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Analysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh
(Concentration 21 listed companies)
October 31 2011
Analysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh
(Concentration 21 listed companies)
Submitted to Shabnaz Amin Auditi
Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Finance
University of Dhaka
Submitted by Nowrin Ahmed
BBA 13th batch Section BID No 13-008
Department of FinanceUniversity of Dhaka
October 31 2011
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
October 31 2011
Shabnaz Amin Audity Assistant Professor Department of FinanceUniversity of DhakaDhaka Dear Madam
It is an honor and great pleasure for me to present my intern report on ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo It is being submitted as a partial requirement of the completion of my BBA program
The project program gave me an opportunity to apply my theoretical knowledge views ideas and communication skills in the real world of practical experience which can help me to show my potentiality in future professional career
According to your guideline I have tried to apply my little knowledge to evaluate the performance of NBFIs of Bangladesh on the basis of selected companies
I hope you will find that my project is prepared in appropriate manner I am grateful to you for your cooperation and hope that you will call upon me with any queries occasioned by this report
Thanking you and looking forward to receive your cordial approval of my submission
Yours Sincerely
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
Nowrin AhmedBBA 13th batch Section - BID No 13-048Dept of FinanceUniversity of Dhaka
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am thankful and grateful to almighty Allah who has given me the strength and ability to complete the Project on ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo I am also grateful to my honorable Supervisor Teacher Shabnaz Amin Audity who has provided important guidelines to complete this report
Managing director of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) Mohammed Nasir Uddin Chowdhury deserves special thanks for allowing me to do internship in his organization I am also grateful to my co-ordinator in LBFL Mr Quamrul Islam Senior Vice President amp CFO Finance Division After that I want to thank all of those elder brothers and sister of Finance Department of Dhaka University working in LBFL as they have given me valuable suggestions and interactions
I do sincerely declare that this project paper has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the completion of my BBA Program The analysis work is written in my own language Though I have taken information from different annual report and websites to prepare the report no part of this paper consists of materials plagiarized from published or unpublished work of other writers and all materials borrowed and reproduced from other published or unpublished sources have been duly acknowledged with full reference in appropriate place I understand that the term paper may be cancelled if subsequently it is discovered that this term paper is not my primeval work or it consists of materials plagiarized or borrowed without proper acknowledgement
I at last express special thanks from the bottom of my heart to all who help me directly amp indirectly to complete this project paper
Table of ContentsList of TablesList of FiguresExecutive Summary10 Introduction
11 Objective of the Study12 Scope of the Study13 Methodology
131 Study Approach132 Sampling Procedure133 Timeline Used for Data134 Data Collection amp Arrangement135 Tools Used136 Data Analysis
14 Significance of the Study15 Limitations of the Study
20 Literature Review21 Financial System22 Banking23 Micro Credit 24 Non-Banking Finance 25 Insurance 26 Asset structure27 Liability28 Investment Portfolio29 Ratio Analysis210 Correlation211 Regression
30 Bangladesh Profile 31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh 32 Capital Market of Bangladesh 33 Financial System in Bangladesh
331 Central Bank amp Other Banks
332 Micro-Credit Organizations333 Insurances334 NBFIs
40 NBFIs in Bangladesh 41 List of NBFIs42 Brief on NBFIs43 Growth Rate
50 Asset Structure of NBFI Industry60 Investment Portfolio of NBFIs
61 Growth in Portfolio 62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
70 Performance Analysis of NBFIs71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size712 Deposit Mobilization713Loans and Advances
72 Ratio Analysis80 Relationship between Value Drivers of NBFI Industry
71 Asset and Deposit72 Asset and Loans amp Advances73 Deposit and Loans amp Advances
90 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (A Case Study)91 Company Profile92 Prtoducts amp Services92 Shareholding Structure
100 Summary amp Discussion71 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh72 Future Prospects of NBFIs in Bangladesh
110 Conclusion120 Reference130 Bibliography 140 Appendix
List of Tables
List of Figures
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Core financial services provided by financial intermediaries include paymentsand liquidity maturity transformation store of value information processing andpooling of risks Banks have traditionally provided most of these services and areincreasingly diversifying into other areas However banks typically have an edgein providing payment and liquidity related services and they usually select aportfolio mix with an overriding objective of providing a certain return Non-banking financial institutions (NBFIs) on the other hand tend to offer enhancedequity and risk based products NBFIs play a crucial role in broadening access tofinancial services enhancing competition and diversification of the financialsector They are increasingly being recognized as complementary to the bankingsystem capable of absorbing shocks and spreading risks at times of financialdistressTraditionally our banking financial institutions are involved in term lendingactivities which are mostly unfamiliar products for them Inefficiency of BFIs inlong-term loan management has already leaded an enormous volume of outstanding loan in our country At this backdrop in order to ensure flow of termloans and to meet the credit gap NBFIs have immense importance in theeconomy In addition non-bank financial sector is important to increase themobilization of term savings and for the sake of providing support services to thecapital marketThe purpose of this paper is to highlight different features of NBFIs their contribution to the overall economy and the product base of NBFIs The paper also describes the performance of NBFIs as measured by different financialindicators along with the effects of banksrsquo entry into the non-bank financing areaSpecial emphasis has been given to identify the challenges faced by NBFIs inBangladesh And finally development of NBFIs as well as their role instrengthening the financial system of Bangladesh has been discussed
10 INTRODUCTION
11 Objective of the StudyI am a BBA student of Finance and to fulfill a partial requirement to complete my graduation I am continuing my internship program in LankaBangla Finance Limited a Non-Banking Financial Institution (NBFIs) of Bangladesh Working in this organization I have gathered some idea about the fact that the contribution of Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd In NBFIrsquoS of our country is highly remarkable So I have felt the interest to prepare my Internship Report on these institution The main objective of my report is to know and present some financial analysis on Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd Besides that I want to show the position and condition of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) in this industry
12 Scope of the StudyThere are 29 NBFIs in our country but information about all of them is not available So I have selected 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and tried to analyze information about those I have Shown some Financial data about these organizations and made analysis on those to see the inter-relationship among the Value Drivers of this industry
13 Methodology of the Study
131 Study ApproachAfter being ordered by the honorable supervisor teacher of my Internship Program Ms Shabnaz Amin Audity I have decided to make a report on At first I discussed about the topic of the report with the personnel of LankaBangla Finance Limited my intern place According to their suggestion and from my interest I selected the topic ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo Then I informed my teacher about the topic and submitted the proposal with the broad outline of the report After getting the acceptance from her I have started work on this topic
132 Sampling ProcedureI have not selected all of the 29 NBFIs from our industry I have selected only 21 NBFIs which are listed as Financial Institution Sector in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in order to find the financial data available So my criterion to select an NBFI was its data availability To fulfill this criterion I have selected those 21 Institutions and tried to represent the condition of total NBFI industry of Bangladesh
133 Timeline used for DataI have worked on 5 yearsrsquo (Year 2006- Year 2010) data of my selected companies to get a good picture of the industry
134 Data Collection amp ArrangementAfter selecting topic my plan for making this report was firstly to collect financial data about the 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and analyze them attentively for finding out the necessary information related to my report and finally to arrange all of those data systematically I have collected relevant financial information (Asset Liability Investment Profit etc) about those companies from the financial statements and notes given in their Annual Reports I have found some reports in the own websites of those companies and some in the library of DSE I have also collected different information from the website of DSE and Ministry of Finance (MOF)
Then I have input and arranged these data using Microsoft Excel Program according to the requirement of my analysis
135 Tools UsedAfter arranging the data properly I have used some tools to go ahead for analysis of the NBFI industry My used tools are
Compounded Annual Growth rate Formula Ratio Analysis Correlation-Coefficient Simple Linear Regression Analysis
136 Data AnalysisAt first I have shown Top 10 NBFIs according to both Market capital and Asset Size Then I have calculate compounded annual growth rate of Asset Deposit Investment portfolio and Loan Lease amp Advances from year 2006 to 2010 After that I have made some ratio analysis of the companies and tried to find some relation among asset deposit and lease-loan portfolio using the correlation and regression analysis Finally I have given a brief case study on LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) and drawn the conclusion on the present condition and future prospect of NBFI industry in our country
14 Significance of the Study
After completing the project I have gained some practical knowledge about the financial position of NBFIs in the economy of Bangladesh I think this report will be helpful for anyone to know about or to make further analysis on the Financial Institution Sector of our country
15 Limitations of the Study
I have faced the following limitations in the time of preparing the report 8 companies of the industry have not been selected for unavailability of data Different formats of Financial Statements followed by different companies created
some problem Some companies do not provide annual reports in their websites properly
Despite these limitations we have tried to give our best effort to prepare the report as properly as possible
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
Analysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh
(Concentration 21 listed companies)
Submitted to Shabnaz Amin Auditi
Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Finance
University of Dhaka
Submitted by Nowrin Ahmed
BBA 13th batch Section BID No 13-008
Department of FinanceUniversity of Dhaka
October 31 2011
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
October 31 2011
Shabnaz Amin Audity Assistant Professor Department of FinanceUniversity of DhakaDhaka Dear Madam
It is an honor and great pleasure for me to present my intern report on ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo It is being submitted as a partial requirement of the completion of my BBA program
The project program gave me an opportunity to apply my theoretical knowledge views ideas and communication skills in the real world of practical experience which can help me to show my potentiality in future professional career
According to your guideline I have tried to apply my little knowledge to evaluate the performance of NBFIs of Bangladesh on the basis of selected companies
I hope you will find that my project is prepared in appropriate manner I am grateful to you for your cooperation and hope that you will call upon me with any queries occasioned by this report
Thanking you and looking forward to receive your cordial approval of my submission
Yours Sincerely
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
Nowrin AhmedBBA 13th batch Section - BID No 13-048Dept of FinanceUniversity of Dhaka
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am thankful and grateful to almighty Allah who has given me the strength and ability to complete the Project on ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo I am also grateful to my honorable Supervisor Teacher Shabnaz Amin Audity who has provided important guidelines to complete this report
Managing director of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) Mohammed Nasir Uddin Chowdhury deserves special thanks for allowing me to do internship in his organization I am also grateful to my co-ordinator in LBFL Mr Quamrul Islam Senior Vice President amp CFO Finance Division After that I want to thank all of those elder brothers and sister of Finance Department of Dhaka University working in LBFL as they have given me valuable suggestions and interactions
I do sincerely declare that this project paper has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the completion of my BBA Program The analysis work is written in my own language Though I have taken information from different annual report and websites to prepare the report no part of this paper consists of materials plagiarized from published or unpublished work of other writers and all materials borrowed and reproduced from other published or unpublished sources have been duly acknowledged with full reference in appropriate place I understand that the term paper may be cancelled if subsequently it is discovered that this term paper is not my primeval work or it consists of materials plagiarized or borrowed without proper acknowledgement
I at last express special thanks from the bottom of my heart to all who help me directly amp indirectly to complete this project paper
Table of ContentsList of TablesList of FiguresExecutive Summary10 Introduction
11 Objective of the Study12 Scope of the Study13 Methodology
131 Study Approach132 Sampling Procedure133 Timeline Used for Data134 Data Collection amp Arrangement135 Tools Used136 Data Analysis
14 Significance of the Study15 Limitations of the Study
20 Literature Review21 Financial System22 Banking23 Micro Credit 24 Non-Banking Finance 25 Insurance 26 Asset structure27 Liability28 Investment Portfolio29 Ratio Analysis210 Correlation211 Regression
30 Bangladesh Profile 31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh 32 Capital Market of Bangladesh 33 Financial System in Bangladesh
331 Central Bank amp Other Banks
332 Micro-Credit Organizations333 Insurances334 NBFIs
40 NBFIs in Bangladesh 41 List of NBFIs42 Brief on NBFIs43 Growth Rate
50 Asset Structure of NBFI Industry60 Investment Portfolio of NBFIs
61 Growth in Portfolio 62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
70 Performance Analysis of NBFIs71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size712 Deposit Mobilization713Loans and Advances
72 Ratio Analysis80 Relationship between Value Drivers of NBFI Industry
71 Asset and Deposit72 Asset and Loans amp Advances73 Deposit and Loans amp Advances
90 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (A Case Study)91 Company Profile92 Prtoducts amp Services92 Shareholding Structure
100 Summary amp Discussion71 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh72 Future Prospects of NBFIs in Bangladesh
110 Conclusion120 Reference130 Bibliography 140 Appendix
List of Tables
List of Figures
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Core financial services provided by financial intermediaries include paymentsand liquidity maturity transformation store of value information processing andpooling of risks Banks have traditionally provided most of these services and areincreasingly diversifying into other areas However banks typically have an edgein providing payment and liquidity related services and they usually select aportfolio mix with an overriding objective of providing a certain return Non-banking financial institutions (NBFIs) on the other hand tend to offer enhancedequity and risk based products NBFIs play a crucial role in broadening access tofinancial services enhancing competition and diversification of the financialsector They are increasingly being recognized as complementary to the bankingsystem capable of absorbing shocks and spreading risks at times of financialdistressTraditionally our banking financial institutions are involved in term lendingactivities which are mostly unfamiliar products for them Inefficiency of BFIs inlong-term loan management has already leaded an enormous volume of outstanding loan in our country At this backdrop in order to ensure flow of termloans and to meet the credit gap NBFIs have immense importance in theeconomy In addition non-bank financial sector is important to increase themobilization of term savings and for the sake of providing support services to thecapital marketThe purpose of this paper is to highlight different features of NBFIs their contribution to the overall economy and the product base of NBFIs The paper also describes the performance of NBFIs as measured by different financialindicators along with the effects of banksrsquo entry into the non-bank financing areaSpecial emphasis has been given to identify the challenges faced by NBFIs inBangladesh And finally development of NBFIs as well as their role instrengthening the financial system of Bangladesh has been discussed
