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Information TechnologyInformation Technology

Topic:

Internet

Group Members:

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OverviewOverview

What is INTERNET ? Introduction

Evolution of the Internet

How Internet Works ? Internet & its New Mantra

Advantages & disadvantages

Conclusion

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What is INTERNET ?What is INTERNET ?

The Internet is a global system of interconnectedcomputer networks. Acomputer that connects tothe Internet can access information from a vastnumber ofserves and other computers.

It is a hardware and software infrastructurethat provides connectivitybetween computers.

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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONy Internet has andis revolutionizing our society, our

economy andour technological systems. Nooneknows for certainhowfar, or in what direction, theInternet will evolve.

y Internet has made this world a global village.

y TheInternet, as anintegrating force, has meldedthe technologyofcommunications andcomputingtoprovideinstant connectivity and globalinformation services to all its users at very lowcost.

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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONy Estimated that about 60 millionhost computers.

y

By theendofthe year 2008, there willbe at least1.5billionInternet users.

y the total numbers ofhost computers andusershavebeen growing at about 33% every sixmonths

since 1988 or roughly 80% per year.

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Evolution of the InternetEvolution of the Internety Moderncomputer networking technologies

emergedin theearly 1970s.

y In 1969, The U.S. Defense Advanced ResearchProjects Agency (variouslycalled ARPA andDARPA), an agency within the Department of

Defense, commissioned a wide-area computernetworkcalled the ARPANET.

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At that time, theARPANET wasessentially theonlyrealistic wide-areacomputer network

inexistence. Theprogram

was led at DARPAby Larry Roberts.

Thepacketswitches werebuiltby Bolt Beranekand Newman

(BBN), a DARPAcontractor.

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y Others directlyinvolvedin the ARPANET activityincluded the authors, Len Kleinrock, Frank Heart,

Howard Frank, Steve Crocker, Jon Postel andmanyothers in the ARPA researchcommunity.

y In theearly 1970s, ARPAbegan toexplore twoalternative applications ofpacket switching technology

basedon theuseofsynchronous satellites (SATNET)and ground-basedpacket radio (PRNET).

y The strategy that hadbeen adoptedfor SATNEToriginally was toembed the SATNET softwareinto anARPANETpacket switch, andinter work the twonetworks throughmemory-to-memory transfers withinthepacket switch.

Evolution of the InternetEvolution of the Internet

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ARPA Research

Community

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y TheTCP/IP protocol suite was developed andrefinedover a periodoffour more years and, in

1980

y It was adopted as a standardby the U.S.Department ofDefense.

y On January 1, 1983 the ARPANETconverted toTCP/IP as its standardhost protocol.

Evolution of the InternetEvolution of the Internet

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y Gateways (or routers) wereused topass packets toandfromhost computers on local area networks.

Refinement andextensionoftheseprotocols andmanyothers associated with themcontinues to thisdayby wayoftheInternet Engineering Task Force.

Evolution of the InternetEvolution of the Internet

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y Interconnecting computers is aninherentlydigitalproblem.

y Computers process andexchangedigitalinformation, meaning that theyuse a discretemathematical binary or two-valued languageof

1s and 0s.y For communicationpurposes, suchinformationis

mappedintocontinuous electrical or opticalwaveforms.

y Theuseofdigital signaling allows accurateregeneration and reliable recoveryoftheunderlyingbits.

How Internet Works ?How Internet Works ?

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How Internet Works ?How Internet Works ?

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y For digital communications, packet switching is abetterchoice,becauseit is farbetter suited to the typically

"burst" communication styleofcomputers.y Computers that communicate typically sendoutbrief

but intensebursts ofdata, and then remain silent for awhilebefore sending out thenext burst. Thesebursts

arecommunicated as packets, which are verymuch likeelectronicpostcards.

y Thepostcards, in realitypackets, are relayedfromcomputer tocomputer until they reach their

destination.y Together these routers and thecommunication links

between themform theunderpinnings oftheInternet.

How Internet Works ?How Internet Works ?

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In this modern world ofours there is very less time

for every one and thesuccess and money alldepend on the time and itscommonly said TIME ISMONEY.

And the easiestway and nowadays practiceis to save time hope on toyour computer seat andjust logon andyouwill findany thing and every thinghere.

Internet & its New MantraInternet & its New Mantra

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y Jobopportunities

y Consultancies

y Newmarkets

y Existing andnewproducts (buyers and suppliers)

y Marketing solutions

y Researchesy Cultures

y Art & crafts

y Entertainment (all sorts)

y Education

y Travels

y Stocks

Internet & its New MantraInternet & its New Mantra

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y Communication: Theforemost target ofinternethas always been the

communication. By theadvent ofcomputers Internet,our earthhas reduced andhasattained theformofa global

village

.y Information:

Informationis probably thebiggest advantageinternet

is offering. TheInternet isa virtual treasure troveofinformation. Any kindofinformationon any topicis

availableon theInternet.

Advantages of InternetAdvantages of Internet

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y Entertainment:Entertainment is anotherpopular reason whymany

peopleprefer to surftheInternet. Downloading games,Music, Movies, News andmorecanbefound and sharedon theInternet.

y Services: Many servicesarenowprovidedon theinternet such as onlinebanking, job seeking,

purchasing tickets for yourfavoritemovies, guidanceservices on arrayoftopicsengulfing theevery aspect of

life, andhotel reservations.

Advantages of InternetAdvantages of Internet

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y Theft of Personal

information: IfyouusetheInternet, youmaybe

facing gravedanger as yourpersonal information such asname, address, credit cardnumber etc. canbe accessedbyother culprits tomake yourproblems worse.

y Spamming: Spamming

refers to sending unwantede-mails inbulk, whichprovide

nopurpose andneedlesslyobstruct theentire system.Suchillegal activities canbeveryfrustrating for you.

Disad

vantages of Internet

Disad

vantages of Internet

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y Virus Threat: Virus isnothingbut a program whichdisrupts thenormal functioningofyour computer systems.

Computers attached tointernetaremoreprone to virus attacksand theycanendupintocrashing your wholeharddisk,causing youconsiderable

headache.y Pornography: This is

perhaps thebiggest threatrelated to your childrenshealthymental life. There are

thousands ofpornographic siteson theInternet that canbeeasilyfound andcanbe adetrimental factor to lettingchildrenuse theInternet.

Disad

vantages of Internet

Disad

vantages of Internet

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Internet is The Future: In thenext ten years, theInternet is expected tobeenormouslybigger thanit is today.It will bemorepervasive than theolder technologies and

penetratemorehomes than television and radioprogramming. The success oftheInternet in society as awhole will depend less on technology thanon the largereconomic and social concerns that are at theheart ofeverymajor advance. TheInternet is noexception, except that its

potential and reach areperhaps as broad as any that havecomebefore. INTERNETISTHE FUTURE.

ConclusionConclusion

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ConclusionConclusion