coroado (IPT) – Physical Threats: Effects of temperature and water and on materials in close spaces. 10.30 – Coffee-break 11.00 – Cláudia Falcão (IPT) – Biodeterioration: different aspects of biological action, concerning the care of cultural assets 12.30 - Lunch 14.30 – Mara Urtane (LU) – Balancing use and preservation 15.15 – Juri Urtans (LU) – Treasure hunter pits at the culture historical stones in Eastern Latvia. Old or new memories? 16.00 – Coffee-break 16.30 – Cidália Delgado (CIAAR) – Fire risks management 17.00 – Tiago Tomé (ITM) – Summing-up: Conservation within Cultural Heritage Management


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March 7th – Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação) Conservation of CH assets – Decisions 9.00 – Study visit to Tomar (Polytechnic’s Conservation Labs and Convent of Christ) Erasmus Mundus Cultural week 21.00 – Opening, with presentation on all countries present. Dances, songs, dress codes, multimedia presentation March 8th – Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação) Conservation of CH assets – Results 9.00 – Visit to the Ocreza rock art park 13.00 – Lunch 15.00 – Cristiane Buco (ITM, UTAD, CAPES) – Case study: SERRA DA CAPIVARA: Cultural Heritage and Socioeconomic Development in the Northeast of Brazil 15.30 – François Sèmah (MNHN) – Case study: Cave and open air prehistoric sites management in Java, Indonesia 16.00 – Coffee-break 16.30 – Robert Sala (URV) – Case study: Atapuerca 17.00 – Gonçalo Leite Velho (IPT) – The role of IT in CH assets conservation 17.30 – Discussions Erasmus Mundus Cultural week 21.00 – Brazil’s Night March 9th – Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação) Conservation of CH assets – Practical demonstrations 9.30 – Anabela Pereira (MAP) – Preliminary conservation of objects 10.30 – Coffee-break 11.00 – Pedro Serra (MAP) – Casts 13.00 – Lunch 14.30 – Casts (part two) Erasmus Mundus Cultural week 21.00 – India’s Night March 10th – Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação) Communication (introduction) 9.30 – Margarida Morais (MAP) – Spaces of Memory in Mação, Construction socially participated of perspectives of the Material Culture 10.15 – Britt Baillie (CU, IU) – Cultural Heritage in the line of fire 11.00 – Coffee-break 11.30 – Joana Neves (ICEP) – Cultural Heritage communication and tourism 13.00 – Lunch 15.00 – Presentations by IP students

Sarka Volemova – Industrial cultural heritage: the SERIOM building (introducing the project) Katerina Smardova – The Organisation and the Aim of the Workshop Roman Strnad – Three Case Studies on the Industrial Heritage – the new image of a silo


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Edena Alija – The Fleet that was lost Daniel Sandgren – The medieval churches on Gotland Johanna Rander Sallström – Medieval houses in Visby Madara Pidza – Church gardens in Latgale Sanda Akmentina –Historical gardens of Riga and garden architect Georg Kufalt Liga Romanovska – Historical bridge in Kuldiga Omar Fragomeni – Heritage conservation: the case of Isernia la Pineta

17.00 – Renaldas Gudauskas (VU) – Global Communication and Cultural Heritage Management 17.30 – Trans-formations projets presentation (IPT, EPOCH) Erasmus Mundus Cultural week 21.00 – Mauritias Islands’ Night

March 11th – Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação) Use (introduction) 9.30 – Jorge Rodrigues (FCG, UNL) – Conceptual and Management threats 11.00 – Coffee-break 11.30 – José Portugal (QP) – Use and conservation 13.00 – Lunch 15.00 – João Pedro Cunha Ribeiro (IGESPAR, Vice-President) – Total Quality Management of Archaeological Sites 16.00 – Vítor Teixeira (BP) – Use and Management of Cultural Sites and Monuments 17.00 – HERITY Portugal meeting (restricted) Erasmus Mundus Cultural week 21.00 – China’ Night March 12th – Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação) Reports 9.30 – Last student’s presentations and final reports

Cecilia Buonsanto – Pirro Nord: the First Paleoproject of Europe Emanuele Cancellieri – Elaine Ignacio – Estudo de caso: O SIG no Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara Renata F. Barbosa – Legislation on Protection of Archaeological Heritage in Brazil Tania Quero – Rock engravings and paintings in the Neolithic period: the case of Porto Badisco Andreia Lopes – Conservação em Arte Rupestre Sara Garcez – Conservação da arte rupestre do Vale do Sousa Valentina Catagnano – The bones conservation

