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INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
IEA Policies and Measures Database
Julia Reinaud
Energy Efficiency and Environment Division
IEA
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
ObjectiveDescription/database structureReview and update processAccessTrends in PAMs
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
Objective
The Dealing with Climate Change website allows the user to search a detailed database of information on polices and measures taken or planned by IEA Member countries to reduce energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
Currently, the database contains over 1000 records covering all policies and measures taken or planned since 1999.
http://climate.iea.org
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
Description/database structure
Pre-defined fields Country name, Year implemented/planned,or Current status, Policy type (Fiscal, RD&D, regulatory instrument, Policy
Process & Outreach , Tradable permits, VA),
Sector, Energy source.
Open fields
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
Review and update process
On a yearly basisThe secretariat collects information throughout
the calendar yearAt the end of the year, the secretariat updates the
database based on this information A password protected website accessible only to
IEA delegates to review and update existing records (3 months)
the database is the official sanction of governments on an annual basis of their climate/energy policies.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
Trends in PAMs
Fiscal measures Almost 1/3 of all new measures taken or planned in
the past four years, over 20 per cent of the PAMs implemented in 2003
Few new tax measures directly related to energy use or carbon emissions were initiated
E.g. Energy Tax on fossil fuels in Japan
Vast majority developed to provide incentives (subsidies, tax credits or feed-in tariffs) for:
Energy efficiency improvements (in the transport sector: France, Japan; to homeowners: US),
Renewable energy sources in building, energy production and transport sectors ,
Emerging low carbon technologies
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
Trends in PAMs
Regulatory instruments A new set of laws or the introduction of mandates and
standards
Another important policy tool increasingly used by IEA Member countries over the past couple of years
Regulatory policies or reforms E.g. EU to promote CHP, Climate Change Plan for Canada
Mandates and standards are also often used to promote energy efficiency, or renewable sources of energy
E.g. ensure that a minimum proportion of biofuels and other renewable fuels is placed on their markets: Sweden, EU
E.g. mandatory labelling: Australia; Top Runner Programme Japan
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
Trends in PAMs
Voluntary agreements In 2003, the same number of voluntary agreement (VA)
policies as in 2002, was implemented. They often contain a target and a time schedule to
achieve it. In the environmental policy mix of IEA countries,
voluntary measures are most often used in combination with one or more other instruments as part of “policy mixes”.
in 2003 most frequently set-up between governments and the transport or industry sector.
E.g. SmartWay Transport Partnership USA, Australia, "High Energetic Performance" label France
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
Trends in PAMs
Policy Processes and Outreach most broadly used category of policy instruments with
fiscal measures. A clear distinction between:
‘planning’ policies (consultation, strategic planning, and institutional development) ‘outreach’ policies (information dissemination, and advisory efforts)
Planning policies are the backbone of GHG mitigation programmes
E.g. UK Energy White Paper often involve the creation of specific institutions or aid in
implementation E.g. Belgian National Climate Commission
Outreach policies aim to inform and advise people or organisations on how to reduce their GHG emissions efficiently
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
Trends in PAMs
Research, Development & Demonstration (RD&D) mainly focused on the development of cleaner
technologies notably with respect to hydrogen-based technologies
In 2003, several countries (Canada, Japan or the United States) and regions (European Union) stressed their will to accelerate the development and commercialisation of fuel cells
E.g. International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy
support bio-fuelled and renewable energy systems and technologies
E.g. Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF)
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
Trends in PAMs
Tradable Permits
GHG tradable permits, Emissions trading consist of tradable permits and project-based
programmes (CDM, JI) at a country level in Canada, Japan, Norway at a state or more local level in countries such as Australia and the
United States.
renewable energy certificates, E.g. Sweden, EU Directive on electricity labelling
energy efficiency trading.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE
Questions are welcome
To fight against climate change, countries have adopted a portfolio of policies and measures
Countries may wish to use this information to prepare National Communications