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Internship Report

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i did my internship in PTCL telecommunication in pakistan, and this is part of my internship to submit the report which mainly covers all the areas that i covered during this period..hope someone of you really need this...
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Page | 1 "In the name of ALLAH, most Gracious, most of ALLAH, most Gracious, most Compassionate". In the name of ALLAH, most Gracious, most Compassionate PTCL (Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited)
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"In the name of ALLAH, most Gracious, most of ALLAH, most Gracious, most Compassionate".

In the name of ALLAH, most Gracious, most Compassionate

INTERNSHIP REPORT ON PTCL

Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited

PREPARED BYAli Raza AbbassFA10-BET-035Department of Electrical & telecommunication SESSION 2010-2015

PREFACE

AcknowledgmentOverview of organization Introduction Brief history Current situation Main offices Technical & operational network Current PTCL network Technical and operational mile stones

Services of PTCL 21-22 Services for customers Value added services Services for corporate customers

Financial analysis 23 Activity ratio Competitors & subsidiaries 24

Subsidiaries 25-27 Ufone Multi Media Broad Band

Competitors 28-29 Mobilink Telenor Warid

Brief on my internship work 30-41 Switching Transmissions

PREFACE

This report is the practical part of the most vital practice of our Engineering program. The sole objective is to familiarize the student with the practical manipulation of businessorganization. This report has been written to know how big organizations like PTCL manage their teams to achieve their common goals.In the first phase of the report there is the general introductionabout the company and then different terms have been explained, then the mission, values,different services and different strategies of the organization have been explained.In the next part, SWOT analysis of the firm have been done by the help of which it is identified that what are the strong areas of the company and where it lacks so that it can improve, and then in the end most important my experience while working in the PTCL as internee is explained.

Author

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of Almighty Allah who is most merciful, and who give me strength to write this internship report in a different way.

I extend my heartiest thanks to my seniors, colleagues, and subordinates who assist me onEvery occasion to enable me to write this report.My parents, classmates, friends come next in the list of those whom I have to thank.

I pay special homage to the following persons.

Mr. Akthar (Switching) Mr. Atif (Transmissions)

PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED(PTCL)

Established on January 1, 1996Head Office: - Pakistan Telecommunication Company LimitedG-8/4, Islamabad

INTRODUCTIONEven years into a new century, the telecom sector of world finds itself at crossroads after changing itself almost beyond recognition over the last 25 years. Privatization and competition are the order of the day, with a majority ofcountries having adopted these policies to advance their telecom sector. The results have been impressive; the industry has grown at unprecedented pace. Although therehas been a phenomenal growth in Pakistan, especially in the cellular mobile communication and in the internet, yet the late density remains almost stagnant.So far PTCL is the sole land line service provider of Pakistan. PTCL is the giant of Pakistan telecommunication industry and enjoying the monopoly. This part of the report contains a brief introduction of PTCL. This introduction is divided into two parts,1. History 2. Current situation