10 INTRODUCTION
11 Objective of the StudyI am a BBA student of Finance and to fulfill a partial requirement to complete my graduation I am continuing my internship program in LankaBangla Finance Limited a Non-Banking Financial Institution (NBFIs) of Bangladesh Working in this organization I have gathered some idea about the fact that the contribution of Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd In NBFIrsquoS of our country is highly remarkable So I have felt the interest to prepare my Internship Report on these institution The main objective of my report is to know and present some financial analysis on Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd Besides that I want to show the position and condition of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) in this industry
12 Scope of the StudyThere are 29 NBFIs in our country but information about all of them is not available So I have selected 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and tried to analyze information about those I have Shown some Financial data about these organizations and made analysis on those to see the inter-relationship among the Value Drivers of this industry
13 Methodology of the Study
131 Study ApproachAfter being ordered by the honorable supervisor teacher of my Internship Program Ms Shabnaz Amin Audity I have decided to make a report on At first I discussed about the topic of the report with the personnel of LankaBangla Finance Limited my intern place According to their suggestion and from my interest I selected the topic ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo Then I informed my teacher about the topic and submitted the proposal with the broad outline of the report After getting the acceptance from her I have started work on this topic
132 Sampling ProcedureI have not selected all of the 29 NBFIs from our industry I have selected only 21 NBFIs which are listed as Financial Institution Sector in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in order to find the financial data available So my criterion to select an NBFI was its data availability To fulfill this criterion I have selected those 21 Institutions and tried to represent the condition of total NBFI industry of Bangladesh
133 Timeline used for DataI have worked on 5 yearsrsquo (Year 2006- Year 2010) data of my selected companies to get a good picture of the industry
134 Data Collection amp ArrangementAfter selecting topic my plan for making this report was firstly to collect financial data about the 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and analyze them attentively for finding out the necessary information related to my report and finally to arrange all of those data systematically I have collected relevant financial information (Asset Liability Investment Profit etc) about those companies from the financial statements and notes given in their Annual Reports I have found some reports in the own websites of those companies and some in the library of DSE I have also collected different information from the website of DSE and Ministry of Finance (MOF)
Then I have input and arranged these data using Microsoft Excel Program according to the requirement of my analysis
135 Tools UsedAfter arranging the data properly I have used some tools to go ahead for analysis of the NBFI industry My used tools are
Compounded Annual Growth rate Formula Ratio Analysis Correlation-Coefficient Simple Linear Regression Analysis
136 Data AnalysisAt first I have shown Top 10 NBFIs according to both Market capital and Asset Size Then I have calculate compounded annual growth rate of Asset Deposit Investment portfolio and Loan Lease amp Advances from year 2006 to 2010 After that I have made some ratio analysis of the companies and tried to find some relation among asset deposit and lease-loan portfolio using the correlation and regression analysis Finally I have given a brief case study on LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) and drawn the conclusion on the present condition and future prospect of NBFI industry in our country
14 Significance of the Study
After completing the project I have gained some practical knowledge about the financial position of NBFIs in the economy of Bangladesh I think this report will be helpful for anyone to know about or to make further analysis on the Financial Institution Sector of our country
15 Limitations of the Study
I have faced the following limitations in the time of preparing the report 8 companies of the industry have not been selected for unavailability of data Different formats of Financial Statements followed by different companies created
some problem Some companies do not provide annual reports in their websites properly
Despite these limitations we have tried to give our best effort to prepare the report as properly as possible
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
October 31 2011
Shabnaz Amin Audity Assistant Professor Department of FinanceUniversity of DhakaDhaka Dear Madam
It is an honor and great pleasure for me to present my intern report on ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo It is being submitted as a partial requirement of the completion of my BBA program
The project program gave me an opportunity to apply my theoretical knowledge views ideas and communication skills in the real world of practical experience which can help me to show my potentiality in future professional career
According to your guideline I have tried to apply my little knowledge to evaluate the performance of NBFIs of Bangladesh on the basis of selected companies
I hope you will find that my project is prepared in appropriate manner I am grateful to you for your cooperation and hope that you will call upon me with any queries occasioned by this report
Thanking you and looking forward to receive your cordial approval of my submission
Yours Sincerely
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
Nowrin AhmedBBA 13th batch Section - BID No 13-048Dept of FinanceUniversity of Dhaka
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am thankful and grateful to almighty Allah who has given me the strength and ability to complete the Project on ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo I am also grateful to my honorable Supervisor Teacher Shabnaz Amin Audity who has provided important guidelines to complete this report
Managing director of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) Mohammed Nasir Uddin Chowdhury deserves special thanks for allowing me to do internship in his organization I am also grateful to my co-ordinator in LBFL Mr Quamrul Islam Senior Vice President amp CFO Finance Division After that I want to thank all of those elder brothers and sister of Finance Department of Dhaka University working in LBFL as they have given me valuable suggestions and interactions
I do sincerely declare that this project paper has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the completion of my BBA Program The analysis work is written in my own language Though I have taken information from different annual report and websites to prepare the report no part of this paper consists of materials plagiarized from published or unpublished work of other writers and all materials borrowed and reproduced from other published or unpublished sources have been duly acknowledged with full reference in appropriate place I understand that the term paper may be cancelled if subsequently it is discovered that this term paper is not my primeval work or it consists of materials plagiarized or borrowed without proper acknowledgement
I at last express special thanks from the bottom of my heart to all who help me directly amp indirectly to complete this project paper
Table of ContentsList of TablesList of FiguresExecutive Summary10 Introduction
11 Objective of the Study12 Scope of the Study13 Methodology
131 Study Approach132 Sampling Procedure133 Timeline Used for Data134 Data Collection amp Arrangement135 Tools Used136 Data Analysis
14 Significance of the Study15 Limitations of the Study
20 Literature Review21 Financial System22 Banking23 Micro Credit 24 Non-Banking Finance 25 Insurance 26 Asset structure27 Liability28 Investment Portfolio29 Ratio Analysis210 Correlation211 Regression
30 Bangladesh Profile 31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh 32 Capital Market of Bangladesh 33 Financial System in Bangladesh
331 Central Bank amp Other Banks
332 Micro-Credit Organizations333 Insurances334 NBFIs
40 NBFIs in Bangladesh 41 List of NBFIs42 Brief on NBFIs43 Growth Rate
50 Asset Structure of NBFI Industry60 Investment Portfolio of NBFIs
61 Growth in Portfolio 62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
70 Performance Analysis of NBFIs71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size712 Deposit Mobilization713Loans and Advances
72 Ratio Analysis80 Relationship between Value Drivers of NBFI Industry
71 Asset and Deposit72 Asset and Loans amp Advances73 Deposit and Loans amp Advances
90 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (A Case Study)91 Company Profile92 Prtoducts amp Services92 Shareholding Structure
100 Summary amp Discussion71 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh72 Future Prospects of NBFIs in Bangladesh
110 Conclusion120 Reference130 Bibliography 140 Appendix
List of Tables
List of Figures
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Core financial services provided by financial intermediaries include paymentsand liquidity maturity transformation store of value information processing andpooling of risks Banks have traditionally provided most of these services and areincreasingly diversifying into other areas However banks typically have an edgein providing payment and liquidity related services and they usually select aportfolio mix with an overriding objective of providing a certain return Non-banking financial institutions (NBFIs) on the other hand tend to offer enhancedequity and risk based products NBFIs play a crucial role in broadening access tofinancial services enhancing competition and diversification of the financialsector They are increasingly being recognized as complementary to the bankingsystem capable of absorbing shocks and spreading risks at times of financialdistressTraditionally our banking financial institutions are involved in term lendingactivities which are mostly unfamiliar products for them Inefficiency of BFIs inlong-term loan management has already leaded an enormous volume of outstanding loan in our country At this backdrop in order to ensure flow of termloans and to meet the credit gap NBFIs have immense importance in theeconomy In addition non-bank financial sector is important to increase themobilization of term savings and for the sake of providing support services to thecapital marketThe purpose of this paper is to highlight different features of NBFIs their contribution to the overall economy and the product base of NBFIs The paper also describes the performance of NBFIs as measured by different financialindicators along with the effects of banksrsquo entry into the non-bank financing areaSpecial emphasis has been given to identify the challenges faced by NBFIs inBangladesh And finally development of NBFIs as well as their role instrengthening the financial system of Bangladesh has been discussed
10 INTRODUCTION
11 Objective of the StudyI am a BBA student of Finance and to fulfill a partial requirement to complete my graduation I am continuing my internship program in LankaBangla Finance Limited a Non-Banking Financial Institution (NBFIs) of Bangladesh Working in this organization I have gathered some idea about the fact that the contribution of Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd In NBFIrsquoS of our country is highly remarkable So I have felt the interest to prepare my Internship Report on these institution The main objective of my report is to know and present some financial analysis on Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd Besides that I want to show the position and condition of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) in this industry
12 Scope of the StudyThere are 29 NBFIs in our country but information about all of them is not available So I have selected 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and tried to analyze information about those I have Shown some Financial data about these organizations and made analysis on those to see the inter-relationship among the Value Drivers of this industry
13 Methodology of the Study
131 Study ApproachAfter being ordered by the honorable supervisor teacher of my Internship Program Ms Shabnaz Amin Audity I have decided to make a report on At first I discussed about the topic of the report with the personnel of LankaBangla Finance Limited my intern place According to their suggestion and from my interest I selected the topic ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo Then I informed my teacher about the topic and submitted the proposal with the broad outline of the report After getting the acceptance from her I have started work on this topic
132 Sampling ProcedureI have not selected all of the 29 NBFIs from our industry I have selected only 21 NBFIs which are listed as Financial Institution Sector in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in order to find the financial data available So my criterion to select an NBFI was its data availability To fulfill this criterion I have selected those 21 Institutions and tried to represent the condition of total NBFI industry of Bangladesh
133 Timeline used for DataI have worked on 5 yearsrsquo (Year 2006- Year 2010) data of my selected companies to get a good picture of the industry
134 Data Collection amp ArrangementAfter selecting topic my plan for making this report was firstly to collect financial data about the 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and analyze them attentively for finding out the necessary information related to my report and finally to arrange all of those data systematically I have collected relevant financial information (Asset Liability Investment Profit etc) about those companies from the financial statements and notes given in their Annual Reports I have found some reports in the own websites of those companies and some in the library of DSE I have also collected different information from the website of DSE and Ministry of Finance (MOF)
Then I have input and arranged these data using Microsoft Excel Program according to the requirement of my analysis
135 Tools UsedAfter arranging the data properly I have used some tools to go ahead for analysis of the NBFI industry My used tools are
Compounded Annual Growth rate Formula Ratio Analysis Correlation-Coefficient Simple Linear Regression Analysis
136 Data AnalysisAt first I have shown Top 10 NBFIs according to both Market capital and Asset Size Then I have calculate compounded annual growth rate of Asset Deposit Investment portfolio and Loan Lease amp Advances from year 2006 to 2010 After that I have made some ratio analysis of the companies and tried to find some relation among asset deposit and lease-loan portfolio using the correlation and regression analysis Finally I have given a brief case study on LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) and drawn the conclusion on the present condition and future prospect of NBFI industry in our country
14 Significance of the Study
After completing the project I have gained some practical knowledge about the financial position of NBFIs in the economy of Bangladesh I think this report will be helpful for anyone to know about or to make further analysis on the Financial Institution Sector of our country
15 Limitations of the Study
I have faced the following limitations in the time of preparing the report 8 companies of the industry have not been selected for unavailability of data Different formats of Financial Statements followed by different companies created
some problem Some companies do not provide annual reports in their websites properly
Despite these limitations we have tried to give our best effort to prepare the report as properly as possible
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am thankful and grateful to almighty Allah who has given me the strength and ability to complete the Project on ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo I am also grateful to my honorable Supervisor Teacher Shabnaz Amin Audity who has provided important guidelines to complete this report
Managing director of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) Mohammed Nasir Uddin Chowdhury deserves special thanks for allowing me to do internship in his organization I am also grateful to my co-ordinator in LBFL Mr Quamrul Islam Senior Vice President amp CFO Finance Division After that I want to thank all of those elder brothers and sister of Finance Department of Dhaka University working in LBFL as they have given me valuable suggestions and interactions