11.00 – Coffee-break Pamela G. Faylon – Approaches to heritage conservation in Asia Andjarwati Sri Sajekti – Sangiran Early Man Site (World Heritage Property In Indonesia) Arun Peter Malat – Rock shelters in Edakkal Valley, Wayanad, Kerala, South India Luiz Alberto de Souza Junior – The natural and the symbolic: some reflections on the incorporation of two new elements in the concept of heritage

Emma Imalawa – Ilknur Ari – Site Management problems of Kanligecit excavations Turhan Ülgür – Problems related to the restoration and management of Asikli Höyük Ana Catarina Ferreira – Conservação do Património no Cabo Espichel Filipe Paiva – Archaeology of Lousã João M. Pereira – Conservação do Património em Alcobaça

12.30 – Lunch


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Round-Table 14.30 – Round table with students and debate with local authorities Erasmus Mundus Cultural week 21.00 – Portugal’ Night March 13th – Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação) Assessment of students March 14th – Museum of Prehistoric Art (Mação) Departure


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Abstracts (in alphabetical order)

Andjarwati Sri Sajekti (MNHN) – Sangiran Early Man Site

Sangiran is an Early Man Site, located on 18 KM from the North of Solo City and stretches out in three sub districts in Sragen Regency (Kalijambe, Gemolong, and Plupuh) and one sub district in Karanganyar Regency (Gondang Rejo) Central Java, Indonesia. Astronomically, Sangiran lies on : 110°48’56’’-110°53’00’’ LU and 07°24’22,50’’-07°30’22,90’’LS. Sangiran Site has been declared as the World Heritage in the List number C 593 since December 5th, 1996. This site is very important for a geological study. It has the most comprehensive stratigraphy layers in South East Asia from The Last Pliocene period to last of Pleistocence period (about 2 million years ago). Early archaeological excavations conducted within the Sangiran area started from 1936 to 1941, led to the discovery of the first hominid fossil at this site. Later, more than 50 fossils of Meganthropus palaeo and Pithecanthropus erectus/Homo erectus were found – half of all the world's known hominid fossils. Inhabited for the past one and a half million years, Sangiran is one of the key sites for the understanding of human evolution completely with the archaeology contexts. So many archaeological remains can be the important value to reconstruct of the ancient human culture completely with their past environment. Homo erectus produced the Sangiran flake Industry during the Paleolithic period.

Indonesian Government collaborated with the UNESCO have seriously motivation to conserve this site. So many stageholders involved in this project could discover the important of this site, even the local community. The program of the conservation consists of physical conservation, Law and regulation protection, and Management conservation. Thus, the conservation is hopefully will be strengthen and yield the most benefit to all involved. Andreia Lopes (IPT/UTAD) – Conservação em Arte Rupestre

Main factors leading to the degradation of rock art panels. Conservation and recording methods.

Arun Peter Malat (MNHN) – Rock shelters in Edakkal Valley, Wayanad, Kerala, South India

In the history of rock art research in India, Edakkal valley refers special reference, since it was here witnessed, one among the earliest discovery of Petroglyphs in whole world, by Fred Fawcett in 1894. Even though it is unique, in its motifs, style of depiction, technique of engraving, it has no parallels in India, no scientific study has been carried out yet. Edakkal valley situates in Ambalawayal village, in district Wayanad of Kerala state, south India. Altogether there are two rock shelters which bear Petroglyphs, are Edakkal and Tovari. Cecilia Buonsanto (UniFe) – Pirro Nord: the First Paleoproject of Europe

Pirro Nord (Apulia, Italy) is known by the palaeontologists since 1960 for its typical Villafranchian faunal unity, but from the 2006 the attention is pointed on others kind of discoveries, now referred to the Homo and his flint lithic artefacts, attributable to a chronological interval between 1.3 and 1.7 Ma BP. The importance of these evidences makes necessary to divulgate and to valorise the territory of Apricena Caves and to start a museographic project with the aim to inform and answer about questions made not only by the experts but also by a various and heterogenic public, that is just discovering the dispersal of the genus Homo and his first occurrence in Europe.

Cláudia Falcão (IPT) – Biodeterioration: different aspects of biological action, concerning the care of cultural assets

1. Introduction. Defining Preservation: different concepts and different approaches (Prevention, conservation, restoration).

2. Damage and decay factors. Biological risks. 2.1. The range of deteriogens, causes and consequences of their action. 2.2. Aesthetics and material effects of biodegradation. Principal threats to inorganic and

organic substrates (stone, cellulosic materials, natural products of animal origin…). 3. Risk assessment and risk management. Detection techniques for biodeteriogenic

microorganisms. The control of biodeterioration.