BRIEF HISTORYOver the years, technology has changed the concept of communication and what was thought to be a fictional only a decade ago, has actually made its way through to ourhands today. This is the future we dreamt of so fondly. Welcome to the modern age, of telecommunication, which have become complementary to our lives. But there must also be an anchor to introduce, allow, improve and channelize all these services andinnovations sweeping through the globe. In Pakistan same anchor is Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited from the humble beginnings of posts & Telegraph Department in 1947 and establishment of Pakistan Telephone & Telegraph Department in 1962, to this very day, PTCL is a story of commitment and vision.Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation (PTC) set sails for its voyage of glory In December 1990, taking over operations and functions from Pakistan Telephone and Telegraph Department under Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation Act 1991. Thiscoincided with the Governments competitive Policy, encouraging Private Sector participation and resulting in award of licenses for Cellular, card-operated Payphones,paging and, lately, data communication Services. Pursuing a progressive policy, the Government in 1991, announced its Plans to privatize PTC, and in 1994 issued six million vouchers exchangeable into 600 million shares of the would-be PTCL in two separate placements. Each had a par value of Rs.10 per share. These vouchers were converted into PTCL Shares in mid 1996.In 1995, Pakistan Telecommunication (Reorganization) Ordinance Formed the basis for PTCL monopoly over basic telephony in the country. It also paved the way for the establishment of an independent regulatory regime. The Provisions of the Ordinance were lent permanence in October 1996 through Pakistan Telecommunication (Reorganization) Act. The same year, Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited was formed and listed on all stock Exchanges in Pakistan. Since then, PTCL has been working vigorously to meet the dual Challenge of telecom development and socio-economic uplift of the country. This is characterized by a clearer appreciation of ongoing telecom scenario where inconvergence of technologies continuously changes the shape of the Sector. A measure of this understanding is progressive measures such as Establishment of the companys mobile and Internet subsidiaries (U-fone & Paknet) in 1998.As telecommunication monopolies head towards and imminent end, services and infrastructure providers are set to face even bigger challenges. Pakistan also entered post-monopoly era with deregulation of the sector in January 2003. On the Government level, a comprehensive liberalization policy for Telecom sector has already been announced now. Now PTA have issued License to two new telecom companies inPakistan TELENOR international and WARID TEL this act will put some challenges for PTCL to cope with.PTCL is in process of enhancing organizational and business Proficiency through vertical integration and horizontal diversification. At the same time, cross-nationalownerships, operations and partnerships are being evaluated with a view to developing and diversifying the business.

These are few historical developments of PTCL through the years

Historical Background

1947Posts & Telegraph Dept. established

1962Pakistan Telegraph & Telephone Deptt.

1990-91Pakistan Telecom CorporationALIS: 850,000Waiting list: 900,000 Expansion Program of 900,000 lines initiated(500,000 lines by Private Sector Participation400,000 lines PTC/GOP own resources).

1995About 5 % of PTC assets transferred to PTA, FAB & NTC.

1996PTCL Formed listed on all Stock Exchanges of Pakistan

1998Mobile & Internet subsidiaries established

2000Telecom Policy Finalized

2003Telecom Deregulation Policy Announced

200526 % Shares by Etisalat UAE through open bidding

CURRENT SITUATION OF ORGANIZATIONAfter having brief introduction from past end of PTCL now we move towards the current situation of the company .In this part focus will be on the: Structure of organization Technical & operational Net work Services provided by PTCL Financial front of PTCL Competitors and subsidies

Structure of organizationAn Organizational Structure clarify the roles of personnel of an Organization and to determine who has to do what task, which is responsible for what, objectives to be achieved, who is to report to whom and to remove the obstacles for performance caused by confusion and uncertainty of job assignment as well as to make easy decision- making and communication networks reflecting and supporting organization objectives.The head of Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited is called President.Then come the SEVPs (Senior Executive Vice Presidents), i.e. SEVP (Finance),SEVP (Operations), SEVP (Technical), and SEVP (Human Resource Management),SEVP (Marketing & Business Development). Then there is a chain of Executive Vice. Presidents (EVPs) like EVP (Finance Central), EVP (Marketing), EVP (HR Central),EVP (Accounts), EVP (Operation), EVP (Information Technology, Training &Research), and EVP (Revenue). All these are appointed at Pakistan Telecommunication Company, Headquarters at G-8/4, Islamabad. Apart from these EVP, there are also EVP Operation), EVP (HR) etc who are heading the other regions of PTCL in major cities country wide. Then there are Chief Engineers and General Managers at H/Qs who report to their relevant EVP. Then there are Senior Managers, Deputy Directors,Assistant Directors, Account Officers, Assistant Account Officers, Financial Analysts,Marketing Managers, Computer Programmers, and IT Specialists etc.There are also Regional Heads (General Managers) to head PTCL Regions then come the Senior Managers (Operations), Senior Engineers (Operations), Engineers to look after the telecom system of Regions. There are also Senior Managers Finance, AccountOfficers and Accountants to Handle Regional account and billing matters. Manager HR & his staff are responsible to take care of Personnel affairs at Regional Level.In non-gazetted staff there are Engineering Supervisors Operations /Switching /Power plant /Optical Fiber system/M.W Media, Account Assistants, Stenographers, Assistants,Key Punch Operators, Telecom Technicians, Upper Division Clerks, Lower Division Clerks, Line Men, Wire Men, Drivers, Exchange Cleaners, Naib Qasids and Peons etc.All the staff is recruited by the HR Department headed by SEVP HR. The HR experts are responsible for hiring & to further streamline its recruitment process.