I do sincerely declare that this project paper has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the completion of my BBA Program The analysis work is written in my own language Though I have taken information from different annual report and websites to prepare the report no part of this paper consists of materials plagiarized from published or unpublished work of other writers and all materials borrowed and reproduced from other published or unpublished sources have been duly acknowledged with full reference in appropriate place I understand that the term paper may be cancelled if subsequently it is discovered that this term paper is not my primeval work or it consists of materials plagiarized or borrowed without proper acknowledgement
I at last express special thanks from the bottom of my heart to all who help me directly amp indirectly to complete this project paper
Table of ContentsList of TablesList of FiguresExecutive Summary10 Introduction
11 Objective of the Study12 Scope of the Study13 Methodology
131 Study Approach132 Sampling Procedure133 Timeline Used for Data134 Data Collection amp Arrangement135 Tools Used136 Data Analysis
14 Significance of the Study15 Limitations of the Study
20 Literature Review21 Financial System22 Banking23 Micro Credit 24 Non-Banking Finance 25 Insurance 26 Asset structure27 Liability28 Investment Portfolio29 Ratio Analysis210 Correlation211 Regression
30 Bangladesh Profile 31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh 32 Capital Market of Bangladesh 33 Financial System in Bangladesh
331 Central Bank amp Other Banks
332 Micro-Credit Organizations333 Insurances334 NBFIs
40 NBFIs in Bangladesh 41 List of NBFIs42 Brief on NBFIs43 Growth Rate
50 Asset Structure of NBFI Industry60 Investment Portfolio of NBFIs
61 Growth in Portfolio 62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
70 Performance Analysis of NBFIs71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size712 Deposit Mobilization713Loans and Advances
72 Ratio Analysis80 Relationship between Value Drivers of NBFI Industry
71 Asset and Deposit72 Asset and Loans amp Advances73 Deposit and Loans amp Advances
90 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (A Case Study)91 Company Profile92 Prtoducts amp Services92 Shareholding Structure
100 Summary amp Discussion71 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh72 Future Prospects of NBFIs in Bangladesh
110 Conclusion120 Reference130 Bibliography 140 Appendix
List of Tables
List of Figures
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Core financial services provided by financial intermediaries include paymentsand liquidity maturity transformation store of value information processing andpooling of risks Banks have traditionally provided most of these services and areincreasingly diversifying into other areas However banks typically have an edgein providing payment and liquidity related services and they usually select aportfolio mix with an overriding objective of providing a certain return Non-banking financial institutions (NBFIs) on the other hand tend to offer enhancedequity and risk based products NBFIs play a crucial role in broadening access tofinancial services enhancing competition and diversification of the financialsector They are increasingly being recognized as complementary to the bankingsystem capable of absorbing shocks and spreading risks at times of financialdistressTraditionally our banking financial institutions are involved in term lendingactivities which are mostly unfamiliar products for them Inefficiency of BFIs inlong-term loan management has already leaded an enormous volume of outstanding loan in our country At this backdrop in order to ensure flow of termloans and to meet the credit gap NBFIs have immense importance in theeconomy In addition non-bank financial sector is important to increase themobilization of term savings and for the sake of providing support services to thecapital marketThe purpose of this paper is to highlight different features of NBFIs their contribution to the overall economy and the product base of NBFIs The paper also describes the performance of NBFIs as measured by different financialindicators along with the effects of banksrsquo entry into the non-bank financing areaSpecial emphasis has been given to identify the challenges faced by NBFIs inBangladesh And finally development of NBFIs as well as their role instrengthening the financial system of Bangladesh has been discussed
10 INTRODUCTION
11 Objective of the StudyI am a BBA student of Finance and to fulfill a partial requirement to complete my graduation I am continuing my internship program in LankaBangla Finance Limited a Non-Banking Financial Institution (NBFIs) of Bangladesh Working in this organization I have gathered some idea about the fact that the contribution of Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd In NBFIrsquoS of our country is highly remarkable So I have felt the interest to prepare my Internship Report on these institution The main objective of my report is to know and present some financial analysis on Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd Besides that I want to show the position and condition of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) in this industry
12 Scope of the StudyThere are 29 NBFIs in our country but information about all of them is not available So I have selected 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and tried to analyze information about those I have Shown some Financial data about these organizations and made analysis on those to see the inter-relationship among the Value Drivers of this industry
13 Methodology of the Study
131 Study ApproachAfter being ordered by the honorable supervisor teacher of my Internship Program Ms Shabnaz Amin Audity I have decided to make a report on At first I discussed about the topic of the report with the personnel of LankaBangla Finance Limited my intern place According to their suggestion and from my interest I selected the topic ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo Then I informed my teacher about the topic and submitted the proposal with the broad outline of the report After getting the acceptance from her I have started work on this topic
132 Sampling ProcedureI have not selected all of the 29 NBFIs from our industry I have selected only 21 NBFIs which are listed as Financial Institution Sector in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in order to find the financial data available So my criterion to select an NBFI was its data availability To fulfill this criterion I have selected those 21 Institutions and tried to represent the condition of total NBFI industry of Bangladesh
133 Timeline used for DataI have worked on 5 yearsrsquo (Year 2006- Year 2010) data of my selected companies to get a good picture of the industry
134 Data Collection amp ArrangementAfter selecting topic my plan for making this report was firstly to collect financial data about the 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and analyze them attentively for finding out the necessary information related to my report and finally to arrange all of those data systematically I have collected relevant financial information (Asset Liability Investment Profit etc) about those companies from the financial statements and notes given in their Annual Reports I have found some reports in the own websites of those companies and some in the library of DSE I have also collected different information from the website of DSE and Ministry of Finance (MOF)
Then I have input and arranged these data using Microsoft Excel Program according to the requirement of my analysis
135 Tools UsedAfter arranging the data properly I have used some tools to go ahead for analysis of the NBFI industry My used tools are
Compounded Annual Growth rate Formula Ratio Analysis Correlation-Coefficient Simple Linear Regression Analysis
136 Data AnalysisAt first I have shown Top 10 NBFIs according to both Market capital and Asset Size Then I have calculate compounded annual growth rate of Asset Deposit Investment portfolio and Loan Lease amp Advances from year 2006 to 2010 After that I have made some ratio analysis of the companies and tried to find some relation among asset deposit and lease-loan portfolio using the correlation and regression analysis Finally I have given a brief case study on LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) and drawn the conclusion on the present condition and future prospect of NBFI industry in our country
14 Significance of the Study
After completing the project I have gained some practical knowledge about the financial position of NBFIs in the economy of Bangladesh I think this report will be helpful for anyone to know about or to make further analysis on the Financial Institution Sector of our country
15 Limitations of the Study
I have faced the following limitations in the time of preparing the report 8 companies of the industry have not been selected for unavailability of data Different formats of Financial Statements followed by different companies created
some problem Some companies do not provide annual reports in their websites properly
Despite these limitations we have tried to give our best effort to prepare the report as properly as possible
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
Table of ContentsList of TablesList of FiguresExecutive Summary10 Introduction
11 Objective of the Study12 Scope of the Study13 Methodology
131 Study Approach132 Sampling Procedure133 Timeline Used for Data134 Data Collection amp Arrangement135 Tools Used136 Data Analysis
14 Significance of the Study15 Limitations of the Study
20 Literature Review21 Financial System22 Banking23 Micro Credit 24 Non-Banking Finance 25 Insurance 26 Asset structure27 Liability28 Investment Portfolio29 Ratio Analysis210 Correlation211 Regression
30 Bangladesh Profile 31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh 32 Capital Market of Bangladesh 33 Financial System in Bangladesh
331 Central Bank amp Other Banks
332 Micro-Credit Organizations333 Insurances334 NBFIs
40 NBFIs in Bangladesh 41 List of NBFIs42 Brief on NBFIs43 Growth Rate
50 Asset Structure of NBFI Industry60 Investment Portfolio of NBFIs
61 Growth in Portfolio 62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
70 Performance Analysis of NBFIs71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size712 Deposit Mobilization713Loans and Advances
72 Ratio Analysis80 Relationship between Value Drivers of NBFI Industry
71 Asset and Deposit72 Asset and Loans amp Advances73 Deposit and Loans amp Advances
90 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (A Case Study)91 Company Profile92 Prtoducts amp Services92 Shareholding Structure
100 Summary amp Discussion71 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh72 Future Prospects of NBFIs in Bangladesh
110 Conclusion120 Reference130 Bibliography 140 Appendix
List of Tables
List of Figures
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Core financial services provided by financial intermediaries include paymentsand liquidity maturity transformation store of value information processing andpooling of risks Banks have traditionally provided most of these services and areincreasingly diversifying into other areas However banks typically have an edgein providing payment and liquidity related services and they usually select aportfolio mix with an overriding objective of providing a certain return Non-banking financial institutions (NBFIs) on the other hand tend to offer enhancedequity and risk based products NBFIs play a crucial role in broadening access tofinancial services enhancing competition and diversification of the financialsector They are increasingly being recognized as complementary to the bankingsystem capable of absorbing shocks and spreading risks at times of financialdistressTraditionally our banking financial institutions are involved in term lendingactivities which are mostly unfamiliar products for them Inefficiency of BFIs inlong-term loan management has already leaded an enormous volume of outstanding loan in our country At this backdrop in order to ensure flow of termloans and to meet the credit gap NBFIs have immense importance in theeconomy In addition non-bank financial sector is important to increase themobilization of term savings and for the sake of providing support services to thecapital marketThe purpose of this paper is to highlight different features of NBFIs their contribution to the overall economy and the product base of NBFIs The paper also describes the performance of NBFIs as measured by different financialindicators along with the effects of banksrsquo entry into the non-bank financing areaSpecial emphasis has been given to identify the challenges faced by NBFIs inBangladesh And finally development of NBFIs as well as their role instrengthening the financial system of Bangladesh has been discussed
10 INTRODUCTION
11 Objective of the StudyI am a BBA student of Finance and to fulfill a partial requirement to complete my graduation I am continuing my internship program in LankaBangla Finance Limited a Non-Banking Financial Institution (NBFIs) of Bangladesh Working in this organization I have gathered some idea about the fact that the contribution of Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd In NBFIrsquoS of our country is highly remarkable So I have felt the interest to prepare my Internship Report on these institution The main objective of my report is to know and present some financial analysis on Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd Besides that I want to show the position and condition of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) in this industry
12 Scope of the StudyThere are 29 NBFIs in our country but information about all of them is not available So I have selected 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and tried to analyze information about those I have Shown some Financial data about these organizations and made analysis on those to see the inter-relationship among the Value Drivers of this industry
13 Methodology of the Study
131 Study ApproachAfter being ordered by the honorable supervisor teacher of my Internship Program Ms Shabnaz Amin Audity I have decided to make a report on At first I discussed about the topic of the report with the personnel of LankaBangla Finance Limited my intern place According to their suggestion and from my interest I selected the topic ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo Then I informed my teacher about the topic and submitted the proposal with the broad outline of the report After getting the acceptance from her I have started work on this topic
132 Sampling ProcedureI have not selected all of the 29 NBFIs from our industry I have selected only 21 NBFIs which are listed as Financial Institution Sector in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in order to find the financial data available So my criterion to select an NBFI was its data availability To fulfill this criterion I have selected those 21 Institutions and tried to represent the condition of total NBFI industry of Bangladesh
133 Timeline used for DataI have worked on 5 yearsrsquo (Year 2006- Year 2010) data of my selected companies to get a good picture of the industry
134 Data Collection amp ArrangementAfter selecting topic my plan for making this report was firstly to collect financial data about the 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and analyze them attentively for finding out the necessary information related to my report and finally to arrange all of those data systematically I have collected relevant financial information (Asset Liability Investment Profit etc) about those companies from the financial statements and notes given in their Annual Reports I have found some reports in the own websites of those companies and some in the library of DSE I have also collected different information from the website of DSE and Ministry of Finance (MOF)
Then I have input and arranged these data using Microsoft Excel Program according to the requirement of my analysis
135 Tools UsedAfter arranging the data properly I have used some tools to go ahead for analysis of the NBFI industry My used tools are
Compounded Annual Growth rate Formula Ratio Analysis Correlation-Coefficient Simple Linear Regression Analysis
136 Data AnalysisAt first I have shown Top 10 NBFIs according to both Market capital and Asset Size Then I have calculate compounded annual growth rate of Asset Deposit Investment portfolio and Loan Lease amp Advances from year 2006 to 2010 After that I have made some ratio analysis of the companies and tried to find some relation among asset deposit and lease-loan portfolio using the correlation and regression analysis Finally I have given a brief case study on LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) and drawn the conclusion on the present condition and future prospect of NBFI industry in our country
14 Significance of the Study
After completing the project I have gained some practical knowledge about the financial position of NBFIs in the economy of Bangladesh I think this report will be helpful for anyone to know about or to make further analysis on the Financial Institution Sector of our country
15 Limitations of the Study
I have faced the following limitations in the time of preparing the report 8 companies of the industry have not been selected for unavailability of data Different formats of Financial Statements followed by different companies created
some problem Some companies do not provide annual reports in their websites properly
Despite these limitations we have tried to give our best effort to prepare the report as properly as possible
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
61 Growth in Portfolio 62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
70 Performance Analysis of NBFIs71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size712 Deposit Mobilization713Loans and Advances
72 Ratio Analysis80 Relationship between Value Drivers of NBFI Industry
71 Asset and Deposit72 Asset and Loans amp Advances73 Deposit and Loans amp Advances
