Internal Partitions - Presented to Architecture Students

7/24/2019 Internal Partitions - Presented to Architecture Students

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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

PartitionsK10 Plasterboard

K30 Demountable30 Demountable

K32 Cubicle Partitions


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LSBU Tech & Env 2 Lecture

Domestic, Small & Medium sizebuildings

Construction methods, materials,services and systemservices and systems

Internal walls and partitions


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RequirementsPrinciples of Element Designg


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Wall Actions

Gravity: downward pull

Wind: Motive, Destructive, Penetrative

Rain: Moisture deposition penetrationain: Moisture deposition, penetration

Snow: Moisture deposition, loading

Moisture vapour: permeation, condensation, insulation impaired,t i l d d tiaterial degradation

Sun: Temp variation, thermal movement, heat gains, Chemicaldecomposition

Dirt and Dust: infiltration, deposition, surface pollution

Chemicals: corrosion, disintegration, decomposition

Sound: Noise nuisance from within and from withoutound: Noise nuisance, from within and from without

Attack: Manual, Ballistics, Bomb Blast

Thermal: heat loss, radiant coolth, condensation, stack effect


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Wall Reactions

Gravity: Support & restraint

Wind: rigidity, resilience, sealing, air tightness layers and detailing

Rain: deflection impervious skin absorption and drainage sealingain: deflection, impervious skin, absorption and drainage, sealing

Moisture vapour: resistance, hygroscopicity, permability, breathing,

moisture mass

S d fl ti i i ki b ti d d i li Snow: deflection, impervious skin, absorption and drainage, sealing

Sun: movement joints, insulation, shielding, invulnerable materials

Dirt and Dust: repulsion, exclusion, sheilding, cleaning, , g, g

Chemicals: invulnerable materials, exclusion,

Sound: Insulation, absorption, acoustic mass, separation, isolation,

Attack: toughness, lamination, edge restraint, edge protection

Insulating: thermal insulation, thermal mass, U value, G value, coldbridge avoidance/minimisation


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Partition properties

Wall Categories

Appearance

St t l t th d t bilit Structural strength and stability

Wind post, stiffening posts, head and abutment restraint, joint

reinforcementFi P t ti Fire Protection

Fire resistance, spread of flame

Durability and maintenance

Thermal performance

Insulation, thermal mass, cold bridge avoidance, air tightness

Acoustic performance:

Noise barrier, sound absorption, flanking sound,


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Partition Properties

Movement Thermal, structural, moisture

S it Security

Party walls , ,and Insulation, sound control

Compartment Walls

Fixed Partitions

Relocatable Partitions

Cubicles

Mobile Partitions


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

-

Tim er oc worO a ue Timber Walls

Timber Constructions


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STEKO

L d b i ti b bl k koad-bearing timber blockwork

Construction Resources Showrooms Southwark London


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STEKO

Load-bearing timber blockwork


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

partitionsPlasterboard lined


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Timber stud partition

Moisture resistance, Fire resistance

Acoustic insulation, Robustness, Thermal insulation.


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Partition head/Floor junction


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Partition change of direction


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

partitionsPlasterboard lined


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Timber stud partition

Moisture resistance, Fire resistance

Acoustic insulation, Robustness, Thermal insulation.


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Partition change of direction


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

upportsUpper floorsp


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Joists & Partitionsoists & Partitions

Multiple section simplifies designultiple section simplifies design


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Floor

J i / & i ioists/Beams & Partitions

Multiple section with flitch plate of steel

bolted together


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1


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Compound stud I beams to

accommodate more acoustic insulationccommodate more acoustic insulation

Compound section reduces amount ofompound section reduces amount of

materials used and weight


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Compound Studs I Studs to

accommodate more thermal insulationccommodate more thermal insulation

Compound section reduces amount of materials used, weight, cold-bridging

Layering: Services Zone simplify installation & avoid penetrations


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Compound stud I beams, inner and

outer boards and acoustic insulationuter boards and acoustic insulation

P f b i t d i t l ll lrefabricated internal wall panel


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SIP Structural Insulated Panel



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SIP Structural Insulated Panel



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Load-bearing Structural Timber Panel

P f b i t d ll titi lrefabricated wall or partition panel


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

nsu ation


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Arup/B Dunster Report

As UK climate approachesMediterranean temperatures we need

to adopt mediation techniques

Solar shading at windowolar shading at window

Internal doors on closers to control heat

flow from warm to cool side

Internal partitions need to be insulatednternal partitions need to be insulated


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Insulating of stud partitions

Softwood studs simple design

Insulation applied from one side

blown, sprayed or installed then linedlown, sprayed or installed then lined


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Insulation installation

I j t d ft blnjected after assembly


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Tradis insulated panels

Prefabricated wall panelrefabricated wall panel

pre-insulated in factory


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Tradis Panels

Pre-insulated injected panels jointre insulated injected panels joint

insulated with batt during assembly


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Load-bearing Structural Timber Panel