MAIN OFFICES

The Head Office of Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited is situated in Sector G-8/4, Islamabad, which is headed by the President. Besides, it has Regional Headquarters like:

Islamabad Telecom Region, Rawalpindi Telecom Region, Hazara Telecom Region Abottabad, Northern Telecom Region-I Peshawar, Lahore Telecom Region (South), Lahore Telecom Region (North), Multan Telecom Region, Faisalabad Telecom Region Southern Telecom Region-I Hyderabad Southern Telecom Region-II Karachi Southern Telecom Region-V Sukkur Western Telecom Region Quetta. Switching network Central region Lahore.

These Regions provide Telecommunications services to the customers in their respective areas. Apart from these, PTCL has an Optical Fibre Construction Region Lahore and Optic Fibre System Islamabad, each headed by a General Manager to install, operate and look after optic fibre systems/cables.

Technical & Operational Net WorkPakistan telecommunication Corporation under the Act 1996, PakistanTelecommunication Authority (PTA) issued a license to Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited for the provision of telecom services within Pakistan to private sector and the general public as the Federal Government may determine and during the exclusivity period of the Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL)specified in above-mentioned Act. PTCL has 25 years license to provide telecom services in Pakistan with Stake in the Company with about 62% equity. PTCL has largest network and huge infrastructure for its more than 4,405,161users as on (Mar,2008).Switching TechnologyThere are 7 different kinds of switching technologies currently operational in PTCLnetwork.

Alcatel Siemens NEC Erricsson Huawi J.S telecom ZTE

With these different switching technologies PTCL is running its huge network and providing different communication facilities to its customers.

Current PTCL Network

Installed capacity5273091

Working connections4,405,161

Total exchanges2962

Telephone density per 100 population 2.9

Countries on ISD/(ISD STATION)242

Customer service centers154

Card pay phone387,490

NWD stations2092

UIA stations1898

Total length of main optical fiber link4591km

Optical fiber short haul links127.2km

Optical fiber spur links3241km

These are few basic facts about PTCL network. So taking over from posts & Telegraph Department in 1947 to now providing sate of art technology it is really big achievement.TECHNICAL AND OPERATIONAL MILE STONESPTCL is continuously improving its network. During the year 2007 PTCL installed capacity was 4940154 but now in current year the installed capacity is improved. PTCL achieved 100% digitalization in this year.Computerized Fault Management SystemThis feature of PTCL improved network & is being used to register & rectify Land Line Faults in a computerized way. This system was working in few cities but now it is available all over the Pakistan. (18)Launch Of IN PlatformTo augment the capacity and introduce additional value added services a new Intelligent Network (IN) Platform was launched in October 2003.This platform has higher capacity for prepaid calling cards and provision for introduction of new services.Optical Fiber Junction Access NetworkTo further support the launch of new services the optical fiber junction access network has been in implementation phase. This system further supports the upcoming project of PTCL WLL (wire less local loop), Broad Band Services & IPTV.This was the brief introduction of PTCL network now we move further and develop our understanding about PTCL services and offerings.SERVICES OF PTCLPakistan Telecommunication Company Limited not only Provides Conventional telephone facilities, it also offers optical fiber services to the private sector. We will briefly discuss below the product lines being offered by the PTCL. Basically PTCLdivide their services into two parts.