90 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (A Case Study)91 Company Profile92 Prtoducts amp Services92 Shareholding Structure
100 Summary amp Discussion71 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh72 Future Prospects of NBFIs in Bangladesh
110 Conclusion120 Reference130 Bibliography 140 Appendix
List of Tables
List of Figures
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Core financial services provided by financial intermediaries include paymentsand liquidity maturity transformation store of value information processing andpooling of risks Banks have traditionally provided most of these services and areincreasingly diversifying into other areas However banks typically have an edgein providing payment and liquidity related services and they usually select aportfolio mix with an overriding objective of providing a certain return Non-banking financial institutions (NBFIs) on the other hand tend to offer enhancedequity and risk based products NBFIs play a crucial role in broadening access tofinancial services enhancing competition and diversification of the financialsector They are increasingly being recognized as complementary to the bankingsystem capable of absorbing shocks and spreading risks at times of financialdistressTraditionally our banking financial institutions are involved in term lendingactivities which are mostly unfamiliar products for them Inefficiency of BFIs inlong-term loan management has already leaded an enormous volume of outstanding loan in our country At this backdrop in order to ensure flow of termloans and to meet the credit gap NBFIs have immense importance in theeconomy In addition non-bank financial sector is important to increase themobilization of term savings and for the sake of providing support services to thecapital marketThe purpose of this paper is to highlight different features of NBFIs their contribution to the overall economy and the product base of NBFIs The paper also describes the performance of NBFIs as measured by different financialindicators along with the effects of banksrsquo entry into the non-bank financing areaSpecial emphasis has been given to identify the challenges faced by NBFIs inBangladesh And finally development of NBFIs as well as their role instrengthening the financial system of Bangladesh has been discussed
10 INTRODUCTION
11 Objective of the StudyI am a BBA student of Finance and to fulfill a partial requirement to complete my graduation I am continuing my internship program in LankaBangla Finance Limited a Non-Banking Financial Institution (NBFIs) of Bangladesh Working in this organization I have gathered some idea about the fact that the contribution of Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd In NBFIrsquoS of our country is highly remarkable So I have felt the interest to prepare my Internship Report on these institution The main objective of my report is to know and present some financial analysis on Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd Besides that I want to show the position and condition of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) in this industry
12 Scope of the StudyThere are 29 NBFIs in our country but information about all of them is not available So I have selected 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and tried to analyze information about those I have Shown some Financial data about these organizations and made analysis on those to see the inter-relationship among the Value Drivers of this industry
13 Methodology of the Study
131 Study ApproachAfter being ordered by the honorable supervisor teacher of my Internship Program Ms Shabnaz Amin Audity I have decided to make a report on At first I discussed about the topic of the report with the personnel of LankaBangla Finance Limited my intern place According to their suggestion and from my interest I selected the topic ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo Then I informed my teacher about the topic and submitted the proposal with the broad outline of the report After getting the acceptance from her I have started work on this topic
132 Sampling ProcedureI have not selected all of the 29 NBFIs from our industry I have selected only 21 NBFIs which are listed as Financial Institution Sector in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in order to find the financial data available So my criterion to select an NBFI was its data availability To fulfill this criterion I have selected those 21 Institutions and tried to represent the condition of total NBFI industry of Bangladesh
133 Timeline used for DataI have worked on 5 yearsrsquo (Year 2006- Year 2010) data of my selected companies to get a good picture of the industry
134 Data Collection amp ArrangementAfter selecting topic my plan for making this report was firstly to collect financial data about the 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and analyze them attentively for finding out the necessary information related to my report and finally to arrange all of those data systematically I have collected relevant financial information (Asset Liability Investment Profit etc) about those companies from the financial statements and notes given in their Annual Reports I have found some reports in the own websites of those companies and some in the library of DSE I have also collected different information from the website of DSE and Ministry of Finance (MOF)
Then I have input and arranged these data using Microsoft Excel Program according to the requirement of my analysis
135 Tools UsedAfter arranging the data properly I have used some tools to go ahead for analysis of the NBFI industry My used tools are
Compounded Annual Growth rate Formula Ratio Analysis Correlation-Coefficient Simple Linear Regression Analysis
136 Data AnalysisAt first I have shown Top 10 NBFIs according to both Market capital and Asset Size Then I have calculate compounded annual growth rate of Asset Deposit Investment portfolio and Loan Lease amp Advances from year 2006 to 2010 After that I have made some ratio analysis of the companies and tried to find some relation among asset deposit and lease-loan portfolio using the correlation and regression analysis Finally I have given a brief case study on LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) and drawn the conclusion on the present condition and future prospect of NBFI industry in our country
14 Significance of the Study
After completing the project I have gained some practical knowledge about the financial position of NBFIs in the economy of Bangladesh I think this report will be helpful for anyone to know about or to make further analysis on the Financial Institution Sector of our country
15 Limitations of the Study
I have faced the following limitations in the time of preparing the report 8 companies of the industry have not been selected for unavailability of data Different formats of Financial Statements followed by different companies created
some problem Some companies do not provide annual reports in their websites properly
Despite these limitations we have tried to give our best effort to prepare the report as properly as possible
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
List of Tables
List of Figures
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Core financial services provided by financial intermediaries include paymentsand liquidity maturity transformation store of value information processing andpooling of risks Banks have traditionally provided most of these services and areincreasingly diversifying into other areas However banks typically have an edgein providing payment and liquidity related services and they usually select aportfolio mix with an overriding objective of providing a certain return Non-banking financial institutions (NBFIs) on the other hand tend to offer enhancedequity and risk based products NBFIs play a crucial role in broadening access tofinancial services enhancing competition and diversification of the financialsector They are increasingly being recognized as complementary to the bankingsystem capable of absorbing shocks and spreading risks at times of financialdistressTraditionally our banking financial institutions are involved in term lendingactivities which are mostly unfamiliar products for them Inefficiency of BFIs inlong-term loan management has already leaded an enormous volume of outstanding loan in our country At this backdrop in order to ensure flow of termloans and to meet the credit gap NBFIs have immense importance in theeconomy In addition non-bank financial sector is important to increase themobilization of term savings and for the sake of providing support services to thecapital marketThe purpose of this paper is to highlight different features of NBFIs their contribution to the overall economy and the product base of NBFIs The paper also describes the performance of NBFIs as measured by different financialindicators along with the effects of banksrsquo entry into the non-bank financing areaSpecial emphasis has been given to identify the challenges faced by NBFIs inBangladesh And finally development of NBFIs as well as their role instrengthening the financial system of Bangladesh has been discussed
10 INTRODUCTION
11 Objective of the StudyI am a BBA student of Finance and to fulfill a partial requirement to complete my graduation I am continuing my internship program in LankaBangla Finance Limited a Non-Banking Financial Institution (NBFIs) of Bangladesh Working in this organization I have gathered some idea about the fact that the contribution of Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd In NBFIrsquoS of our country is highly remarkable So I have felt the interest to prepare my Internship Report on these institution The main objective of my report is to know and present some financial analysis on Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd Besides that I want to show the position and condition of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) in this industry
12 Scope of the StudyThere are 29 NBFIs in our country but information about all of them is not available So I have selected 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and tried to analyze information about those I have Shown some Financial data about these organizations and made analysis on those to see the inter-relationship among the Value Drivers of this industry
13 Methodology of the Study
131 Study ApproachAfter being ordered by the honorable supervisor teacher of my Internship Program Ms Shabnaz Amin Audity I have decided to make a report on At first I discussed about the topic of the report with the personnel of LankaBangla Finance Limited my intern place According to their suggestion and from my interest I selected the topic ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo Then I informed my teacher about the topic and submitted the proposal with the broad outline of the report After getting the acceptance from her I have started work on this topic
132 Sampling ProcedureI have not selected all of the 29 NBFIs from our industry I have selected only 21 NBFIs which are listed as Financial Institution Sector in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in order to find the financial data available So my criterion to select an NBFI was its data availability To fulfill this criterion I have selected those 21 Institutions and tried to represent the condition of total NBFI industry of Bangladesh
133 Timeline used for DataI have worked on 5 yearsrsquo (Year 2006- Year 2010) data of my selected companies to get a good picture of the industry
134 Data Collection amp ArrangementAfter selecting topic my plan for making this report was firstly to collect financial data about the 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and analyze them attentively for finding out the necessary information related to my report and finally to arrange all of those data systematically I have collected relevant financial information (Asset Liability Investment Profit etc) about those companies from the financial statements and notes given in their Annual Reports I have found some reports in the own websites of those companies and some in the library of DSE I have also collected different information from the website of DSE and Ministry of Finance (MOF)
Then I have input and arranged these data using Microsoft Excel Program according to the requirement of my analysis
135 Tools UsedAfter arranging the data properly I have used some tools to go ahead for analysis of the NBFI industry My used tools are
Compounded Annual Growth rate Formula Ratio Analysis Correlation-Coefficient Simple Linear Regression Analysis
136 Data AnalysisAt first I have shown Top 10 NBFIs according to both Market capital and Asset Size Then I have calculate compounded annual growth rate of Asset Deposit Investment portfolio and Loan Lease amp Advances from year 2006 to 2010 After that I have made some ratio analysis of the companies and tried to find some relation among asset deposit and lease-loan portfolio using the correlation and regression analysis Finally I have given a brief case study on LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) and drawn the conclusion on the present condition and future prospect of NBFI industry in our country
14 Significance of the Study
After completing the project I have gained some practical knowledge about the financial position of NBFIs in the economy of Bangladesh I think this report will be helpful for anyone to know about or to make further analysis on the Financial Institution Sector of our country
15 Limitations of the Study
I have faced the following limitations in the time of preparing the report 8 companies of the industry have not been selected for unavailability of data Different formats of Financial Statements followed by different companies created
some problem Some companies do not provide annual reports in their websites properly
Despite these limitations we have tried to give our best effort to prepare the report as properly as possible
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Core financial services provided by financial intermediaries include paymentsand liquidity maturity transformation store of value information processing andpooling of risks Banks have traditionally provided most of these services and areincreasingly diversifying into other areas However banks typically have an edgein providing payment and liquidity related services and they usually select aportfolio mix with an overriding objective of providing a certain return Non-banking financial institutions (NBFIs) on the other hand tend to offer enhancedequity and risk based products NBFIs play a crucial role in broadening access tofinancial services enhancing competition and diversification of the financialsector They are increasingly being recognized as complementary to the bankingsystem capable of absorbing shocks and spreading risks at times of financialdistressTraditionally our banking financial institutions are involved in term lendingactivities which are mostly unfamiliar products for them Inefficiency of BFIs inlong-term loan management has already leaded an enormous volume of outstanding loan in our country At this backdrop in order to ensure flow of termloans and to meet the credit gap NBFIs have immense importance in theeconomy In addition non-bank financial sector is important to increase themobilization of term savings and for the sake of providing support services to thecapital marketThe purpose of this paper is to highlight different features of NBFIs their contribution to the overall economy and the product base of NBFIs The paper also describes the performance of NBFIs as measured by different financialindicators along with the effects of banksrsquo entry into the non-bank financing areaSpecial emphasis has been given to identify the challenges faced by NBFIs inBangladesh And finally development of NBFIs as well as their role instrengthening the financial system of Bangladesh has been discussed
10 INTRODUCTION
11 Objective of the StudyI am a BBA student of Finance and to fulfill a partial requirement to complete my graduation I am continuing my internship program in LankaBangla Finance Limited a Non-Banking Financial Institution (NBFIs) of Bangladesh Working in this organization I have gathered some idea about the fact that the contribution of Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd In NBFIrsquoS of our country is highly remarkable So I have felt the interest to prepare my Internship Report on these institution The main objective of my report is to know and present some financial analysis on Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd Besides that I want to show the position and condition of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) in this industry
12 Scope of the StudyThere are 29 NBFIs in our country but information about all of them is not available So I have selected 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and tried to analyze information about those I have Shown some Financial data about these organizations and made analysis on those to see the inter-relationship among the Value Drivers of this industry
13 Methodology of the Study
131 Study ApproachAfter being ordered by the honorable supervisor teacher of my Internship Program Ms Shabnaz Amin Audity I have decided to make a report on At first I discussed about the topic of the report with the personnel of LankaBangla Finance Limited my intern place According to their suggestion and from my interest I selected the topic ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo Then I informed my teacher about the topic and submitted the proposal with the broad outline of the report After getting the acceptance from her I have started work on this topic
