AnnouncementsDr. Gerald UrquhartDeveloped LBS 126

Internet and World Wide WebWhich came first - Internet or WWW?

The InternetInternet is a network of interconnected computers that is now globalInternet born in 1969 - called ARPANET1969 ARPANET was connection of computers at UCLA, Stanford, UCSB, Univ. of Utah

State of computers?What was the state of computers in the late 1960s and early 1970s?

Computers late 60s & 70sNo Personal Computers all large mainframe computers in late 60sMid 1970s initial personal computersAltair: Box with blinking lightsLate 1970s Apple 2, first usable PC

Personal Computing?Just a box with blinking lightsNot where Networking/ Internet was being developed

Internet - 1970s1972 - Telnet developed as a way to connect to remote computer1972 Email introduced1977 - U. Wisconsin has first large Email system - 100 users1973 - ARPANET goes international1973 - File Transfer Protocol (FTP) established

State of computers?What was the state of computers in the early 1980s?

Computers 1980s1981 IBM PC1984 Apple Macintosh1986 Modem becomes option on PCs

Internet - 1980s1984 - Domain Name Server introducedallows naming of hosts, no longer numeric1986 - NSFNET created in 1990, becomes backbone of modern Internet when ARPANET is decommissionedCompletely privatized by 199556 K interconnection initially, increased rapidly

Internet TimelineBarry M. Leiner, Vinton G. Cerf, David D. Clark, Robert E. Kahn, Leonard Kleinrock, Daniel C. Lynch, Jon Postel, Larry G. Roberts, Stephen Wolff. A Brief History of the Internet. Internet Society. http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml

NSF Net

Internet 1990s1991 - Tim Berners-Lee releases World Wide Web!TBL is computer programmer at CERN, a physics lab in Europe (new book Weaving the Web by TBL)1993 - Mosaic (becomes Netscape) designed by graduate students at University of Illinoisfirst point-and-click browserlater developed into Netscape NavigatorThese are the two most significant events in the formation of the WWW

Internet 1990s1991 - Tim Berners-Lee releases World Wide Web!TBL is computer programmer at CERN, a physics lab in Europe (book Weaving the Web by TBL)1993 - Mosaic (becomes Netscape) designed by graduate students at University of Illinoisfirst point-and-click browserlater developed into Netscape NavigatorThese are the two most significant events in the formation of the WWW

World Wide WebVia Internet, computers can contact each otherPublic files on computers can be read by remote user usually HyperText Markup Language (.html) URL - Universal Resource Locator - is name of file on a remote computerhttp://www.msu.edu/~urquhar5/tour/active.html

HTTPWorld Wide Web uses HTTP Servers, better known as web serverReceive HTTP type request and send requested file in packets

Web BrowsersMosaic (1993) was first point-and-click browserWeb browsers are the software we use to view web pagesNetscape Navigator and Internet Explorer are most popularNetscape Navigator was original, but Microsoft leveraged IE on market

State of computers?What was the state of computers in the early to mid 1990s?

Computer History 1990sWindows 95 GUI made computing easier for PC-bound massesWindows 95 + Internet (AOL, others) Huge increase in number of home PCsComputer on every desk in workplace

Universal Resource Locatorhttp://www.msu.edu/~urquhar5/tour/active.htmlwww.msu.eduDomain Name - name of remote computerhttp://identifies type of transfer/~urquhar5/tour/active.htmlFile Location on Remote Computer

21st Century File SharingInternet allowed sharing of simple informationFTP was initial file sharing system, but a bit hard to useWWW advanced type of info allowed, but not designed for file-sharingNapster, KaZaA, Morpheus and LimeWire are file-sharing.

NapsterNapster was a music sharing communityUsed a central server to catalog who had whatThis central server violated music industrys copyrightsNapster now screens transfers to see if they are copyrighted material

Peer to PeerPeer to Peer (P2P) file sharingLimeWire is good oneKaZaA is faster and more advancedKazaa Lite is preferred by manyMorpheus is modified KaZaA for Music City Network really messed up these daysEach person has a node that advertises his or her filesSupernodes compile lists of what nodes have

Collapse of the Information EconomyHuge economic growth in late 1990s was due to prospecting on up-and-coming Internet companiesMost were never profitableAmazon.com just posted its first Annual Profit (2003) since going public in 1997!Major Internet Backbone Providers (Worldcom, Global Crossing) are struggling

What is WWW?Via Internet, computers can contact each otherPublic files on computers can be read by remote user usually HyperText Markup Language (.html) HTTP - HyperText Transfer ProtocolURL - Universal Resource Locator - is name of file on a remote computerhttp://www.msu.edu/~urquhar5/tour/active.html

How to make a web pageDefine the two basic steps required in making a web page.

Two Basic StepsCreate an HTML FileUpload file to serverSaving to P: drive eliminates this step

.htmlWeb documents are text files with .html extensionThese text files have HTML tags in them

HTML TagsEach opening HTML tag has a closing HTML tag that matches it. for begin paragraph is followed by for end paragraph goes at beginning of paragraph goes at end of paragraph

Example of TagsHere is the paragraph about somethingHere is the second paragraphWhat it will look like:Here is the paragraph about something.Here is the second paragraph.

Essential HTML Tags begins HTML document begins body of documentHeres a header in big typeHeres a paragraph ends body ends HTML document

Browser Output of PageIf you opened that page in Netscape Navigator, it would look like this:http://www.msu.edu/course/lbs/126/lectures/viewsource.html

Heres a header in big typeHeres a paragraph

View Page SourceUsing View Page Source allows you to see the HTML behind a pageWhen we get into advanced HTML pages, this can be really important for learning how someone did somethinghttp://puffin.bird.audubon.org/

File Transfer ProtocolFTP Program (also called FTP client) used to transfer files from your computer to your public web directory housed on the MSU computers

WS_FTP LE is a good, free FTP program

In MSU Labs, can directly save stuff in your AFS space, on the P: drive, in the web directory

Your personal web spaceHttp://www.msu.edu/~pilotname/index.html

Three steps:Make your pilot web space public (in advanced features)Create a file named index.htmlUse FTP to transfer a file named index.html into your web directory

Netscape ComposerNetscape Composer allows WYSIWYG (what-you-see-is-what-you-get) editing of web pagesControls similar to Microsoft word font formatting, colors, etc.

Macromedia DreamweaverExcellent Site Building ToolAllows organization of files, ftp, and WYSIWYG editing all-in-one

Microsoft Front PageAll-in-One program like DreamweaverUses proprietary tags that cant be read by some browsers (Netscape)Uses non-standard HTML, style sheets, etc