Prefabricated partition panelrefabricated partition panel

insulated on surfaces


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

B oc PartitionsCI/SfB (22) internal Partitions


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Unfired clay and strawnfired clay and straw


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Wall & openingall & opening

Load-bearing wall

Lintel

Non-loadbearing wall

Frame

Opening


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

Eart PartitionsCI/SfB (22) internal Partitions


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any shape

Rammed Earth Walls

any shape

many ingredientsg

colours & textures

thermal mass

Load-bearingoad-bearing

but dynamic


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

PartitionsCI/SfB (22) internal Partitions


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Wall & openingall & opening

Lintel

Frame

Opening


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Lintels for masonry walls

BrickPerforated Brick

Stone

Terracotta

Hollow blockSaves clay

Wei ht Faence

Firing time

Transport


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Lintels for masonry partitions

Timber

Reinforced

ConcretePre-stressed

Concrete

Steel


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

PartitionsCI/SfB (22) internal Partitions


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Climate Change Readiness

www.greenspec.co.uk25/10/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

& BlockworkThe Environment The Problem s

The Com petition Som e Solutions

Another GreenSpec CPD to download soon


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Lintels for conc. block partitions

Timber

Reinforced

ConcretePre-stressed

ConcreteTrough block

Steel


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unctionsCI/SfB (21) External Walls

Acoustic construction


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1


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Flanking Sound

Air paths around barriers Partitions are barriers but sound can flankartitions are barriers, but sound can flank

around them behind wall linings, over ceilings

and below floors

Barriers are needed in those cavities, aligned

with the partitions

They usually need density or air tightness to

be effectivee effective

St t l Fl


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Structural Floor

Suspended ceiling

Partitions

Screed

Raised Access Floor

Structural Floor

St t l Fl


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Structural Floor

Acoustic Barriers

Suspended ceiling

Partitions

Screed

Raised Access Floor

Structural Floor


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Hiccup Details

Flash-gapsUsually happens when we modify thesually happens when we modify the

manufacturers standard details

Diminish the performance of elements

Hiccups meeting hiccups can lead toiccups meeting hiccups can lead to

problems and have been know to make

holes through elementsoles through elements

Fire, Acoustics, Airtightness


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Hiccup Details (flash gaps)

Detail Tried and

Tested

Detail untried

and found

Fire, Acoustics and Airtightness


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

Structural Floor


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Structural Floor

Fire Smoke Cavity Barriers

Suspended ceiling

Partitions

ScreedRaised Access Floor

Structural Floor

Floor Joists


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in internal wallsn internal walls

Joist penetrations into wall

need to be acoustic, fire, light, air tight


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Cavity party

llalls

Solid wallsolid walls

and

li ht i htightweight

partitionsartitions


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Acoustic Constructionscoustic Constructions

k


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1


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Party Walls act as heat stacks:

Attic spaces

Party Walls act as heat stacks:

Thermal By-pass

Attic spaces

Party walls between

flats and terraced orlats and terraced or

semi-detached houses

No Building Regulation

P t L i tart L requirements

Acoustic details in

Party walls make

heat loss prevention difficult

26/06/2009 NGS 2007 (22) Internal Partitions 63

p

www greenspec co uk


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

R Effi iesource Efficiency



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15/11/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

www.greenspec.co.u

Design to help

R d W teduce W aste

Easy steps to reduce your share

23/11/2007 12:06 NG S 2002-2006 Waste A t Design Diagram s 1

demolition and excavation waste each year

Another GreenSpec CPD to download soon

www.greenspec.co.uk


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www.greenspec.co.uk

08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1Reduce Demand

Dont over design structureExcept if long design life demands itxcept if long design life demands it

Dont oversize Dont cut section from solid if

compound is possibleompound is possible


www.greenspec.co.uk


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g p


Dont cut section from solid if compound is

possible

Reduce solid sections to compound to reduce

weight and materials used


www.greenspec.co.uk


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g p


Consider use of materials as found:onsider use of materials as found:

Round pole structures

Or compound sections without waste

Or use off cuts in claddingr use off-cuts in cladding

26/06/2009 NGS 2007 (22) Internal Partitions 68oundwood Cut Waste Wood Boarding Cut Reassemble

www.greenspec.co.uk


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08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1

Resource Efficiencyesource Efficiency

Pl t b d & t dlasterboard & stud

partitions


1 layer or 2?


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Tolerances? Moisture resistance

Nothing gained

Robustness? Fire Performance?obustness? Fire Performance?

Acoustic performance?

2 layers = 2 x materials &


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2 layers = 2 x off-cutslayers = 2 x off-cuts

1 thicker layer of different grade


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= 1 x off-cuts1 x off-cuts

Joists


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Joists/Beams & Partitions


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?

