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IntroductionIntroduction
• What Causes Water Pollution?
– Human’s Activities
• Everything that humans allow to be entered in the water
• Activities which humans do which result in water pollution
Solid Pollution EffectsSolid Pollution Effects
• Blocks the sun’s rays
• Water becomes unstable to humans and animals
• Causes marine life to suffer and actually die
SewageSewage
• What is Sewage?
– Sewage refers to liquid wastes containing a mixture of human wastes and wastewater from non-industrial human activities
• In Many poor areas of the world, sewage remains untreated
Solid Pollution EffectsSolid Pollution Effects
• Risk to Human Health– As a Result 1.5 Millions Deaths Occur
• Destroys Marine’s Ecosystems– Harming Fish’s Ability of Reproducing– Eutrofication– Can Increase the Turbidity and Sediments– Fish’s Overall Population
FertilizersFertilizers
• Materials Used to Provide Plant Nutrients– Contain Essential Ingridients Plants Need – It Can Also be Found in Spray Forms
• Types of Fertilizers– Complete inorganic fertilizers – Special purpose fertilizer – Liquid fertilizers– Slow-release fertilizer– Fertilizer with insecticide
PesticidesPesticides
• 'Pesticide' is a broad term, covering a range of products that are used to control pests.
• Farmers Use Pesticides to:– protect crops– Prevent animals and insects from
contaminating foods– safeguard human health
Effects of Fertilizers and PesticidesEffects of Fertilizers and Pesticides
• Eutrophication• Pollution of water• Suffocation • Death of living organisms• Diseases on humans
Oil PollutionOil Pollution
• The worst impacts from oil use is during shipping.
Big Spills (37)
Routine Maintenance
(137)
Down the Drain (363)
Up in Smoke (92)
Offshore Drilling (15)
Natural Seeps (62)
Oil Pollution (Gallons Per Year)
Effects of Oil PollutionEffects of Oil Pollution
• Thousands of Animals die immediately– 250,000-500,000 Seabirds– 1,000 Otters– 300 Harbor Seals– 250 Bald Eagles– 22 Orcas
• Destruction of Billions:– Salmons– Herring Eggs
Effects of Electricity GeneratingEffects of Electricity Generating
• Increase in the Temperature of Water• Increases the rate of photosynthesis• Increases the metabolic rate of fish• Dissolved Oxygen in water decreases
• Temperature Increase• Eutrophication• Decrease in Dissolved Oxygen• Dead Zones• Coral Bleaching• Global Warming
How Does The Water Get Polluted?
Temperature IncreaseTemperature Increase• aquatic life adapted to a certain water
temperature can go into shock when the temp is changed even 1 or 2 oC (Global warming)
• Increases the rate of photosynthesis, which increases the amount of plant growth, developing eutrophic conditions
• Increases the metabolic rate of fish, which increases their need of oxygen
• Dissolved Oxygen in water decreases
Solid dot - Upper lethal Limit for a Given species
Open dot - Best Temprature for spawning
Solid blocks – Preferred Temperature Range
Coral BleachingCoral Bleaching
• Coral bleaching refers to the loss of color of corals due to...
•Causes of Coral Bleaching– Temperature– Solar Irradiance– Sedimentation– Fresh Water Dilution– Inorganic Nutrients
Effects of Coral BleachingEffects of Coral Bleaching• Destroys the habitat of marine
organisms• Results in the migration of
organisms to other areas .. slow growth of some populations
• Destruction of food chains and webs
• Reduce the amount of waste you create by choosing what rubbish you throw away .
• Before you throw those items away, think about how they can be REUSED.
• Recycling greatly contributes towards improving the environment by reducing solid pollution.
Solutions to Water Pollution
• No overdose of fertilizers and pesticides
• Use them safely and effectively
• Keep fertilizers, leaves and grass clippings off streets and driveway
• Prevent soil erosion
Solutions to Water Pollution
• MARPOL (for MARine POLlution)
• Safer oil tankers
• Pass the heated water through cooling towers or cooling ponds
• Produce less waste heat
• Cogeneration
Solutions to Water Pollution