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Cristiane Buco (ITM, UTAD, CAPES) – Case study: SERRA DA CAPIVARA: Cultural Heritage and Socioeconomic Development in the Northeast of Brazil

The National Park Serra da Capivara surface comprises 130.000 ha with a perimeter of 129 km. It is administrated as a partnership between IBAMA, (Brazilian Institute for the preservation of the natural environment) the Ministry for the environment and FUMDHAM (Foundation of the Museum of American Man), an organization of public interest, based at São Raimundo Nonato.

In the Park and the surrounding area, the quantity of archaeological sites, most of them with rock paintings, is enormous. Due to its importance and the great antiquity of human presence in the region, the park was in 1991 included in UNESCO’s list of World Heritage.

The infrastructure of the Park comprises trails and access roads to the archaeological sites and the beautiful scenery, signposts, gate-houses, supply bases, a centre for visitors, wooden runways for access to the sites, leisure and picnic areas, rain water supply tanks and the amphitheatre of Pedra Furada, an open air stage with capacity for 1.300 persons, a place of rare beauty.

Nowadays we have 170 children and 40 adolescents at the arts centre in São Raimundo Nonato with a program called Pró-Arte FUMDHAM, offering visual arts lessons, capoeira and playing a musical instrument as well as building up a chorus.

For more than 30 years, research and patrimonial preservation have worked hand in hand thus accomplishing a remarkable social and economic development.

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Daniel Sandgren (GU) – The medieval churches on Gotland The Churches on Gotland are many and almost all of them from medieval time, between 1100-

century to the 1300-century. Gotland is in a class of its own when it comes to churches and church building in Sweden. They have counted that almost every village on 15-17 farms had there on church under the medieval time. And today in almost every church the medieval heritage is still there and highly obvious and evident, it feels like time has stand still for many hundred years. There is today almost a 100 good preserved medieval churches on Gotland and counts to one of the islands biggest culture heritage.

Edena Alija (GU) - The Fleet that was lost

The 27th of July 1566 the Danish/German fleet anchored just outside Visby harbour to repair damages that the Swedish fleet had caused them during their battles. Also a hurricane was heading towards Visby. In this storm all their 15 ships was sunk and the crew was killed. The ships were never found until now when an expedition loaded with sonar found remains from some of them. The matter that I will cast light on in this presentation is the problem with tourist ships anchoring just outside the harbour, where the fleet was lost. To be able to save these ships there need to be a prohibition against anchoring where the ships have been found.

The longer it takes for the prohibition, the slimmer are the chances of finding somewhat complete ships. But this ban isn’t as easy as it sounds…

Elaine Ignácio (IPT/UTAD) – GIS in Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara Geographic Information System (GIS) is a tool that can be used to understand the relational dynamics between the different areas that intermingle with archeological research. As a study case I will present the example of the Serra da Capivara National Park, in the Northeast of Brazil, that is an alive and active organism. It’s the only domain of caatinga, full of archeological sites with rock art, declared cultural heritage of humankind by UNESCO. Filipe Paiva (IPT/UTAD) – Archaeology of Lousã Lousã is small village located on the center of Portugal and has some special characteristics on soils, showing many differences at geological level compared to the regions near. In terms of landscape, 1/3 of the area of Lousã is dominated by mountain landscape, where we can find schist soils, while on the rest of the territory we find alluvial soils, situated on the Lousã basis, near the principal water lines. The presentation will give a general view of Lousã, doing a contextualization of several key aspects and making a reconstruction of the Lousã Basin. Some artefacts will be showed and they will be correlated to the reconstruction of the old Lagoon in Lousã.


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Gunilla Runesson (GU) – New perspectives?

When discussing the Cultural Heritage concepts as Preserve, Quality, and Value have been the key-words and this is true for many countries in Europe. The significance of preserve, quality and value are the guidelines for all who works with these issues. Also Authenticity is of importance and that the Cultural Heritage is a part of our identity is evident for many of us.

Not new but more highlighted than before are concepts as: Use/users, Young People, Sustainable Development and Democracy. This is also a trend in how to think about the Cultural Heritage and foremost the representatives in the “business” emphasise that the users should be the most influential group and in the end this is a democratic issue. In all, this is a good thing but it also raises questions of how to go on with it! For example, the concept of use/users can be problematic; one can always put a prefix- MIS- before it and then it becomes dangerous! To use the Cultural Heritage can also be difficult in context with Preserve having in mind that it is a non-renewable resource and this must be considered thoroughly. And in the name of Democracy; who has the priority to select what is Cultural Heritage?