132 Sampling ProcedureI have not selected all of the 29 NBFIs from our industry I have selected only 21 NBFIs which are listed as Financial Institution Sector in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in order to find the financial data available So my criterion to select an NBFI was its data availability To fulfill this criterion I have selected those 21 Institutions and tried to represent the condition of total NBFI industry of Bangladesh
133 Timeline used for DataI have worked on 5 yearsrsquo (Year 2006- Year 2010) data of my selected companies to get a good picture of the industry
134 Data Collection amp ArrangementAfter selecting topic my plan for making this report was firstly to collect financial data about the 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and analyze them attentively for finding out the necessary information related to my report and finally to arrange all of those data systematically I have collected relevant financial information (Asset Liability Investment Profit etc) about those companies from the financial statements and notes given in their Annual Reports I have found some reports in the own websites of those companies and some in the library of DSE I have also collected different information from the website of DSE and Ministry of Finance (MOF)
Then I have input and arranged these data using Microsoft Excel Program according to the requirement of my analysis
135 Tools UsedAfter arranging the data properly I have used some tools to go ahead for analysis of the NBFI industry My used tools are
Compounded Annual Growth rate Formula Ratio Analysis Correlation-Coefficient Simple Linear Regression Analysis
136 Data AnalysisAt first I have shown Top 10 NBFIs according to both Market capital and Asset Size Then I have calculate compounded annual growth rate of Asset Deposit Investment portfolio and Loan Lease amp Advances from year 2006 to 2010 After that I have made some ratio analysis of the companies and tried to find some relation among asset deposit and lease-loan portfolio using the correlation and regression analysis Finally I have given a brief case study on LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) and drawn the conclusion on the present condition and future prospect of NBFI industry in our country
14 Significance of the Study
After completing the project I have gained some practical knowledge about the financial position of NBFIs in the economy of Bangladesh I think this report will be helpful for anyone to know about or to make further analysis on the Financial Institution Sector of our country
15 Limitations of the Study
I have faced the following limitations in the time of preparing the report 8 companies of the industry have not been selected for unavailability of data Different formats of Financial Statements followed by different companies created
some problem Some companies do not provide annual reports in their websites properly
Despite these limitations we have tried to give our best effort to prepare the report as properly as possible
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
10 INTRODUCTION
11 Objective of the StudyI am a BBA student of Finance and to fulfill a partial requirement to complete my graduation I am continuing my internship program in LankaBangla Finance Limited a Non-Banking Financial Institution (NBFIs) of Bangladesh Working in this organization I have gathered some idea about the fact that the contribution of Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd In NBFIrsquoS of our country is highly remarkable So I have felt the interest to prepare my Internship Report on these institution The main objective of my report is to know and present some financial analysis on Lonka Bangla Finance Ltd Besides that I want to show the position and condition of LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) in this industry
12 Scope of the StudyThere are 29 NBFIs in our country but information about all of them is not available So I have selected 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and tried to analyze information about those I have Shown some Financial data about these organizations and made analysis on those to see the inter-relationship among the Value Drivers of this industry
13 Methodology of the Study
131 Study ApproachAfter being ordered by the honorable supervisor teacher of my Internship Program Ms Shabnaz Amin Audity I have decided to make a report on At first I discussed about the topic of the report with the personnel of LankaBangla Finance Limited my intern place According to their suggestion and from my interest I selected the topic ldquoAnalysis on Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh (Concentration 21 listed companies)rdquo Then I informed my teacher about the topic and submitted the proposal with the broad outline of the report After getting the acceptance from her I have started work on this topic
132 Sampling ProcedureI have not selected all of the 29 NBFIs from our industry I have selected only 21 NBFIs which are listed as Financial Institution Sector in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in order to find the financial data available So my criterion to select an NBFI was its data availability To fulfill this criterion I have selected those 21 Institutions and tried to represent the condition of total NBFI industry of Bangladesh
133 Timeline used for DataI have worked on 5 yearsrsquo (Year 2006- Year 2010) data of my selected companies to get a good picture of the industry
134 Data Collection amp ArrangementAfter selecting topic my plan for making this report was firstly to collect financial data about the 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and analyze them attentively for finding out the necessary information related to my report and finally to arrange all of those data systematically I have collected relevant financial information (Asset Liability Investment Profit etc) about those companies from the financial statements and notes given in their Annual Reports I have found some reports in the own websites of those companies and some in the library of DSE I have also collected different information from the website of DSE and Ministry of Finance (MOF)
Then I have input and arranged these data using Microsoft Excel Program according to the requirement of my analysis
135 Tools UsedAfter arranging the data properly I have used some tools to go ahead for analysis of the NBFI industry My used tools are
Compounded Annual Growth rate Formula Ratio Analysis Correlation-Coefficient Simple Linear Regression Analysis
136 Data AnalysisAt first I have shown Top 10 NBFIs according to both Market capital and Asset Size Then I have calculate compounded annual growth rate of Asset Deposit Investment portfolio and Loan Lease amp Advances from year 2006 to 2010 After that I have made some ratio analysis of the companies and tried to find some relation among asset deposit and lease-loan portfolio using the correlation and regression analysis Finally I have given a brief case study on LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) and drawn the conclusion on the present condition and future prospect of NBFI industry in our country
14 Significance of the Study
After completing the project I have gained some practical knowledge about the financial position of NBFIs in the economy of Bangladesh I think this report will be helpful for anyone to know about or to make further analysis on the Financial Institution Sector of our country
15 Limitations of the Study
I have faced the following limitations in the time of preparing the report 8 companies of the industry have not been selected for unavailability of data Different formats of Financial Statements followed by different companies created
some problem Some companies do not provide annual reports in their websites properly
Despite these limitations we have tried to give our best effort to prepare the report as properly as possible
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
134 Data Collection amp ArrangementAfter selecting topic my plan for making this report was firstly to collect financial data about the 21 DSE Listed NBFIs and analyze them attentively for finding out the necessary information related to my report and finally to arrange all of those data systematically I have collected relevant financial information (Asset Liability Investment Profit etc) about those companies from the financial statements and notes given in their Annual Reports I have found some reports in the own websites of those companies and some in the library of DSE I have also collected different information from the website of DSE and Ministry of Finance (MOF)
Then I have input and arranged these data using Microsoft Excel Program according to the requirement of my analysis
135 Tools UsedAfter arranging the data properly I have used some tools to go ahead for analysis of the NBFI industry My used tools are
Compounded Annual Growth rate Formula Ratio Analysis Correlation-Coefficient Simple Linear Regression Analysis
136 Data AnalysisAt first I have shown Top 10 NBFIs according to both Market capital and Asset Size Then I have calculate compounded annual growth rate of Asset Deposit Investment portfolio and Loan Lease amp Advances from year 2006 to 2010 After that I have made some ratio analysis of the companies and tried to find some relation among asset deposit and lease-loan portfolio using the correlation and regression analysis Finally I have given a brief case study on LankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) and drawn the conclusion on the present condition and future prospect of NBFI industry in our country
14 Significance of the Study
After completing the project I have gained some practical knowledge about the financial position of NBFIs in the economy of Bangladesh I think this report will be helpful for anyone to know about or to make further analysis on the Financial Institution Sector of our country
15 Limitations of the Study
I have faced the following limitations in the time of preparing the report 8 companies of the industry have not been selected for unavailability of data Different formats of Financial Statements followed by different companies created
some problem Some companies do not provide annual reports in their websites properly
Despite these limitations we have tried to give our best effort to prepare the report as properly as possible
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
Despite these limitations we have tried to give our best effort to prepare the report as properly as possible
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
20 LITERATURE REVIEW
21 Financial SystemIn finance the financial system is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers and borrowers It comprises a set of complex and closely interconnected financial institutions markets instruments services practices and transactions Financial systems are crucial to the allocation of resources in a modern economy They channel household savings to the corporate sector and allocate investment funds among firms they allow inter-temporal smoothing of consumption by households and expenditures by firms and they enable households and firms to share risks
22 BankingBanking business means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers the making of advances to customers and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of the Act A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy which regulates the money supply A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit either directly by lending or indirectly by investing through the capital markets
23 Micro CreditMicrocredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to those in poverty designed to spur entrepreneurship These individuals lack collateral steady employment and a verifiable credit history and therefore cannot meet even the most minimal qualifications to gain access to traditional credit Microcredit is a part of microfinance which is the provision of a wider range of financial services to the very poor
24 Non-Banking FinanceNon- Banking Finance means the activities of Non-bank financial Institutions (NBFIs) that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank ie one that does not hold a banking license Unlike banks these institutions are not allowed to create many options to take deposits from the public Nonetheless all operations of these institutions are still exercised under bank regulation Depending upon their nature of activities non- banking finance companies can be classified into the following categories
Development finance institutions Leasing companies Investment companies Modaraba companies
House finance companies Venture capital companies Discount amp guarantee houses Corporate development companies
25 Asset StructureIn financial accounting assets are economic resources Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the assets
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
owned by the firm Two major asset classes are tangible assets and intangible assets Tangible assets contain various subclasses including current assets and fixed assets Intangible assets are nonphysical resources and rights that have a value to the firm and give the firm some kind of advantage in the market place such as goodwill copyrights trademarks patents amp computer programs and financial assets including such items as accounts receivable bonds and stocks
26 LiabilityIn financial accounting a liability is defined as an obligation of an entity arising from past transactions or events the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets provision of services or other yielding of economic benefits in the future Liabilities are debts and obligations of the business that represent creditors claim on business assets Examples of Liabilities are all kinds of payable such as 1) Notes payable 2) Accounts Payable 3) Interests Payable 4) Sales Payable and 5) any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving a business or personal income that is payable during short or long time The balance sheet of a firm records the monetary value of the liabilities payable by the firm
27 Investment PortfolioInvestment Portfolio is a financial term denoting a collection of investments held by an investment company hedge fund financial institution or individual The term portfolio refers to any collection of financial assets such as stocks bonds and cash It is a generally accepted principle that a portfolio is designed according to the investors risk tolerance time frame and investment objectives The dollar amount of each asset may influence the riskreward ratio of the portfolio and is referred to as the asset allocation of the portfolio
28 Ratio AnalysisRatio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years other companies the industry or even the economy to judge the performance of the company Ratio analysis is predominately used by proponents of fundamental analysis There are many ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements pertaining to a companys performance activity financing and liquidity Some common ratios include the price-earnings ratio debt-equity ratio earnings per share asset turnover and working capital
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
30 BANGLADESH PROFILE
31 Macro-Economy of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is in the process of a transition from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrial and service economy The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country while the public sector concentrates more on the physical and social infrastructure There have been significant structural shifts in the economy over the past two decades
The current condition of our economy is as follows
Population 1461 crore
(Yea
r 20
09-2
010)
GDP per capita $687GDP growth rate 6GNI per capita $751Domestic savings ( of GDP) 2010National savings( of GDP) 3002Investment Rate ( of GDP) 2441Total exports ( of GDP) 1620 Total imports ( of GDP) 2130 Inflation Rate (Weighted Average) 731Forex reserves $10700 billionCurrency BDT (1 BDT=$001438)
We can see some future projection about the economy of our country in the following table
Real sector Projection2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
GDP at current price (bn US$) 12803 14535 16531 18755GDP growth at current price () 132 135 137 135GDP growth at constant price () 72 76 80 80Inflation () 63 61 60 60GDP deflator () 56 55 53 50Total investment ( GDP) 284 300 316 320
(Source Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website)
32 Financial System in Bangladesh
The financial system of Bangladesh consists of Capital Market Bangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank 4 State Owned Commercial Banks (SCB) 4 government owned specialized banks 30 domestic private banks 9 foreign banks and 30 non-bank financial institutions Moreover Micro-Credit Regulatory Authority (MRA) has given license to 298 Micro-credit Organizations The financial system also embraces insurance companies stock exchanges and co-operative banks
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
321 Capital MarketThe Capital market an important ingredient of the financial system plays a significant role in the economy of the country The Securities and Exchange Commission exercises powers under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993 It regulates institutions engaged in capital market activities The SEC has issued licenses to 27 institutions to act in the capital market Of these 19 institutions are Merchant Banker amp Portfolio Manager while 7 are Issue Managers and 1(one) acts as Issue Manager and Underwriter There are two stock exchanges (the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)) which deal in the secondary capital market According to the information from DSE website 35000 companies among the total 58000 companies of Bangladesh are listed in DSE and CSE
322 Central Bank and other Banks
