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International Journal of
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Dear Readers,
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International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing focuses on original high-quality
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monitoring, Mobile satellite services, Orbits and launches, Spacecraft technology, Ground equipment for
geo sitcom, Vsat satellite communication, Web based services, Land survey data, Low and high data rate
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Puneet Mehrotra
Managing Director
1. Climate Change Impact on Land Use/Land Covers Change Through Remote Sensing, A Case Study of Dangra Sub-watershed, Bankura and Puruliya District Kartic Bera 1
2. Design of Compact Dipole Array Antenna for Radar Communication V. Koushick 7
3. Data Mining Techniques Used for Rainfall Prediction – A Review SurveyDhiraj Kumar, Neetu Sharma 15
4. Glacier and Lake Areas and Snowlines Over Past Two Decades: Status of Alaknanda BasinAsha Thapliyal, Sradha, Archana, Anju Panwar, Komal, Rakesh Joon 22
5. A Review on Web ServicesRahul Saraf 30
Contents
IJSCRS (2016) 1–6 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1
International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Climate Change Impact on Land Use/Land Covers Change
Through Remote Sensing, A Case Study of Dangra Sub-
watershed, Bankura and Puruliya District
Kartic Bera* Department of Remote Sensing & GIS, Vidyasagar University, Paschim Medinipur, Midnapore,
West Bengal, India
Abstract
A wide range of research suggests that many natural systems are already being affected by
regional climate change. The present study’s focus is climate change impact on land use/land
covers change identification of Dangra sub-watershed. Land use/land cover (LU/LC) can be
defined by the ability of the physical and chemical properties of soil, drainage, relief, ground
water, slope and climate of the area. Remote sensing and GIS analysis are used to collect,
analysis and retrieve large volumes of spatially referenced data collected from different
sources. The present study has utilized the analytical capabilities of GIS in generation of
thematic map of land use/land covers of the sub-watershed. The study concludes that, land
use condition depends on climate (Rainfall) condition. Maximum area of agricultural land
and water body are occurred in the year 2010, beside the rainfall amount also high in the
year.
Keywords: agriculture, agro-climate, climate change, watershed
INTRODUCTION International instability could increase as a
consequence of climate change, either
directly through extreme weather events
and water system stresses, or indirectly as
social and political systems in vulnerable
parts of the world come under increasing
strain.[1]
The green water storage, i.e. the
soil water is decreasing in the mid-century
with respect to 1970s. Climate impacts of
global- and regional-scale LU/LC have
been studied using both observations and
models.[2,3]
Agriculture resource measured
to be one of the most important renewable
and dynamic natural resource.[4]
Agriculture is one of the important
resources on which physical, economic,
and social development depends.
Agriculture provides food and variety of
minerals and therefore it needs proper use
of land. Agriculture resource has very
often been left in the past entirely of
primitive method. This has led to proper
use of land resulting basic resource which
has gradually deteriorated. The importance
of land classification is on the basis of
quality and intensity of land use.[5]
Humans have changed the global
environment for centuries, and its impact
has intensified over recent decades due to
increased population and intensification of
industrial activity.[6]
The exploitation and
misconduct of natural resource with socio-
economic factors, the demands for land
become more competitive. Crops that
require special management are excluded.
Agriculture ability of the world’s natural
resource to provide the needs of its
growing population is a fundamental issue
for the international community.[7]
Soil
IJSCRS (2015) 7–14© JournalsPub 2015. All Rights Reserved Page 7
International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing Vol. 1: Issue 2
www.journalspub.com
Design of Compact Dipole Array Antenna for Radar
Communication
V. Koushick* Department of ECE, Trichy Engineering College, Konalai, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
A design of compact dipole array antenna for RADAR communication is designed and
presented in this paper. The proposed dipole array antenna is built on a Rogers’s 5880 (FR –
4) substrate with a length of 48 mm, thickness of 1.6mm, and width of 60mm. The proposed
antenna is designed over a frequency range of 1.0–10.0 GHz. The antenna is designed and
simulated using HFSS software, which helps to obtain the analysis of antenna parameters
such as efficiency, VSWR, directivity, return loss, gain and relation between them.