I think these issues are discussed more widely today because of the theoretical framework In Archaeology methods have improved and post-modern theories are nowadays well established in the universities. Due to that graduate students now are in services in the cultural heritage sector, one can notice a theoretical shift also in these organisations. New, or at least others, theories are implemented in the field of practice. This is, from my point of view, something positive; The Cultural Heritage can be seen more as a subjective experience and it can differs for different groups of people. There is nowadays not just one huge Narrative; there are many tales to consider when dealing with the Heritage and to fulfil the content of all the beautiful key-words. Helena Zemankova (BU) – Conservation of Industrial Heritage

The Vitkovice engineering company has a colourful history dating back to the 1820's. As a predominant industrial company in the North-Moravian Region and among the largest ones in Central europe, it was not only an industrial but also culrural centre. On April 10th, 2000, in a regulation n°4.736/1997, the Czech Ministry of Culture declared the Vitkovice Steel Works, Coke Plant and Blast Furnaces (including a part of the Hlubina Mine) a cultural monument and, in 2002, the Czech government declared it a National Culture Monument (NCM) These industrial premises have been put on a tentative list for being put on the World Heritage List of UNESCO ("Industrial sets in Ostrava") from the year 2001. In May 2005 Vitkovice a.s., as the owner of the NCM, became the solution provider to a project financed by the Czech Ministry for Local Development entitled "The Target Apppearance of the National Cultural Monument" in the lower part of Vitkovice a.s., which is expected to become the basis for discussion on a sustainable scope of the NCM. Part of the above project is a "Town-Planning Study of Access To and Use Of the NCM - draft concept of using the NCM zone - Premises Owned by Vitkovice a.s., made by a team led by prof. Ing. arch. Helena Zemankova, CSc. The programme transforms the NCM area - the coke plant and blast furnaces zone - into a specific central public park representing both the important historic era of the industrial Vitkovice and the current activities of Vitkovice a.s.

João Coroado (IPT) – Physical Threats: Effects of temperature and water and on materials in close spaces.

1. Introduction 2. Effects of humidity and temperature on museums materials 3. The dependence of temperature and humidity: the dew point effect 4. The use of Psicrometric chart in the indoor ambient control. 5. Interaction of Materials with the environment 6. Deterioration of some Archaeological Materials

Johanna Rander Sallström (GU) – Medieval houses in Visby

When you go and visit Gotland and Visby, one of the first thing you will notice are the houses. Many of Visbys houses has a long history, the oldest dates back to the medieval times about 1100 – 1300 ad .


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The problem in a city like Visby are that you have to move forward as well as preserve the history of the city. To do this you must compromise, because you can’t stand still in time even though you want to do that sometimes. So which houses are we going to preserve to look as they always have looked and which ones can we change and take in to the future? Who can choose this? What can we do to move forward but still keep some history? Juri Urtans (LU) – Treasure hunter pits at the culture historical stones in Eastern Latvia. Old or new memories?

At the present the treasure hunting is one of the branches of black archaeology and is a threat to the heritage. The treasure hunting is one of the doings, which was conducted also in the previous centuries. It is impossible to distinguish early archaeological excavations pits especially in the barrows from the treasure hunter pits. The paper is based on the field work concentrating on the survey of so called Money stones in 2005 – 2006. All surveyed stones are surrounded by the pits. It is possible to say, that the pits were produced many times in the course of lifetime of several generations. The Money stones up to the present are connected with the legends about treasures and up to the present the treasure hunters following the old legends are diging for the treasures.

Katerina Smardova (BU) – The Organisation and the Aim of the Workshop

A presentation on the organisation of the workshop targeted at an unused silo house which can be considered as an industrial cultural heritage and the activity in general.

Organisation: Local municipality of San giovanni Valdarno and Polynt company - factory producing plastics.

Objectives: Transformation of the image of an unused silo house, a huge building constituting a grey spot on a fine image of the little town.