Central BankBangladesh Bank (BB) as the central bank has legal authority to supervise and regulate all banks and non-bank financial institutions It performs the traditional central banking roles of note issuance and of being the banker to the government and banks Given some broad policy goals and objectives it formulates and implements monetary policy manages foreign exchange reserves and lays down prudential regulations and conduct monitoring thereof as they apply to the entire banking system
Commercial Banks The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector with limited role of Non-Bank Financial Institutions and the capital market The Banking sector alone accounts for a substantial share of assets of the financial system The banking system is dominated by the 4 State Owned Commercial Banks which together control more than 30 of deposits and operates 3383 branches (50 of the total) as of June 30 2008 There are also 30 domestic private banks and 9 foreign banks in Bangladesh
Specialized Banks Out of the 4 specialized banks two (Bangladesh Krishi Bank and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank) were created to meet the credit need of the agricultural sector and another one (Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd) is for extending term loans to the industrial sector of Bangladesh
323 Insurances
The insurance Sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 1938 with regulatory oversight provided by the controller of Insurance on authority under the ministry of commerce General insurance is provided by 21 companies and life insurance is provided by 6 companies The industry is dominated by the two large state-owned companiesmdashSadharan Bima Corporation (SBC) for general insurance and Jiban Bima Corporation (JBC) for life insurance--which together command most of the total assets of the insurance sector
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
324 Micro Credit Organizations
The member-based Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) constitute a rapidly growing segment of the Rural Financial Market (RFM) in Bangladesh Microcredit programs (MCP) in Bangladesh are implemented by various formal financial institutions (nationalized commercial banks and specialized banks) specialized government organizations and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) Some MFIs are ASA Brac BURO Bangladesh Grameen Bank Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) and Shakti Foundation for Disadvantaged Women
325 NBFIs
In Bangladesh Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs) are licensed and regulated under the Financial Institution Act 1993 NBFIs play an important role in financing various sectors like industry trade housing transport information technology as well as the capital market There are 29 NBFIs in the country At present there are 115 branches of which 59 in Dhaka 22 in Chittagong and the rest 34 in other districts
As on 31st December 2010 the total amount of capital and reserve of the NBFIs stood at BDT 4468929 million Total assets and total deposits of the NBFIs were BDT 25152734 million and BDT 9437480 million respectively Total outstanding loans and leases of the NBFIs was BDT 17809420 million
Major sources of funds of NBFIs are Term Deposit Credit Facility from Banks and other NBFIs Call Money as well as Bond and Securitization NBFIs are allowed to mobilize term deposit only of tenor not less than six months At present term liabilities are subject to a statutory liquidity requirement (SLR) of 5 percent inclusive of average 25 percent cash reserve ratio (CRR) SLR for the NBFIs operating without taking term deposit is 25 percent BASEL Accord now in the process of test run phase will be made compulsory from 2012
(Source Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Bangladesh Bank Website Bangladesh Ministry of Finance Website Monthly Review from Dhaka Stock Exchange)
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
40 NBFIS IN BANGLADESH
41 List of NBFIs
1 Bangladesh Finance amp Investment Co Ltd
2 Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited (BIFC)
3 Bay Leasing amp Investment Limited4 Delta Brac Housing Finance
Corporation Ltd (DBH)5 Fareast Finance amp Investment Limited6 Fidelity Assets amp Securities Company
Ltd7 First Lease Finance amp Investment Ltd8 GSP Finance Company (Bangladesh)
Limited (GSPB)9 Hajj Finance Company Limited10 IDLC Finance Limited11 Industrial and Infrastructure
Development Finance Company (IIDFC) Limited
12 Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh Limited(IPDC)
13 Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL)
14 International Leasing and Financial Services Limited
15 Islamic Finance and Investment Limited
16 LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL)17 MIDAS Financing Ltd (MFL)18 National Finance Ltd19 National Housing Finance and
Investments Limited (NHFIL)20 Oman Bangladesh Leasing amp Finance
Limited21 Peoples Leasing and Financial
Services Ltd22 Phoenix Finance and Investments
Limited23 Premier Leasing amp Finance Limited24 Prime Finance amp Investment Ltd25 Saudi-Bangladesh Industrial amp
Agricultural Investment Company Limited (SABINCO)
26 The UAE-Bangladesh Investment Co Ltd
27 Union Capital Limited28 United Leasing Company Limited
(ULCL)29 Uttara Finance and Investments
Limited
42 NBFIs in Capital market
Serial No
Name of NBFIsListing
YearMarket
CategoryFace Value
(Tk)No of
SecuritiesMarket
Price (Tk)Market Capital
(Tk)
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2007 A 10 53730739 8100 4072790000
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2006 A 100 5534526 48250 2581856000
3 Bay Leasing 2009 A 100 9486000 81150 7403823000
4 DBH 2008 A 100 5045625 115875 5690204000
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 2008 A 100 5166438 52975 2650383000
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2003 A 100 5031180 89100 4172106000
7 ICB 1977 A 100 25000000 231625 55381250000
8 IDLC 1992 A 100 9900000 179225 17738325000
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2005 A 100 6932824 42975 2785262000
10 International Leasing 2007 A 100 16293200 52625 8289165000
11 IPDC 2006 A 100 9485386 36300 3310400000
12 LankaBangla 2006 A 10 82351500 17450 13596233000
13 MIDAS Financing 2002 A 100 5466759 86950 4471809000
14 National Housing 2008 A 100 5720000 102775 5681390000
15 Peoples Leasing 2005 A 10 190627330 8080 14678304000
16 Phoenix 2007 A 100 7080107 79725 5481773000
17 Premier Leasing 2005 A 100 5209282 36450 1844086000
18 Prime Finance 2005 A 10 162450288 11530 18113207000
19 Union Capital 2007 A 10 95159591 7090 6413756000
20 United Leasing 1994 A 100 9240000 67475 5943630000
21 Uttara Finance 1997 A 10 73920000 14480 10407936000
Total in NBFI Industry 788830775 200707688000
43 Top 10 NBFIs
431 Asset Size based
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
431 Market Capital based
Serial No Name of NBFIs Total Asset (Tk)
1 ICB 38954917986
2 IDLC 26929990229
3 DBH 22048792035
4 LankaBangla 19322240000
5 Uttara Finance 16066356261
6 ILFSL 15685448385
7 Peoples Leasing 13997590098
8 Prime Finance 12911946872
9 Phoenix 11913226387
10 United Leasing 9259758909
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
Serial No Name of NBFIs Market Capital (Tk)
1 ICB 553812500002 Prime Finance 181132070003 IDLC 177383250004 Peoples Leasing 146783040005 LankaBangla 135962330006 Uttara Finance 104079360007 ILFSL 82891650008 Bay Leasing 74038230009 Union Capital 6413756000
10 United Leasing 5943630000
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
60 INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO OF NBFIS
61 Growth in Portfolio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 3445893946 2514720547 2372597659 2100893734 2240305910 1136
2Bangladesh Industrial
Fin 5688703687 4170638009 3108864075 1950314181 1152251179 4906
3 Bay Leasing 3317572880 3310447330 408320000 2732578610 1960737659 1405
4 DBH 19068159662 13623109277 10865020832 9262920562 6544837189 3065
5FAS Finance amp
Investment 2057938245 1173045448 1044227161 811483262 251688088 6910
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv 1800080844 1332272469 1265671924 1165867895 856961661 2039
7 ICB 11423431001 8476191471 7982337974 6650474020 6541936748 1495
8 IDLC 21821259774 20199540280 8226643772 7217968014 6096929906 3754
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1800080844 1332272469 2620813746 2147463238 1895121605 -128
10 International Leasing 14851420000 12291950000 10044220000 8164900000 6572100000 2261
11 IPDC 5251619925 4969522602 603292894 309283247 3851465260 806
12 LankaBangla 15064570000 10699170000 6869630000 4717460000 2420040000 5796
13 MIDAS Financing 3789239961 2205345911 1910810092 1196726737 1005381341 3933
14 National Housing 4085040000 3607270000 3285280000 2515617566 2322487864 1516
15 Peoples Leasing 13522134496 8022974325 5297080805 3550870127 2578853510 5132
16 Phoenix 9157677595 7913346663 5297080805 3550870127 3023715547 3192
17 Premier Leasing 4015118259 3736639258 2458649738 1716818517 1157862569 3646
18 Prime Finance 9977830094 8705465543 77912811486 70480017746 3198318299 3290
19 Union Capital 6345585020 4997907633 3567758815 2620310203 1393279853 4609
20 United Leasing 7714000000 7357000000 7865000000 7412000000 6084000000 611
21 Uttara Finance 10247691464 14352986340 6877604355 7072029755 6515091639 1199
8306907033 6904372170 8089700768 7016517502 3222065039 2671
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Investment Portfolio
Industry Average
62 Sector Distribution of Portfolio
To minimize the risk of loss the NBFIs of our country invest in a diversified portfolio All of the companies mainly invest in Equity Bonds Lease Portfolio and Different types of Loan portfolio such as Short amp long Term Finance Housing or Real Estate Finance Working Capital Finance Auto Loan Staff Loan Mortgage Loan etc Some of the companies also invest in Government Securities (Bangladesh Government Treasury Bills amp Bonds) especially the NBFIs (LankaBangla IPDC and International Leasing) involved in Primary Dealer activities are bound to invest in Govt Securities Again some companies provide Loans and Advances to the clients against their Fixed Deposits kept to those companies
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
United LeasingInvestment in share 158000000 205
Lease 5087000000 6595
loan 2469000000 3201Total 7714000000 100
ILFSLLease 3400410000 2290Term Loan 8417290000 5668Real Estate Finance 473890000 319Work Order 34430000 023Short Term Investment 977670000 658Investment in Govt Securities 1248220000 840Investment in Shares 299510000 202Total 14851420000 10000
ICBLoans amp Advances 93645374 082Lease 425531944 373Capital Investment in Other Institutions
27500000 024
Marketable Securities- at cost
10876753683 9521
Total 11423431001 10000IDLC
Real estate finance 5604572075 2568Loans 6859850333 3144Lease 4106824345 1882Long-term finance 4206981254 1928Short term finance 467566629 214Investment in shares 575465138 264Total 21821259774 10000
IFIL
Investment in shares 376515850 1054
General Investment 3196875033 8946
Total 3573390883 10000
FAS Finance amp InvestmentInvestment in shares 223711546 1087Investment in Bonds 1574310 008Lease Finance 157068015 763Loans 1675584374 8142Total 2057938245 10000
Now I want to show the distribution of the portfolio of different NBFIs in our country to different sectors
DBH
Housing Loan 17644616369 925Staff loan 88661522 05
Loan against Deposits 329388450 17Investment in Shares 805493321 42Investment in Bonds 200000000 10
Total 19068159662 100
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
Peoples LeasingInvestment in shares 1208782434 894Lease Finance 4302129818 3182Loans 8011222244 5925Total 13522134496 10000
Prime FinanceInvestment in shares 1257130031 1260Lease finance 133952580300 1343Term finance 419831379100 4208Real estate finance 138807764 139Margin loan (Net) 291072924000 2917Other finance 133323465 134Total 997783009400 10000
Union Capital
Investment in share 482633397 761Lease 1403047724 2211Term Finance 158587915 250Loan 4301315984 6778Total 6345585020 10000
Premier Leasing
Investment in share 265070697 660Lease 2217097581 5522Loan 1532949981 3818Total 4015118259 10000
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
Phoenix FinanceInvestment in share 610430992 667Lease 4123724254 4503Term amp Real Estate Finance 4423522349 4830Total 9157677595 10000
BIFSInvestment in share 512071158 900Lease 1298894006 2283House Finance 5891945 010Loan 3871846578 6806Total 5688703687 10000
Uttara FinanceInvestment in share 783729286 765Investment in Bond 5000000 005Lease Finance 3827453281 3735Term Finance 3956061796 3860Margin Loan 1675447101 1635Total 10247691464 10000
LankaBangla FinanceInvestment in Govt securities 1345690000 893Investment in Share 531390000 353Lease portfolio 969270000 643Term finance 2183630000 1450Short term finance 220080000 146Loan 6107990000 4055Other Investment 3706520000 2460Total 15064570000 10000
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
MIDAS FinancingInvestment in Securities 274353043 724Lease amp Loan portfolio 3514886918 9276Total 3789239961 10000
NHFILInvestment in Shares 110130000 270Term Finance 868850000 2127Lease 708580000 1735Mortgage Loan 2374420000 5812Others 23060000 056Total 4085040000 10000
Bangladesh Fin and Inv CoInvestment in Shares 489369077 1420Lease 1078158122 3129Term Finance 1875650040 5443House Finance 2716707 008Total 3445893946 10000
Bay LeasingInvestment in Securities 785729227 2368Lease Finance 2531843653 7632Total 3317572880 10000
IPDCInvestment in Govt securities 480984599 916Investment in Share 619678558 1180Lease Finance 1280091818 2438Term finance 2500653256 4762Short term finance 238730915 455Auto Loan 68603681 131Secured Retail Loan 44163648 084Staff Loan 18713450 036Total 5251619925 10000
FLFILInvestment in Share 84635212 470Lease amp Loan 1715445632 9530Total 1800080844 10000
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
From the above information and pie-charts we can see that the NBFIs of our country are careful about the risk existing in any investment So all of them own a diversified portfolio in different sectors of investment It can be said that they are contributing remarkably to the economy of Bangladesh by making careful investment in diversified portfolio
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
70 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NBFIS
71 Size Based Analysis
711 Asset Size
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Growth Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 4398727414 2793353389 2954459893 2377377543 2425714041 1604
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 6461289834 4992456811 3703170758 2603853528 2477408385 2708
3 Bay Leasing 6667765106 5 222465566 3903190000 3445379582 2777267332 2448
4 DBH 22048792035 16385681157 11012171345 9818926163 7031942909 3307
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 3060379592 1611929042 1282810111 1047698311 585679389 5119
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2220982611 1648741433 1138796354 993861382 959022580 2336
7 ICB 38954917986 35381613912 5934581459 6855407595 7084487976 5313
8 IDLC 26929990229 22681287226 17013001259 14762208632 8252173537 3441
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 4432816959 3525266589 2755285101 2270879164 1997212481 2206
10 International Leasing 15685448385 13276722659 10879600000 8590110000 6615880000 2409
11 IPDC 6422509475 6267784954 6505016558 7187049745 7641000000 -425
12 LankaBangla 19322240000 13435000000 8108870000 5782380000 2827540000 6168
13 MIDAS Financing 4127162529 2647026329 2238715381 1468925980 1104823485 3902
14 National Housing 5279390000 4571770000 5812480000 4464846844 3522934102 1064
15 Peoples Leasing 13997590098 8622819456 5766150471 4018377236 3090593746 4588
16 Phoenix 11913226387 9633933033 6072484488 5597693795 4158912039 3010
17 Premier Leasing 5047460000 4659321100 3111118046 2396613215 1572398584 3385
18 Prime Finance 12911946872 10373180515 110516618171 79618372628 3728998564 3641
19 Union Capital 7614500171 5860940080 4017268591 2969572350 1605271500 4758
20 United Leasing 9259758909 8718650920 8751525958 8274946715 6284000000 1018
21 Uttara Finance 16066356261 12607842802 10062218595 9194534590 6985535558 2315
11563011945 9484766070 11025692026 8749476905 3939466486 3089Industry Average
Serial No Name of NBFIs
Asset Size
712 Deposit Mobilization
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Deposit
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1729129054 950155998 10151675 598266046 580898680 3135
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2968732772 2308566329 1224655341 1072910378 387504912 6637
3 Bay Leasing 1172302155 1 665198851 1414890000 1104114339 593532235 1855
4 DBH1263010769
09845597129 7393717209 579056186 4571050822 2893
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 516815144 222292121 103635971 153619452 8611622 17833
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 414279031 388216979 294687945 235557000 324527778 629
7 ICB1798710010
521549702288 0 833108388 1199643360 9678
8 IDLC1300134655
510359768457 897204147 5165147538 1927320937 6116
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 2608668749 2147617662 1688752551 850963664 1110455019 2380
10 International Leasing 8418064625 7174917050 2879575743 2086315347 1686425754 4947
11 IPDC 3180862931 2329403480 2534799327 3045166436 2669831245 448
12 LankaBangla 4560000000 4432900000 2627300000 1818520000 761750000 5642
13 MIDAS Financing 899897595 585001266 618854274 321005500 175703000 5044
14 National Housing 2805730000 2377500000 3530330000 2917381412 2232662767 588
15 Peoples Leasing 4835119331 2890320366 2033331788 1457381647 1234107160 4069
16 Phoenix 7083646899 6193743447 4487765674 4068277431 2638933584 2800
17 Premier Leasing 2315632174 2165051436 1807779515 1391449991 818041065 2971
18 Prime Finance 3760306212 46325928272554022870
16939953032
71606643787 2369