Keywords: array antenna, HFSS, radiation pattern, VSWR
INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the development in
communication systems require low cost,
compact size and low profile antennas that
are capable of achieving good performance
over a wide spectrum of frequencies. The
current trend in radar systems is to develop
printed antennas at minimal cost and light
weight which are able to maintain high
performance over a wide frequency
spectrum. Due to low fabrication and
compactness of the planar antennas, the
field is attracting the researchers to work
in this area.[1–4]
To maintaining
compactness, operating in multiple
frequency bands and achieving high gain
of the antenna is still a challenge to the
researchers.[2]
Antenna is an important device of any
wireless communication system as it
converts the electrical signals (propagating
in the RF Transceiver) into
Electromagnetic Waves (Propagating in
the free space) efficiently with minimum
loss. An antenna (or aerial) is an electrical
device which converts electric power into
radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually
used with a radio transmitter or radio
receiver. In transmission, a radio
transmitter supplies an electric current
oscillating at radio frequency to the
antenna's terminals, and the antenna
radiates the energy from the current as
electromagnetic waves (radio waves). In
reception, an antenna intercepts some of
the power of an electromagnetic wave in
order to produce a tiny voltage at its
terminals, which is applied to a receiver to
be amplified. Antennas are essential
components of all equipment that uses
radio. They are used in systems such as
radio broadcasting, television
broadcasting, two-way radio,
communications receivers, radar, cell
phones, and satellite communications, as
well as other devices such as garage door
openers, wireless microphones, Bluetooth-
enabled devices, wireless computer
networks, baby monitors, and RFID tags
on merchandise.
The antenna consists of an arrangement of
metallic conductors (elements), electrically
IJSCRS (2016) 15–21 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 15
International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Data Mining Techniques Used for Rainfall Prediction – A Review
Survey
Dhiraj Kumar, Neetu Sharma Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ganga Institute of Technology and Management,
Kablana, Jhajjar, Haryana, India
Abstract Rainfall is considered as one of the real segments of the hydrological procedure; it takes
critical part in assessing dry season and flooding occasions. Thusly, it is vital to have a
precise model for rainfall prediction. As of late, a few data driven demonstrating approaches
have been explored to perform such forecasting as multilayer perceptron neural systems
(MLP-NN). Actually, the rainfall time series modeling (SARIMA) includes essential temporal
measurements. Keeping in mind the end goal to assess the earnings of both models, factual
parameters were utilized to make the examination between the two models. These parameters
incorporate the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Coefficient
Of Correlation (CC) and BIAS. Two-Third of the information was utilized for preparing the
model and 33% for testing.
Keywords: big data mining, Hadoop, map reduce, security
INTRODUCTION
Characteristics and measure of rainfall are
not effectively known until it happens. As
rainfall assumes a pivotal part in
assessment and administration of drought
and flood occasions, it is essential to have
the capacity to estimate rainfall.
Agribusiness is the prevalent occupation in
India, representing around 52% of
livelihood and the service division makes
up a further 34% and industrial segment
around 14%.[1–4]
Agrarian and associated
divisions represented around 60% of the
aggregate workforce.
Most of the sub-mainland relies on upon
the rainfall for the agriculture needs. The
rainfall information is accessible for the
data mining systems which can be helpful
for foreseeing the rainfall which can be
extremely valuable for taking choices over
crop planting in the territories.
Learning of regular rainfall, ahead of time,
aides in legitimate agricultural planning.
The country is, fundamentally, reliant on
the sensibly exact expectation of the
aggregate sum of rainfall from the earliest
starting point of June to the end of
September e.g., if there should be an
occurrence of a possible underneath
normal rainfall circumstance satisfactory
courses of action could be made for the
obtainment, transport, and appropriation of
sustenance grains.