Participants: Students and tutors from the universities of Firenze (It), Brno (Cz), Saarbrucken (De), Nancy (Fr). The silo - Site plan – the chemical factory and the silo on the edge of the premise - Plans and sections - Responding the questions of the building programme - Who for, why, how - Using the analysis results, interviews to the company representatives, one’s own inspiration

Activity: One week work in a studio inside the Polynt’s premises. Analyzing the theme and assignment, surroundings _ work progress _ submission, presentation and exhibition. Work in multinational groups of 2 to 4 people. A number of trips to local highlights (Firenze, Siena, Toscana landscape)

Luiz Alberto de Souza Júnior (MNHN) – The natural and the symbolic: some reflections on the incorporation of two new elements in the concept of heritage This work aims to analyze the incorporation of the notions of natural and symbolic assets in the concept of heritage. While the idea of natural preservation has already well defined parameters and coherent actions, the protection of immaterial assets stills struggles for its development. The union of these two points in an idea of unity for the heritage is urgent. Luiz Oosterbeek (IPT, IP Co-ordinator) and Rossano Lopes Bastos (EM) – Why critical areas exist: emulation in CHM

How to protect this expanding Heritage? It is clear that the States do not have the resources to cope with this gigantic task. One should say more: States born from national concerns are not designed to protect a reality that pays no relation to their origins and that, in fact, tends to contradict their own existence. The inventory, study, protection and accessibility of Heritage demands a new management approach, in which the public institution play a major role, but tendentialy an increasingly more indirect one. New mechanisms, issued from this globalisation process that generates Heritage, are required. So far, there are still more questions than answers. It is clearer what can not be done, than what must be done. Some guidelines, though, may be considered: Quality; Diversification; Accessibility; Ranking. Mara Urtane (LU) – Balancing use and preservation


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The use of great part of cultural heritage sites has continuity during all centeries till to day.

Some of them were over built with new town structures, houses and villages, parks and used as agricultural or forest land. During last two centuries cultural heritage sites more and more are used as museums, education and recreation objects. In law on cultural heritage in many countries sad, that monuments can be used for purposes of science, education and culture, but for economical activities only then, when it is not make damage to the monument and is according to rules of monument protection. There is also strong symbolism attached to particular aspects of monuments and landscapes. It is also worth reconizing that scenic or aesthetic values are a legimate product of the cultural heritage and it’s landscape.

Margarida Morais (MAP) – Spaces of Memory in Mação, Construction socially participated of perspectives of the Material Culture

The 2000 year rock art rediscover in the Ocreza river valley along with the previous intention of Mação’s Town Hall of protecting and promoting the archaeological heritage of this region, launched an overall intervention project centred on the reorganization of the town Museum. Renewed as The Tagus Valley Prehistoric Art and Sacred Museum this institution is presently a regional centre committed to the study of the prehistoric population identities and their symbolic behaviours.

As part of this effort, the Museum of Mação is devoted to promote the construction of Memory Spaces, a mirror of the ways of being of its people. The basic goal is to build the concept of material culture by means of a socially participated engagement of the population, namely the elder one.

These Spaces of Memory are used for the protection and enhancement of stories and articles, exchange of experience and redemption of material and intangible memories of the people of Mação. They are places where the past is revived through oral testimonies attached to objects and instruments of work, artistic and cultural production, or documents, thus contributing for the consolidation of identities within the population of this region. In this sense, this Space is as a place for the full exercise of citizenship. The most important objective is create a connection between these recent past material culture (still present in the daily life of people) and Museum of Pre-Historic Art collections, as an exercise of understanding of cultural variability and human adaptation mechanisms. Also, this project engages people in managing the Heritage, including tourist itineraries and activities. The paper presents the state of the art of the project, its major achievements and difficulties. Pamela G. Faylona – Approaches to heritage conservation in Asia

This presentation briefly summarised the theoretical and practical approaches of heritage conservation in Asia. These approaches are divided into three subjects: (1) legal and policy conservation frameworks; (2) modern conservation technologies used; and (3) correlating indigenous knowledge and heritage management. These approaches contribute to a better conservation perspectives and challenges in the discipline of heritage management in Asia.

Renaldas Gudauskas (VU, Director of the Knowledge Management Centre, Institute of Social Communication) – Global Communication and Cultural Heritage Management

The academic field of global communication is that intersection of disciplines that studies the transborder transfer of values, attitudes, opinions, information, and data by individuals, groups, people, institutions, governments, and information technologies as well as the resulting controversial issue areas that arise from the structure of institutions responsible for promoting or inhibiting such messages among and between nations and cultures. So, in general global communication is a field of study, that encompasses among many issue areas also culture and national development.

In our modern society, when every country is becoming a part of world’s common economy, information and culture, a cultural heritage stays very important. It is a perfect means to encourage European openness, multiculturalism and cultural dialog. Dissemination of cultural heritage in modern and multicultural universe entitles people to search for the most suitable ways of dialogs in the context of global communication. Awareness of various cultures and subcultures, prediction of communication barriers and their management – the most important task for nowadays educational, cultural, scientific and political leaders.