19 Union Capital 3433515884 2901381446 1357757992 1083080149 523537836 6003
20 United Leasing 4511631775 4364526737 1650139304 1084979730 0 4280
21 Uttara Finance 3886917991 3470755501 3254126320 3089208596 2463945312 1207
Industry Average 4891419365 4564500526 3111889689 4874049503 1310244137 3900
713 Loans amp Advances
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Lease Loans amp Advances
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
rate
1Bangladesh Fin and
Inv2956524869 2144058329 630948921 1027866856 1097468353 2811
2Bangladesh
Industrial Fin5176632529 3767483179 2518231625 1630490447 1058927737 4869
3 Bay Leasing 2531843653 2 559763567 2349330000 2306490980 1647525681 1134
4 DBH 18062666341 13551165751 9234534841 7364599324 5593707135 3405
5FAS Finance amp
Investment1832652389 1052791848 955166623 787715078 227692332 6844
6First Lease Fin amp Inv
Ltd1715445632 1326503025 1518946783 1165867895 856961661 1895
7 ICB 9790069307 6739617933 0 0 0 978
8 IDLC 21254201366 19561593706 7999956972 7023891714 5953755106 3746
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1715445632 1326503025 1444030155 1274220230 1215701850 899
10 International Leasing 12900135225 10506880876 6847289746 5473941103 4010336583 3392
11 IPDC 4150956768 4048485439 4427261592 4533615399 4126584645 015
12 LankaBangla 9480970000 8093340000 5854220000 1879040000 1090110000 7173
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
13 MIDAS Financing 3514886918 2059245751 1768013468 1125388938 944140969 3891
14 National Housing 3974920000 3568010000 3261260000 1820704348 2280171364 1491
15 Peoples Leasing 12313352062 7411922411 2135371129 1499638352 1222034915 7817
16 Phoenix 8547246603 7156249689 3835031040 3302677749 2976151211 3018
17 Premier Leasing 3750047562 3681792621 2418059571 1710606929 1119189883 3530
18 Prime Finance 8720700063 7236967249 75602502241 57781997118 2084546590 4302
19 Union Capital 5862951623 4611055854 2561503357 2516583011 1330396473 4489
20 United Leasing 7556132134 7212452349 7691824018 7248594513 5617820000 769
21 Uttara Finance 9458962178 7125397629 6799716025 7048238345 2357970378 4152
Industry Average 7393654422 6109075833 7135866577 5643912778 2229104422 3495
72 Ratio Analysis
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
ROE
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2639 1458 1364 2240 1539 1444
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2716 2244 1030 1867 528 5059
3 Bay Leasing 2470 1950 1066 2322 1348 1634
4 DBH 2356 2192 2093 2106 2089 305
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 953 1531 916 1136 529 1584
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 1750 1594 1939 2241 2245 -604
7 ICB 3696 3140 188 1043 974 3956
8 IDLC 4364 4105 2843 2759 1745 2575
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1335 2735 151 1421 1454 -211
10 International Leasing 2707 2219 1493 1705 2014 767
11 IPDC 299 285 595 797 1062 -2715
12 LankaBangla 3549 3542 4094 4123 1932 1642
13 MIDAS Financing 2609 1734 1964 1482 1098 2416
14 National Housing 2001 1408 1259 1199 1611 556
15 Peoples Leasing 3059 2891 2126 2600 2900 134
16 Phoenix 709 451 1769 1824 1981 -2264
17 Premier Leasing 1445 1445 12676 945 1980 -756
18 Prime Finance 4442 3740 1862 2655 2064 2112
19 Union Capital 4676 2493 1742 1831 1460 3378
20 United Leasing 2620 1350 1400 1460 1380 1738
21 Uttara Finance 2556 2396 1752 1763 2204 378
Industry Average 2521 2138 2111 1882 1380 1626
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
Serial No
Name of NBFIsROA
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 895 425 280 420 199 4567
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 500 341 354 490 166 3176
3 Bay Leasing 1266 115 131 284 154 6938
4 DBH 359 292 342 292 308 391
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 341 773 359 671 441 - 622
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 780 881 909 762 1502 -1511
7 ICB 1279 701 5606 4853 981 684
8 IDLC 535 411 250 237 157 3587
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 490 381 227 273 296 1345
10 International Leasing 533 231 166 134 139 4006
11 IPDC 359 346 245 263 247 973
12 LankaBangla 880 554 466 489 300 3087
13 MIDAS Financing 635 398 501 594 315 1921
14 National Housing 479 425 237 345 343 870
15 Peoples Leasing 895 600 555 559 510 1507
16 Phoenix 467 351 388 034 343 804
17 Premier Leasing 440 3405 327 342 426 077
18 Prime Finance 1627 763 350 409 333 4868
19 Union Capital 1324 583 372 432 251 5153
20 United Leasing 637 513 232 241 285 2230
21 Uttara Finance 768 566 499 457 466 1330
Industry Average 737 622 609 599 389 1737
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Debt Equity Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 298 336 152 249 363 - 475
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 751 803 728 543 558 771
3 Bay Leasing 168 550 807 812 756 - 3134
4 DBH 1468 1327 1121 202 109 9164
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 206 188 147 120 110 1698
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 134 099 110 117 158 - 409
7 ICB 000 000 000 000 000 -
8 IDLC 630 848 832 954 928 - 923
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
10 International Leasing 179 318 302 499 596 - 2597
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
11 IPDC 074 066 096 133 179 - 1966
12 LankaBangla 303 540 779 868 567 - 1450
13 MIDAS Financing 466 256 265 175 158 3108
14 National Housing 527 495 707 607 537 - 047
15 Peoples Leasing 267 487 418 355 368 - 765
16 Phoenix 047 061 893 865 938 - 5271
17 Premier Leasing 670 691 741 610 410 1306
18 Prime Finance 213 405 394 497 531 - 2042
19 Union Capital 700 921 1013 812 527 735
20 United Leasing 470 590 660 660 570 - 471
21 Uttara Finance 278 373 393 204 187 1042
Industry Average 382 461 517 466 435 - 320
Serial No
Name of NBFIsFinancial Expense (Interest) Coverage Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 132 049 032 045 026 4986
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 060 037 038 051 018 3562
3 Bay Leasing 215 054 011 027 018 8630
4 DBH 051 037 035 036 040 633
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 104 167 093 585 244 -1908
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 163 189 117 079 205 -558
7 ICB 316 144 9655 2995 647 -1643
8 IDLC 207 175 146 138 129 1255
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 069 045 025 031 037 1702
10 International Leasing 165 125 117 115 114 968
11 IPDC 077 060 036 037 025 3302
12 LankaBangla 267 179 153 150 141 1731
13 MIDAS Financing 140 066 091 143 073 1783
14 National Housing 070 046 027 042 037 1683
15 Peoples Leasing 202 126 114 097 097 2004
16 Phoenix 058 040 032 003 028 1938
17 Premier Leasing 050 381 028 036 045 252
18 Prime Finance 259 152 054 062 048 5244
19 Union Capital 207 081 059 072 031 6036
20 United Leasing 160 130 130 140 140 339
21 Uttara Finance 115 075 057 043 060 1757
Industry Average 147 112 526 235 105 879
Serial Name of NBFIs Financial Expense to Total Expense
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
No 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 069 077 082 078 086 -517
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 081 085 086 085 092 -317
3 Bay Leasing 075 087 2892 087 095 -581
4 DBH 073 085 196 077 075 -065
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 061 052 044 016 029 1976
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 038 053 090 123 068 -1342
7 ICB 059 073 054 033 042 859
8 IDLC 054 064 064 347 071 -692
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 071 089 077 073 086 -474
10 International Leasing 065 067 103 091 093 -885
11 IPDC 061 076 092 090 090 -916
12 LankaBangla 266 399 567 078 066 4181
13 MIDAS Financing 039 060 048 045 047 -475
14 National Housing 071 076 084 075 063 306
15 Peoples Leasing 067 069 055 071 077 -335
16 Phoenix 075 075 076 080 081 -182
17 Premier Leasing 081 081 076 344 078 069
18 Prime Finance 066 078 069 068 074 -314
19 Union Capital 053 070 059 063 080 -976
20 United Leasing 058 078 070 069 022 2745
21 Uttara Finance 070 076 078 083 084 -444
Industry Average 074 089 236 099 071 084
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Total Investment to Net Worth
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 370 456 503 498 766 -1665
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 749 754 674 471 303 2544
3 Bay Leasing 133 412 097 723 604 -3148
4 DBH 1462 1277 1289 1453 1273 352
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 214 210 201 172 090 2403
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 227 204 237 254 241 -144
7 ICB 138 161 135 122 121 343
8 IDLC 591 844 579 604 641 -198
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 194 257 697 596 551 -2298
10 International Leasing 4080 6476 1326 1183 1302 3305
11 IPDC 118 128 035 018 240 -1627
12 LankaBangla 314 509 745 790 571 -1386
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
13 MIDAS Financing 576 446 434 322 312 1658
14 National Housing 505 488 470 406 425 436
15 Peoples Leasing 401 652 606 515 506 -565
16 Phoenix 279 288 873 619 761 -2222
17 Premier Leasing 424 732 563 440 380 280
18 Prime Finance 256 477 1161 1338 650 -2075
19 Union Capital 522 772 734 653 551 -135
20 United Leasing 476 583 686 716 651 -752
21 Uttara Finance 310 694 413 481 527 -1243
Industry Average 588 801 593 589 546 185
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated Earnings Per Share (EPS)
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 458 183 1752 2835 1930 -3020
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 3726 2803 1314 2395 2066 1589
3 Bay Leasing 7226 5119 3865 2095 3628
4 DBH 7400 5500 4700 5600 4500 1324
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1726 1905 1220 1375 805 2101
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2756 2588 4853 4916 5504 -1588
7 ICB 12227 8292 15715 6047 4638 2742
8 IDLC 22118 13698 6773 5050 2617 7050
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1803 3554 1783 1865 1818 -021
10 International Leasing 6739 4028 3886 4654 5650 450
11 IPDC 1401 1284 1325 1873 2757 -1557
12 LankaBangla 3200 1400 981 547 243 9050
13 MIDAS Financing 3137 2002 2326 1939 1367 2308
14 National Housing 2832 2001 1850 1430 1691 1376
15 Peoples Leasing 947 494 356 456 496 1755
16 Phoenix 3378 2840 3194 3977 2340 961
17 Premier Leasing 2627 1698 1227 1313 1980 732
18 Prime Finance 1065 757 4437 4278 3399 -2518
19 Union Capital 600 300 202 211 058 7934
20 United Leasing 7164 3072 2895 2722 2344 3222
21 Uttara Finance 1144 1251 9220 8183 9554 -4118
Industry Average 4461 3084 3500 3121 2755 1280
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Dividend Payout Ratio
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 2200 2000 1000 1500 000 1005
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 2500 2250 2200 2000 000 574
3 Bay Leasing 6500 5000 000 000 000 678
4 DBH 3500 3200 3000 000 000 393
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 1500 1500 1200 000 000 574
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 2500 7500 2000 2000 2000 574
7 ICB 4000 10500 11000 1400 1200 3512
8 IDLC 10000 11000 3500 4000 3833 2709
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 1600 2500 1600 1500 1250 637
10 International Leasing 6000 7500 3000 3000 000 1892
11 IPDC 1000 1000 1000 1500 1500 -964
12 LankaBangla 5500 3500 3000 2500 1000 5314
13 MIDAS Financing 3500 1750 1750 1500 1200 3068
14 National Housing 2000 17500 1250 000 000 1247
15 Peoples Leasing 7500 3850 2000 3500 3000 2574
16 Phoenix 3500 3000 2500 2200 000 1231
17 Premier Leasing 2000 1500 1000 1250 1500 746
18 Prime Finance 8000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2779
19 Union Capital 7500 3000 2000 3000 000 2574
20 United Leasing 8250 10750 1428 3000 2000 4251
21 Uttara Finance 4000 2500 3000 3000 3000 746
Industry Average 4431 5062 2449 1945 1166 3962
Serial No
Name of NBFIs
Restated NAV Per Share
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007Growth
Rate
1 Bangladesh Fin and Inv 1736 1253 12843 12655 12542 -3900
2 Bangladesh Industrial Fin 13721 12493 12763 12833 12981 140
3 Bay Leasing 26240 26250 26100 26015 16047 1308
4 DBH 32300 27500 27500 21400 20700 1177
5 FAS Finance amp Investment 18627 12449 13326 12105 11140 1371
6 First Lease Fin amp Inv Ltd 15747 16238 24797 21938 26512 -1221
7 ICB 33084 26403 36408 38686 32086 077
8 IDLC 61503 39885 26855 20791 15867 4031
9 Islamic Fin and Inv 13499 12995 11802 13121 11257 465
10 International Leasing 24894 18155 29931 30009 25550 -065
11 IPDC 20863 21408 22265 23488 24965 -439
12 LankaBangla 9018 4744 2396 1707 1211 6519
13 MIDAS Financing 12024 12215 12490 13577 13478 -281
14 National Housing 14156 14206 13455 12890 11616 507
15 Peoples Leasing 1769 1233 12139 11474 14293 -4069
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
16 Phoenix 22675 14798 15555 14877 18808 479
17 Premier Leasing 12421 11752 11562 11368 11312 237
18 Prime Finance 2149 2024 14292 13796 14468 -3792
19 Union Capital 1817 1200 1162 1151 1176 1149
20 United Leasing 30700 23900 21700 19600 17700 1476
21 Uttara Finance 4477 5221 52629 43408 45871 -4411
Industry Average 17782 14587 19141 17947 17123 095
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
90 LANKABANGLA FINANCE LTD (A CASE STUDY)
91 Company ProfileLankaBangla Finance Limited (LBFL) a joint venture financial institution established with multinational collaboration is in operation since 1997 having license from Bangladesh Bank under Financial Institutions Act 1993 With institutional shareholding structure educated amp motivated human resources friendly working environment amp dynamic corporate culture has enabled LBFL to be a diversified financial services providing institution of the country Technical support provided by Sampath Bank Limited Sri Lanka has been working as a catalyst to emerge LBFL as most innovative financial solution provider strictly in compliance with the rules amp regulations of Bangladesh Bank The company was formerly known as Vanik Bangladesh Limited and changed its name to LankaBangla Finance Limited in April 2005 LankaBangla Finance Limited was incorporated in 1996 and is headquartered in Dhaka Bangladesh
LankaBangla Finance Ltd (LBFL) At A GlanceIncorporation of the Company 5 November 1996Commencement of Business 5 November 1996Licensed as Financial Institution by Bangladesh Bank
30th October 1997
Listing on Dhaka Stock Exchange 17 October 2006Licensed as Primary Dealer 23rd November 2009Position in the Bangladesh NBFI IndustryAccording to Market CapitalAccording to Asset Size
5th
4th Market Capital (as of October 17 2011) Tk 13596233000
Total Asset (Year 2010) Tk 19322240000
Subsidiary CompaniesLankaBangla Securities Ltd LankaBangla Asset Management Company Ltd amp LankaBangla Investments Ltd
92 Products amp Services
LankaBangla Finance Limited provides a range of financial services primarily in Bangladesh It offers credit and investment products including lease finance term finance short term finance working capital finance work order finance car finance domestic factoring of accounts receivables and SME finance as well as mortgage loans comprising real estate developers finance and home loans The company also provides corporate services consisting of syndication of leaseloan advisory services and investment counseling In addition it offers merchant banking services such as investors portfolio management services margin loan IPO advisory issue management and underwriting various deposit schemes and stock brokerage services One of the most important activities of LBFL is Lending Government by purchasing Treasury Bills and Bonds from Bangladesh bank through Primary Dealership 1048714 Per
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
93 Shareholding StructureThe shareholding structure of LBFL consists of Commercial Banks Investment Bank Corporate amp prominent Industrialists from home amp abroad The current structure is
Sl No Details Percentage1 Foreign Sponsors
Sampath Bank PLC Sri Lanka 0947
2 Local Sponsorsa) One Bank Limited Bangladesh 0486
2930b) SSC Holdings Limited Bangladesh 0107c) Shanta Apparels Limited Bangladesh 01843 General Shareholders 6123
Shareholding Structure 10000
93 Departments in LBFL
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
100 FINDINGS amp RECOMENDATION91 Present Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh
One important arena of NBFIs is the deployment of funds in the long term financing By
definition banking financial institutions should not involve in the long term financing and they
are the institutions related to the money market instruments and allowed to make only fully
collateral short term lending Bank business is based on the depositorsrsquo money Lending long is
risky because it creates least accountability to the borrowers Borrowing short and lending long
by the BFIs create a mismatch in the financial system and hamper the macroeconomic stability
Time lag between lending and borrowing of the commercial banks has leaded a maturity
mismatch as there is about 10 months average maturity gap between the deposit fund and loan
portfolio (BB FID) Again the interest rate charged by banks does not cover the total cost of
funds Before 1990 there was direct monetary control and the central bank administered the
interest rate for both deposit and credit After that although interest rates were not controlled by
the central bank commercial banks did not have such professionally ndashexpert personnel to assess the lending risk Banking sector in Bangladesh felt a lack of basic expertise which was needed
for the market-oriented approaches In the same way performance of the two public
Development Financial Institutions ( DFIs) namely BSB and BSRS are very unsatisfactory as
their non-performing loan is over 50 for the last several yearsThese issue demanded for a
sustainable basis for long term financing which is a major part of the NBFIs business by nature
However in Bangladesh the BFIs are still the principal sources of long term financing