Data Mining goes for finding learning out
of information and displaying it in a
structure that is effortlessly compressible
to people. It is a procedure that is produced
to look at a lot of information routinely
gathered. Data mining is most valuable in
an exploratory investigation situation in
which there are no foreordained ideas
about what will constitute an "intriguing"
IJSCRS (2016) 22–29 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 22
International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Glacier and Lake Areas and Snowlines Over Past Two Decades:
Status of Alaknanda Basin
Asha Thapliyal1, Sradha
1, Archana
1, Anju Panwar
2, Komal
3, Rakesh Joon
3*
1Uttarakhand Space Application Centre, Uttarakhand, India
2Doon University, Uttarakhand, India
3Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ganga Institute of Technology and Management, Kablana,
Jhajjar, Haryana, India
Abstract
We use satellite remote sensing and a DEM to determine the snowline altitude of the
Alaknanda basin. One hundred and six glaciers were monitored, indicating that the
Alaknanda basin has decreased in area by 58% over the period 1990-2014. It is observed
that snowline altitude is generally higher during 2010/11 than 2012/13 and 2013/14. The
lowest snowline altitudes were observed to be 3335 m a.s.l. in March 2011 and 3300 m a.s.l.
in February of 2014. Our detailed data on glacial and lake areas over 30 years provide an
important spatiotemporal assessment of climate variability in this area. These data can be
integrated into further studies to analyse inter-annual glacial and lake area changes and
assess hydrological dependence and consequences for downstream populations.
Keywords: accumulation, climate, snow
INTRODUCTION
Glacier changes are excellent indicators of
climate change, as small climatic
variations can produce rapid changes. The
Himalayan region has permanent
snowfields, and in winter most high
altitude regions experience snowfall.
During summer, snowmelt is the major
runoff for many rivers originating from the
Himalaya, including those that are key
elements of agricultural systems of South
Asia (Kumar and others, 2005). Changes
in glacier melt amount and patterns, along
with other changes in high-altitude
hydrology, will affect agriculture
production across the region. Many
Himalayan glaciers are retreating faster
than the global average[1-4]
and are
thinning by 0.3-1 m a-1
.[5-8]
The rate of retreat for the Gangotri Glacier
over the past three decades has been more
than three times the rate during the
preceding 200 years. In the central
Himalayas, glacial melt associated with
climate change has led to the formation of
glacial lakes in open areas behind exposed
end moraines, causing great concern.
Due to rapid recession of glaciers, a
number of catastrophic effects such as
glacial lake outburst floods (WWF, 2005;
Mool and others, 2007)[9-12]
and water
scarcity in the upper Himalayan rivers
have been reported (Kulkarni and others,
2002; 2007). Mapping and monitoring of
seasonal snow cover and snowline is a
challenging task in the Himalaya, and
remote sensing has emerged as a useful
technique for this work.[13,14]
STUDY AREA
The glaciated area in the Alaknanda Basin
extends from 30º 15’ N to 31º 04’ N
IJSCRS (2016) 30–32 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 30
International Journal of Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
A Review on Web Services
Rahul Saraf
Essel Vidyut Vitaran, pvt. Ltd. Sagar, India
E-mail: [email protected]
INTRODUCTION
A Web service is an amenity presented by
an electronic device to an additional
electronic device, interactive with every
other via the World Wide Web. In a Web
service, Web skill such as the HTTP, in the
beginning intended for human-to-machine
communication, is applied for machine-to-
machine communication, added specially
for moving machine readable file formats
such as XML and JSON. In run through,
the Web service characteristically offers an
object-oriented Web-based edge to a
database server, make use of, for instance
by additional Web server, or by a mobile
use, that affords a user interface to the end
user. A new general use offered to the end
user might be a mashup, wherever a Web
server ingests numerous Web services at
dissimilar machineries and accumulates
the contented into one user interface.[1-3]
WEB API
Fig. 1. Web Services in a Service-Oriented Architecture.
A Web API is an expansion in Web
services everywhere prominence has been
affecting to unassuming figurative state
transfer (REST) grounded
communications. RESTful APIs do not
necessitate XML-based Web service
protocols (SOAP and WSDL) to
sustenance their boundaries. (Figure 1)[4]
CATEGORIES OF WEB SERVICES
We can categorise two main modules of
Web services:
REST-compliant Web services, in
which the principal determination of
the provision is to operate depictions
of Web resources by means of an
unchanging regular of stateless
processes.
Arbitrary Web services, which are the
facility that might uncover a random
set of operations.[5]
International Journal of
Satellite Communication & Remote Sensing
Jan – Jun 2016 IJSCRS
www.journalspub.com
Mechanical Engineering
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