Throughout history people have communicated across the globe as tourists and merchants. Today we have much more contact then ever before with the diverse cultures of the world. Taking into


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consideration an important role of cultural heritage in the information and communication processes within modern Knowledge societies, also stressing the common trend within cultural diversity we can recognize the process of a symbiosis of global communication and cultural heritage management. There are rich rewards as we move into a new paradigm of work, while strength of this emerging field of study is in an integrated approach to modern knowledge management of cultural heritage in the context of global communication.

Renata F. Barbosa (IPT/UTAD) - Legislation on Protection of Archaeological Heritage in Brazil

To tackle questions related to Archeological Legislation currently used in Brazil. Starting with the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988, on the tangible and intangible heritage, also the Federal Law, the decree # 25 of 1937, the creation the IPHAN and law 3924 of 1961 on protection and collection of the archeological material. Finally Portaria nº 07 of 1988, on the projects of archaeological investigation, Portaria IPHAN nº 230 of 2002, on Environment permits, and Portaria nº 28 of 2003, on the environment passives.

Roman Strnad (BU) – Three Case Studies on the Industrial Heritage – the new image of a silo

A presentation on 3 particular design proposals dealing with either the image or/and use of the silo in San Giovanni.

1) A proposal in which the sunlight cast onto a cheap translucent material is providing with a new image. The landscape is reflected via transforming the building’s figure.

2) A proposal using the benefits of the adjacency to the chemical factory and certain a spatial potentials within the silo building – creating company’s presentation space, etc. The landscape is reflected by housing some of its elements upon the building.

3) A proposal based both on an expression of the massive concrete building and on the potential of silos and the rest of the object. Using both the main building and the building behind for making a complex with a calm yard full of greenery and water between them. The main building as a spa, place for rest and play with industrial machines, the smaller building as a place for showrooms etc. Sarka Volemova (BU) – Industrial cultural heritage: the SERIOM building (introducing the project)

A presentation describing the locality the SERIOM building, introducing the project brief. - Florence/San Giovanni Valdarno - historical centres comparison and links - History of the site - Polynt factory San Giovanni Valdarno - location - introduction to the project - the SERIOM blg - SERIOM blg identity (photographic documentation) - Reference – Tuscan landscape (morphology, water phenomenon) - Solid – Robust – Compact (the blg’s nature)

Tania Quero (UniFe) - Rock engravings and paintings in the Neolithic period: the case of Porto Badisco

After a short analysis of the paintings in the Neolithic cave of Porto Badisco (Salento, Puglia, Italy), I'll compare this artistic productions with others one in Italy and I'll also mention those one in Spain. I would highlight that these artistic productions are the reflex of the change in society of Neolithic period, together with subsistence economy


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SIDE EVENT 1 Pre-IP Seminar on Atypical industries on non-flint raw-materials

Vila Nova da Barquinha (CIAAR – 1-3 MARCH) Organisation: Instituto Terra e Memória – Grupo “Quaternário e Pré-Histórica” do Centro de Geociências (uID73 – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) Projecto FCT PTDC/HAH/71361/2006 Sessão 1 Local: Centro de Interpretação de Arqueologia do Alto Ribatejo 09.00 - Abertura 09.30 – Visita à Ribeira da Atalaia 11h 00 – Apresentação das pesquisas feitas até agora (Vale do Tejo – Resumo de enquadramento; Alto Ribatejo - Crono-estratigrafia, abordagem geo arqueologica dos sítios de superfície, Fonte da Moita e Ribeira da Atalaia) 11.30 – Tema em discussão Construção de quadros crono-estratigráficos e Paleoambientais em contextos sem dados biológicos. Crono-estratigrafia dos terraços do Médio Tejo. Estratégias de micro-abordagem dos terraços (sondagens, amostras, litoteca) – Moderador: Pierluigi Rosina 13.00 – Almoço 14.30 – Apresentação dos resultados até agora reunidos com o estudo de indústrias e nossa metodologia de trabalho (estudo tecnológico, tipológico, experimentação…) 15.30 – Observação da indústria lítica da Fonte da Moita e Ribeira da Atalaia 16.00 Temas para discussão: Metodologia de estudo de indústrias em quartzito e outros materiais não-sílex. Estratégias de abordagem (tecnologia, experimentação, traceologia). – Moderador: Stefano Grimaldi 19.00 - Actividade paralela (Abafado de Honra no Museu Etnográfico 21, apoio a solicitar do Quim) 20.00 – Jantar (Prato Regional – peixe do rio Tejo, apoio da Câmara Municipal de Vila Nova da Barquinha) Sessão 2 Local: Museu de Arte Pré-Histórica de Mação 08.30 - Partida para Mação 09.30 – Tema em discussão Poucos Tipos Bordes, alguma relação com a matéria-prima (qualidade e disponibilidade) Ausência de Bifaces, Machados de Mão e Levallois raro: como interpretar? – Moderador: François Djindjian 13.00 – Almoço 14.30 – Sessão de experimentação 16.30 – Tema em discussão: Problemas e metodologia na experimentação com materiais não-sílex – Moderadora: Sara Cura 18.30 – Actividade paralela – Visita ao Museu de Arte Pré-Histórica e Espaço de Memória de Mação 20.00 – Jantar experimental convívio no espaço Andakatu? Sessão 3 Local: Centro de Interpretação de Arqueologia do Alto Ribatejo 09.30 – Tema em discussão: Como interpretar a variabilidade comportamental em contextos como o do Vale do Tejo (adaptação, convergências, recorrências…).- Moderador: João Pedro Cunha Ribeiro 13.00 – Almoço 14.30 – Discussões finais e plano do próximo seminário Objectivos

