13-Sep-17
Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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Examples
Johan Lukkien
Internet of Things2017/2018
John Carpenter, 1982
Monitoring Energy Use
13-Sep-17
Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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July 25, 2017
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Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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January 13, 2017
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Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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Architecture: physical view
13-Sep-17
Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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USB
802.3(ethernet)
802.11 (wifi)
to internet
router
transformer
access point
smartmeter
raspberry PI
Architecture: components deployed to devices
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Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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transformersmartmeter
raspberry PI
smartmeter
T-Webserver
E-WebserverReporterRecorderDatabase
Comments• This is a fairly standard
‘3 tier’ architecture– however, with an
automated process ofdata insertion
– alternatives are obtained by different deployment choices for components
• at different locations on the internet• with significant impact on extra-functional properties
• Two ‘things’ can be seen: the raspberry and the transformer• The situation is fairly static: only clients change• The data can be used to analyze processes in my home: vertical
analytics. For learning general things, multiple homes must be monitored: horizontal analytics
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Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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Sports app
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Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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CES 2015 @ Las Vegas
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Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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• Greatest CE show ever – 3600 exhibitors and 2.2M SqFt
• ‘Calm innovation’– Television innovation: every 3
years a doubling in #pixels/panel (2K 4K 8K)
– ‘Regular’ improvements in speed of processors, memory sizes, bits per second
• Ground-breaking, high-speed innovations: Internet of Things
– putting ICT in everything – and then connecting everything– thus combining everything
• Clouds are loading with data
Music is about having a good time feeling your soul
(Neil Young, about the high-res audio player ‘Pono’)
Consumer Electronics is the way people get to use these new technologies
(Stephen Diamond, keynote at ICCE, talking about next generation networked computing platforms)
Short cycle
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sensor
sensor
sensor
Computation/ Fusion
Actuation &feedback
User APP, user device
Short cycles with memory
13-Sep-17
Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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sensor
sensor
sensor
Computation/ Fusion
Actuation &feedback
User APP, user device
LocalStorage
Long cycle
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Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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sensor
sensor
sensor
Computation/ Fusion
Actuation &feedback
User APP, user device
GlobalStorage
sens
or
sens
or
sens
or
data of multiple users value: knowledge
and $$ for service providers
User APP, user
device Other applications
What about M2M?IoT• System
– is platform: concurrent applications at endpoints
– open, extensible• Protocol
– IP (+ higher) to endpoints– … on top of low resource networks
• Applications– use standard IP protocols– developed separately
• Management– IP management protocols– explicit, requires interfaces
M2M• System
– … is the application– application-specific devices– closed
• Protocol– standardized, for low-resource
networks• Applications
– classes– developed and optimized
along with the entire system• Management
– explicit, built into protocols
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Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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IoT• Install devices with data generation
services• Combine all sources of information
on the subject, shedding light on the entire situation
– including stress causes
M2M• Install devices and applications for
the purpose of the application– typically, including the precise flow
of control inside the system• Accordingly, collect data, process,
and give a stress level output
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Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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Example: activity monitoring for stress analysisExample and pictures from: From M2M to the IoT, J.Holler et al., Academic Press 2014
What makes up the IoT?• ‘Things’ are constrained devices. Constraints pertain to
– memory: static background (flash) and dynamic (RAM)– processing power: #instructions / second– available energy– accessibility, uptime (duty cycling)
• ‘Things’ are connected into constrained networks (typically deriving from node constraints). Network constraints pertain to– low bitrate– duty cycle limits [may not use network more than x%]– high packet loss, and variability – asymmetric links– small packet size– limited group communication primitives
• But then, united with ‘regular’ Internet services and fast networks
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These ‘regular’ Internet Services…• Deal with large amounts of data
– storage• storage clouds
– transport towards storage and delivery (e.g. media, data-applications)
• Content Delivery Networks• Software Defined Networking• Network Function Virtualization
• Support processing– data analysis
• cloud processing– applications must run somewhere
• coordination platform• compute services
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Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking
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J. Gubbi et al., Internet of Things (IoT): A vision, architectural elements and future directions, Future Generation Computer Systems, 29(2013), p1645-1660.
In summary• IoT stands for the vision of the Internet of tomorrow
– extending network communication to billions of endpoints– reaching into the physical world, gathering incredible amounts of
detailed information about states and events • (processes, objects, people, environment)
– expanding processing and storage capacities to analyze such data– enhancing coordination and algorithms to use this knowledge as soon
as possible in feedback cycles and new applications– thus connecting the physical and the Internet worlds
– simplifying and standardizing – commoditizing – the corresponding technologies
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