accounted to about 70-80 term loan disbursement (BB FID) Before 80s there was no
alternative mode of long term lending other than the BFIs So BFIs were in a tremendous
pressure to provide long term financing for industrialization of the country After 80s there was
consensus among the government policymakers and international bodies to search an alternative
source Subsequently NBFIs have started to emerge in the financial system of Bangladesh
31 Term Financing by NBFIs
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
Term loan provided by the financial system of Bangladesh is about US$ 250-300 million per
year equivalent to around 15 of our GDP while the public and private investment amounts to
about 16 of GDP (FIDP working paper 1999) Without smooth long term lending system
industrial development of the country is not possible Analysis of the operational activities of the
NBFIs shows that many of them have strong participation in lease financing However though
leasing is considered as an alternative mode of long term lending NBFIs contribution to total
long term financing is still very small in amount As on December 31 2001 total financing of 25
licensed NBFIs stood Tk 212407 million (NBFIs-FRs) According to the statistics of BB 285
percent of the outstanding amounts of loansleases was found classified as bad debt as on June
30 2001 (BB 2002) 32 NBFIs Performance in Leasing
We discuss NBFIs performance in leasing specially in this section because of its some imposing
features though leasing are analyzed under the head of long term financing in this paper for many
times One important feature is that the leasing industries in Bangladesh have grown significantly
within the last 10 years Competition among the leasing industries has been intensified and this
competition in leasing business does not come only from the NBFIs but also from BFIs Many
commercial banks and other financial institutions like ICB (Investment Corporation of
Bangladesh) are participating in the leasing business The commercial banks are doing lease
business as EZARA under Section 7 DA(4) of the Bank Companies Act 1991 Commercial
banks are also taking advantage of their low costs of fund than the leasing companies In this
situation leasing companies have an argument that if banks are allowed to do lease business so
they should be permitted to do banking in a limited scale This type of agreement may not be
considered as good because it would create difficulties in the smooth functioning of these two
sectors
Table 2 shows the expansion of the leasing companies in lease market over the period of 1999 to
2001 During the period the number of participation of the completely local and private owned
companies has increased substantially from 3 to 8 whereas the joint venture between domestic
and foreign governmentcompanies remained stagnant in 10 The total number of participation of
NBFIs in leasing market has increased to 19 in the year 2001 which was 16 in 2000 and 13 in
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
1999 The increasing number of participation in the leasing market has made the market more
competitive in last few years
An analysis of the financial position of various NBFIs shows that about 70 of the lease asset of
NBFIs is captured by 7 NBFIs namely IDLC ULCL PLC UFIL GSPFCL IPDC and ILFS Table 3 shows the efficiency of asset return in terms of Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on
Equity (ROE) ratios of 15 NBFIs These 15 NBFIs are selected on the basis of the higher lease
asset share among NBFIs as evident from their financial statements In some cases half yearly
data have been used due to unavailability of calendar year data However sufficient attention has
been given to the reliability of data and its sources Industrial averages have been calculated from
the sample because these 15 NBFIs capture major market share in leasing asset (about 97) in
this sector
From the table 3 we find that in the year 2000 and 2001 all major leasing companies have ROE
greater than the industry average In terms of ROA though some of them have the ratio lower
than the market average but many of them have done very well NBFIs like ULCL UFIL ILFS
GSPFCL were in better position in respect of ROA and ROE among the major companies
Higher ROA and ROE of major leasing industries suggest higher return on their investment and
shows a strong performance in their business as well as their expansion and contribution in the
economy of Bangladesh
Product diversification
The imposing picture of the lease industry in Bangladesh over a short period of time built up the
confidence that it could grow with our expected level Leasing should not be confined with some
selected sectors It should come with a view to financing small and medium scale enterprises
especially taking into considerations into the manufacturing enterprises forward and backward
linkage industries etc The leasing companies have a changing role with the liberalization of
capital and money market with a vision to increase investment and production of the economy
Particularly leasing sector in Bangladesh has identified the areas capital machinery heavy
construction equipment transport vehicles information technology (IT) energy and power
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
sector air conditioning plants and equipment tractors trailers power tillers consumer durables
etc as the potential for financing (Chowdhury A 2001) However leasing companies in
Bangladesh are confined with the less risky investment Leasing should be expanded to more
risky and higher return investment like venture capital energy resource etc In Japan leasing in
computers and office machinery captures more than two third of the market In Bangladesh
leasing companies can come forward to expand the IT sector and thereby can play a significant
role in the development of the economy
92 Suggested Alternative Activities of NBFIs in Bangladesh
(a) Exploring Alternative Sources of Funds
The finance and leasing companies across the world are using different sources for collecting fundsNBFIs in Bangladesh may also explore the possibilities of gaining access to new sources of funds likeissuance of commercial paper and discounting or sale of lease receivables However in releasing suchnew products some regulatory changes have to be made Another innovative and promising sourceof funds may be the securitisation of assets In this connection IPDC launched first asset backedsecurities in 2004 as an alternative source of funding This new instrument emerged as an importanttool and added a new dimension in the financial market The core attraction of this scheme was the
at the time of payment thereof whichever is earlier and this deduction was deemed to be finaldischarge of tax liability (Chowdhury 2005) But changes in taxation policy in 2005 by thegovernment have made the future of this instrument less attractive for the concerned financialinstitutions
(b) Competition and Product Diversification
NBFIs in Bangladesh are operating in a highly competitive environment The competition for NBFIs is evenmore challenging as they have to compete with banks Given the changes in the business environment theneed for product diversification is very important At present lease financing constitutes 55 percent of thetotal long term assets of NBFIs The remaining part concentrates mainly on term financing and housingfinance Some of NBFIs are primarily engaged in leasing some are also diversifying into other lines of business like merchant banking equity financing etc Currently 22 NBFIs (out of 29) specialize in leasefinancing NBFIs are permitted to undertake a wide array of activities and therefore should not confinethemselves to one or two types of product only Leasing no doubt presents a good alternative form of termfinancing but NBFIs should also venture into diversified use of their funds such as merchant bankingventure capital financing factoring etc for a healthy growth of the capital market
(c) Enhancing Capital Market Activities
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
NBFIs around the world carry out a significant role in the development of the capital market Stronginstitutional support is necessary for a vibrant capital market which is the core of economicdevelopment in any market based economic system NBFIs through their merchant banking wing canact in this regard A total of 30 companies are now listed as merchant banks in Bangladesh of which23 are full-fledged 6 are issue managers and only one is a portfolio manager Only nine NBFIs haveregistered with SEC for performing merchant banking activities But their activities in the capitalmarket are rather limited (
Financial Sector Review
Bangladesh Bank 2006) Active participation of merchant banks is essential to accelerate the capital market activities which can expedite the economicgrowth of the country The success of merchant banking operations is largely linked to the developmentof the security market So NBFIs should concentrate more on their opportunities in the capital market
(d) Issues of Taxation
The financing mode of lending and leasing are totally different from one another The concept andprocedure particularly the accounting and taxation system are also quite different So it is advisablenot to mix up the two different operations otherwise it might distort the basic financial norms As thetax treatment is totally different in leasing business mixing up of lending and leasing in the samebusiness portfolio might create the possibility of tax evasion (Sarker 2004)
(e) Market Segmentation
It has been discussed earlier that though banks and NBFIs compete with each other they can alsoperform complementary functions As suggested by Jamal (2004) and Sarker (2004) to function ascomplementary institutions both banks and NBFIs should follow some ethical and technical norms
Banks wishing to enter in the leasing business which is essentially a core operation of NBFIs shoulddo so through opening subsidiaries so that a level playing field for NBFIs can be maintained This isneeded as banks have access to lower cost funds compared to NBFIs which puts the former in anadvantageous position Alternatively banks can go for joint financing under syndication arrangementswith leasing companies on any project proposal Again banks can concentrate on working capitalfinance and foreign exchange operations which matches more with their asset-liability managementLong term investment like financing capital machineries can be done by NBFIs and in the event whenbanks want to engage in such activities they can place their funds with an NBFI to extend leasefacility for those machineries Jamal (2004) mentioned that this is important for two reasons ldquofirst incase of lease facility the machineries will remain under the ownership of leasing companies who willhave absolute authority and control on their assets Second machineries will be imported in the nameof a leasing company and letter of credit will be opened against its name So over invoicing or underinvoicing may be averted and thereby more transparency will be ensured and tax evasion may bepluggedrdquo
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
100 CONCLUSION
Emergence of NBFIs has created a new avenue in our bank dominance traditional financial
system Traditionally banks are doing such businesses that they are not supposed to do
Long
term lending of banks is mostly unfamiliar product for them and has created a serious
distortion
in the financial market Rather than gaining any benefit from such types of activities the
society
is now carrying the load of overwhelming default loans As leasing is considered as an
alternative of long term financing many NBFIs have strong performance in leasing
business
The performance of the NBFIs in leasing business suggests that the industry can be growing
up
in a sustainable basis But leasing must not be confined with selected sectors NBFIs have to
be
equipped with highly professional personnel and technological advancement to chase the
future
opportunities and competition as well
Page 16
Strong institutional support is necessary for the development of capital market which is the
core
of economic development in the market economic system NBFIs around the world provide
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
institutions support to the capital market In Bangladesh only 7 NBFIs are registered with
the
SEC and their activities in the capital market are very limited So NBFIs should concentrate
more on their activities in the capital market
NBFIs are suffering from high cost and scarcity of funds At present with high cost of fund
non-banks are forced to compete with the banks those have relatively low cost of fund This
situation somewhat hampers the growth and development of NBFIs For rapid growth and
development of this sector fund problem should be solved on a priority basis Opening of a
refinancing window even for a limited period of time may be considered after a strategic
evaluation Banking has the multifaceted own activities so that for bringing more efficiency
in
their own efficiency as well as the efficiency of the financial system they should not be involved
with the activities that the NBFIs can do It is recommended that government and the
central
bank will take initiatives to ease the fund constraint of NBFIs so that they can minimize
their
cost of fund and to bring their cost of fund at a market level NBFIs from their part shall be much
more attentive in rigorous project analysis to perform the loans well
A modern and dynamic regulatory framework is required for the rapid and effective development
of NBFIs The NBFIs are now regulated by the Fiancial Institutions Act 1993 and Financial
Institutions Regulations 1994 Some weaknesses of these regulations have been identified
NBFI
regulations should be the classification into deposit and non-deposit takers Those NBFIsrsquo
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
activities are involved with the capital market that is those obtain funds through public
offering
of securities should be under the regulatory jurisdiction of the Security and Exchange
Commission Bangladesh Bank has formulated and declared policies for classifying and
Page 17
provisioning of investment resources of NBFIs in June 2000 The classification rule has been
formulated with a view to judging quality of investment funds strengthening discipline in
lending and recovery securing peoplesrsquo deposit having provisions for the loss of
unrecoverable
invested funds and imposing interest against bad investment This classification procedure
will
definitely improve and promote the activities of NBFIs but the procedure is always subject
to
improvement with the diversification of products of NBFIs
Government of Bangladesh has already taken some important steps to patronize the sector
including allowance and pension and insurance fund to invest in the capital market
reduction of
stamp duties and taxes of issuing cost of bonds and imposition of 10 tax on interest
income
arising from national savings certificate Government has already initiated to build a
secondary
bond market with IMF assistance It will be better for NBF sector if the secondary bond
market
could be established on an urgent basis
The NBFIs should publish their annual report following a unique system It is good that BB have
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
simplified the rules and procedures for submission of returns to BB It is recommended that
BB
should include analysis of NBFIs sector in details in their periodical publications In this way
accountability on the activities of NBFIs can be established with more efficiency to the
stakeholders NBFIs deposit and credit should be accounted in the money supply for effective
monetary and credit management
In sum this paper mainly discusses and highlights some important aspects and areas of NBF
sector of Bangladesh that could receive much attention from policymakers There are many
problems in the development process of NBFIs and consequently strengthening the financial
system of Bangladesh It is now well established that NBFIs can contribute much in
strengthening the financial system as well as in the process of economic development of the
Page 18
country Since inception in 1986 NBFIs are some-what successful to draw attention of the
people and establish its importance in the financial sector as well as in the economy of
Bangladesh It is hoped that in future NBFIs would be able to play more significant role in
the
development of economy of Bangladesh Further research on the significance of their
contribution in the economy is required
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
110 REFERENCES
1Bangladesh Economic Review-2010 (Bangla version) Ministry of Finance
2Index of economic freedom 2010 The Heritage Foundation
3MRA (Microcredit Regulatory Authority) 2006 ldquoNGO-MFIs inBangladeshrdquo Vol III (June) MRA Dhaka Bangladesh Available onthe Web site of Bangladesh Bank wwwbangladesh-bankorg (chooseldquoPublicationsrdquo then ldquoAllrdquo then ldquoNGO-MFIs in Bangladeshrdquo) AccessedAugust 2009
4Centre for Policy Dialogue Website wwwcpd-bangladeshorg
5Bangladesh Bank (2006) ldquoFinancial Sector Reviewrdquo Vol1 No1 MayPolicy Analysis UnitResearch Department
6Bangladesh Leasing and Finance Companies Association (BLFCA)Year Book (Various Issues)
7Barai M K Saha S and Mamun A A (1999) ldquoProgress andProspects of Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Bangladeshrdquo BankParikrama Vol XXIV No 1
8Chen YC (2001) ldquoLease Financing in Taiwanrdquo In Lisa Paul edWorld Leasing Yearbook 2001
9httpwwwfasbdcomhttpwwwipdcbdcom
10httpwwwgspfinancecocom httpwwwamhajjfinancecom
11httpwwwlankabanglacom httpwwwidlccom
12httpwwwplfsbdcom httpwwwprimefinancenet
13Bangladesh Economic Update March 2011 wwwunnayanorg
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
120 BIBLIOGRAPHY
130 APPENDIX
130 APPENDIX