O Seminário insere-se na linha de investigação sobre tecnologia e tipologia lítica, no quadro do estudo das dinâmicas comportamentais humanas. O estudo de contextos líticos no vale do Tejo, à semelhança de estudos similares noutras regiões do Sul da Europa (Catalunha, Languedoc, etc.), sugere importantes convergências entre contextos sem conexão cultural (distantes no espaço ou no tempo). A


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descrição formal de tais indústrias (tipologia) e a sua compreensão processual (tecnologia) e funcional (traceologia), com recurso à experimentação, são instrumentos para uma abordagem conceptual do seu significado.

O Seminário parte da explanação das metodologias perseguidas no estudo da sequência da Ribeira da Atalaia para uma discussão que tem como objectivo refinar as mesmas. Serão base de confronto outras estratégias, com o objectivo de garantir a comparabilidade de resultados. Participantes José Gomes Luiz Oosterbeek (co-organizador) Pierluigi Rosina Stefano Grimaldi Investigadores convidados António Martins David Pleurdeau François Djindjian João Pedro Ribeiro Pedro Proença Rossano Lopes Bastos Doutorandos em Quaternário, Materiais e Culturas Emanuele Cancellieri Sara Cura (co-oizadora) Tânia Tomázia, Mestrandos em Arqueologia Pré-Histórica e Arte Rupestre Ana Carolina Cunha Andres Gomez Licenciatura em Tomar Pedro Cura


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SIDE EVENT 2

Post-IP 3rd Iberian-American Archaeology Journeys Museum of Prehistoric Art of Mação (14-15 MARCH)

Organisation: Instituto Terra e Memória – Grupo “Quaternário e Pré-Histórica” do Centro de Geociências (uID73 – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia)

March 14th – Industries and human adaptations Rossano Lopes Bastos (IPHAN, Erasmus Mundus Professor) – Introdução às IIIªs Jornadas de Arqueologia Ibero-Americana Ana Carolina Cunha – Operational Chain: How to draw up a Plan-Convex Instrument Nelson Cabaço – Diversity of lithic industries in the transition into farming in Estremadura and Alentejo Jedson Cerezer – Território e Sociedade: Arqueologia Guarani e a cerâmica Luana Campos – Pará-nã: archeological contexts of Alto Paraná Rui Oscar – Necropolização e organização do território: o megalitismo das Beiras e da Ilha de Malta Xiling Dai – Walking with man: zoomorphic ceramic in China and Brazil Janine Laborda – topic to announce Jayshree Munghur – topic to announce

March 15th – Environment and research methodologies Neelanshu Kaushik – Quaternary extinctions Flávio de Paula – Comparative collections and databases of plant structures: support to palaeoecologic and palaeoethnobotanical studies Cristiane Buco (ITM, UTAD, CAPES) – Scenographic interpretation of the rock art of Serra Branca, Brazil Guilherme Cardoso – Dating methods VVAA – Programa de investigação na região da Caatinga VVAA – Programa de investigação no Litoral Catarinense�Luiz Oosterbeek (IPT) - Conclusões Ana Carolina Cunha (IPT/UTAD) – Operational Chain: How to draw up a Plan-Convex Instrument

The plan-convex instruments are artefacts frequently in Brazilian pre-history, they are found

since the passage Pleistocene / Holocene until contact with the Europeans. In Peruaçu river valley, at north of the state of Minas Gerais, were found various categories of

plan-convex pieces, some of which are characteristics of a well-delimited period, while others remain along the chronological sequence.