Different section complicates detail

Creates off cuts and wastereates off-cuts and waste

Changes appearance below


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Joists/Beams & Partitions

?

Standardising size leads to over-design of

f thany for the one


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Joists/Beams & Partitionsoists/Beams & Partitions


Floor


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J i / & i ioists/Beams & Partitions

Multiple section with flitch plate of steel

bolted together


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Partition plan sectionartition plan section

Lazy Structural Design: less calculation, more structureazy Structural Design: less calculation, more structure

Avoid over design of structural supports or around openings

Avoid creating wide cold bridges through insulation

Avoid chopping standard width insulation rolls: more wastevoid chopping standard width insulation rolls: more waste


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BedZED Beddington Sutton Architect: Dr Bill Dunster,

Reclaim: BioRegional ReCLAIMED NGS


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Design dictates Sequence

The details at the abutments dictate the

sequence of assemblyy

Whether the designer likes it, admits it

or notr not

Consider wet trades first, dry second

Consider working top down to minimisedamage of floors by following tradesamage of floors by following trades

Structural Floor


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Suspended ceiling

4 4

1 35 7

ScreedRaised Access Floor26

Structural Floor


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Design details create waste

Many heights of partitions and linings

Creates demand for different heightreates demand for different heightboards

1 maker provide an off cut take backmaker provide an off-cut take-back

scheme (BG but not comprehensive)

Oth id d b d Others provide purpose made boardscut to height (if the job is big enough)

Others cut board to size (F)

How many sizes does your job need?

Structural Floor


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Suspended ceiling

Check board sizes as you design

Dont assume all board grades are the same

3.2 3.02.6 2.4 2.5

ScreedRaised Access Floor

Structural Floor

Controlled Sizing:ontrolled Sizing:


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Reduces Waste

Dimensional

co-ordination

Room sizes

match Tileatch Tile

modules

No waste


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But look outside the boxut look outside the box


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Modular thick walls solve itodular thick walls solve it


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Storage built into wallstorage built into walls


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Architects: Walters & Cohen

Holmes Place Health Club Canary Wharf

www.greenspec.co.uk


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08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1


Bl k klockwork

partitions



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Lintels in blockwork walls

Cut

block

Cut block

Pre-stressed concrete Concrete trough lintel

Galvanized Mild Steel

WasteWaste


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Minimise Waste

Co-ordinate block

course and lintel

heights to

minimise waste

from cut blocks

215 mm bearings15 mm. bearings

Design openings

to be block and

half block sized

Block


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Block Block Block

a on s e oc s oc

Block Block

Block

Half Block

Block

Half Block

Half Block

Block Block

Half Block

Concrete blocks forming lintel in

walls over opening of max 440 mm.

No Design: Offcuts 33 +o Design: Offcuts 33


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< block h Top Course

Lintel h x l < blocks

Same strength

block wall bonded

Different strength

block wall unbonded

Opening

Wall thickness

not corresponding

h x w < blocksith block bonding

Opening position in wall

< block h Base Course

Jamb

blocks

block

< block h Base Course

block


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Offcuts 33

Lintel h x l = blocks

150 mm bearing50 mm. bearing

Opening

h x w = blocks

2 jamb

blocks

= 1 block

1 block h Base Course

1 block

Modular design:


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considerably less than 33

1 block h Top Course

Lintel h x l = blocks

Holes = 1/2 blocks

225 mm bearings on whole block

Opening

225 mm. bearings on whole block

h x w = blocks

2 jamb or

end blocks

= 1 block

1 block h Base Course

Doorsets to fit openingsoorsets to fit openings


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Fire Doorsets to fit block openingsire Doorsets to fit block openings


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Doorsets to fit floor heightsoorsets to fit floor heights


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Avoid chasing masonry

Avoid chasing masonry

Avoid waste materials

Avoid masonry dustvoid masonry dust

Avoid conduits

Avoid Rendering-invoid Rendering in

Surface mount allurface mount all

services and cover with

hollow Skirtingsollow Skirtings,

dado, etc.

www.greenspec.co.uk


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08/12/2007 NGS 2006 Title 1


cubicle partitionsubicle partitions


Cubicle & Modular Partitionsubicle & Modular Partitions


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created from panels

Manufactured

Panel

Partition

Price will reflect no waste

same size as

panel =

No waste



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created from panels

Manufactured

panel

Partition

artition

Smaller

than panel

w

than panel

w



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created from panels

Manufactured Requires

panel

q

second panel

Partition

Price

And more

waste

larger than

Manufactured

reflect

high

panel


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Design for Deconstruction

Demountable

Reclaimable Partitioneclaimable Partition

Reusable Partition

Recyclable panel material

R bl fi i d f t Reusable fixings and fasteners

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Internal Partitions - Presented to Architecture Students

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