In order to isolate the various stages of the preparation of this type of artefacts, we started a criterions study exercise from the conduct of experimental series on different types of raw materials (quartzite, silexito, sílex / chalcedony), trying to play instruments and similar lascs like those observed in archaeological collections.

Wants to be with this experimental approach, isolate and describe the remains raw that accompany each of the stages of drawing up the operative chain.The outcome of this work may facilitate the recognition of the stages of the operational chain of plan-convex instruments on archaeological collections. Cristiane Buco (ITM, UTAD, CAPES) – Scenographic interpretation of the rock art of Serra Branca, Brazil�


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This research portrays the first analytic results about rock art scenographic interpretation in Serra Branca region, Serra da Capivara National Park in the Northeast of Brazil.

There are more than one hundred rock art archaeological sites in Serra Branca region. They are sandstone shelters with a lot of compositions that depict figures of humans, animals and objects displaying two universes: everyday life and mythical world.

Musical inferences associated to human scenography in rock art, compared to ethnic groups in the central region of Brazil and inserted in a broader framework of other archaeological remains and landscape are highligthed in the present research.

Flávio de Paula (IPT/UTAD) – Comparative collections and databases of plant structures: support to palaeoecologic and palaeoethnobotanical studies Interpretation of Quaternary palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic data relies upon comparison with extant ecosystems. For that reason, palaeoecologic studies based in plant micro- or macro-remains analyses depend on a good knowledge of the present flora and vegetation, as well as of the morphologic characteristics and structure of the analyzed elements. Constitution of comparative collections and databases is an invaluable tool to these studies, especially in tropical regions, where the high biodiversity engenders as yet a poor knowledge of the morphology and structure of plant remains susceptible of preservation in sediments (palinomorphs, wood, charcoal, phytoliths etc.). Reference collections of wood, charcoal, pollen grains, phytoliths, and seeds are being assembled through field trips and institutional donations. Databases associated to computer-based determination keys to anthracology and palynology are also under development. Jedson Cerezer (IPT/UTAD) – Território e Sociedade: Arqueologia Guarani e a cerâmica

Nos últimos séculos que antecederam a chegada dos portugueses ao Brasil, a região meridional do pais era ocupada em grande parte por grupos humanos da cultura Guarani, seu modo de vida, e sua ocupação territorial, estão intimamente ligados com a produção de artefatos cerâmicos, que por meio deles hoje reconstruir parte da vida e da mortes desses indivíduos.

Luana Campos (IPT/UTAD) – Pará-nã: archeological contexts of Alto Paraná

The river Paraná, or Pará-nã as it was called by Tupi-Guarani, proved not only strategic for the early colonial occupation but also important for the monsoon cycle. Furthermore, it also displays relevant information about the presence of hunter-gatherer communities and potter farmers of this region. Using archeological remains as a prompt, in connection with information of ethno-history, it is possible to outline interpretations of human occupation in central Brazil.

Neelanshu Kaushik (IPT/UTAD) – Quaternary extinctions

After centuries of debate, paleontologists are converging towards the conclusion that human overkill caused the massive extinction of large mammals in the late Pleistocene. This paper revisits the question of megafauna extinction by incorporating economic behavior into the debate. However, we demonstrate that the results of these extinction models are highly sensitive to implicit assumptions concerning the degree of prey naivety to human hunters. We allow for endogenous human population growth and labor allocation decisions involving activities such as wildlife harvesting and (proto) agriculture. We find that the role of agriculture in deciding the fate of megafauna was small. In contrast, the presence of ordinary small animals that have been overlooked in previous non-economic extinction models is likely to have been much more important.

Nelson Cabaço (IPT/UTAD) – Diversity of lithic industries in the transition into farming in Estremadura and Alentejo This paper intends to understand how the transition into the agro-pastoralist societies was made, the importance of the natural contexts in this transformation and how this reflects in the lithic industries. A comparative analysis between tree regions of Portugal – Estremadura (Maciço Calcário Estremenho); Litoral Alentejo and inner Alentejo – is made. Xiling Dai (IPT/UTAD) - Walking with man: zoomorphic ceramic in China and Brazil


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Among the already discovered Neolithic ceramic, those with animal depictions are very abundant and the areas they covered have been world wide. They demonstrate that our prehistoric forebears had modes of expression more varied than we once imagined and allows for commentary leads to religious phenomena such as taboo and sacrifices; the domestication in Neolithic age and the extent and route of culture exchange. Throughout, the importance of considering the overall environmental, economic, technical, and cultural–ideological context in which the zoomorphic ceramic was produced, used and distributed is emphasized. After going through the material in both China and Brazil, we may suggest that a somewhat unexpected contemporary resonance did exist.

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