1. Services for consumers2. Services for corporate customers

Services for ConsumersThese services are basically for the common users (Individual/home users) those use telephone in their home/work place and they are basically non business users.a) New Telephone Connections:As mentioned earlier, PTCL is presently the only telecom company, who providedfixed-line telephony in the country. So whenever, any Private business concern or anyindividual needs a new telephone connection for provision of telephone service.b) Value Added Services:CLI (Callers Line Identification)Caller Line Identification (CLI): Calling line Identification (CLI) allow customers toidentify the caller before picking up the phone receiver. To subscribe to CLI services, acustomer needs a telephone set with display capability or a CLI device attached to the phone.Advantages: Check on obnoxious calls. Complete record of incoming / outgoing calls with time & date. User Friendly

PREPAID CALLING CARDSE-BILL PAYMENT

DIGITAL FACILITIES:PTCL offers a variety of features to digital exchange customers like:- Hotline Abbreviated Dialing. Call Waiting Dont Disturb Call Transfer on (a) Busy (b) No Reply (c) Immediate Wake up call Absent Subscriber Code Barring

SERVICES FOR CORPORATE CUSTOMERS1. Universal Access Number (UAN)2. Voice Messaging Service: (VMS)3. PTCL Messaging Plus4. Co- Location Centers5. Universal Internet Number (UIN) 1316. Virtual Private Network (VPN)7. Digital Cross Connect (DXX)8. ISDN BRI/PRI

COMPETITOR OF PTCLThere is no meager competitor of PTCL in landline but with the growth of telecommunication industry of Pakistan competition increasing specially in mobile phone sector. In total there are more then 800 million subscribers of mobile phone.There are 3 big players in mobile phone industry but 3 of them are the competitor ofPTCL:- Mobilink Telenor Warid Tel

Other players in Land Line industry:

OperatorNTCBrainLimitedWorldCallUnionCommunicationNaya Tel

Customers103,0597,37611,3473,50013,500

MobilinkMobilink is a largest mobile phone company of Pakistan. Mobilink is currently having more then 31,958,597 users base which is the 36% of total cellular industry of Pakistan.Mobilink is basically competing Ufone which is subsidiaries of PTCL.TelenorTelenor is another cell phone company it have 17,841,074 subscribers which is 20 % of total mobile industry.Warid TelWaridtel is also providing cell phone facilities in Pakistan. Waridtel having more then 15,114,678 subscribers which is 17% of Pakistan mobile industry.

NEW COMPETITORSOther than mobile & land line PTCL is facing competition in F.W.T (Fixed Wireless Telephone) product market. Below are the major competitors. Telecard 501,680 World Call 468,335This has added competition for PTCL (1,245,639) in WLL (Wireless local Loop) field.

BRIEF ON MY INTERNSHIP WORK

During my internship at PTCL I worked in fallowing department of PTCL

1. SWITCHING2. TRANSMISSION

But My most attractive one is SWITCHING.so Ive discussed here just about switching

INAP : Intelligent Network Application PartISUP : Integrated Service digital network User PartIP : Intelligent PeripheralLE : Local ExchangeSCP : Service Control PointSSP : Service Switching Point

ROLE OF AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT CONTROL STATION (SMA)

The Auxiliary Equipment Control Station (auxiliaries multiprocessor station)supports the following functions

ETA : Auxiliary Equipment Manager : Management of tone and ofauxiliary equipments,

PUPE : SS7 Protocol Handler : Processing of ITU No. 7 Protocol.

AN : V5.2 protocol processorAccording to the configuration and the traffic to be handled, one SMA can support an auxiliary equipment manager software machine (ETA), a SS7 Protocol Handler Software Machine (PUPE), or both.The SMA stations containing the ML AN are dedicaced to this ML.When the ML AN is loaded,there are at least, two SMAs with MLANThe auxiliary equipment control station contains auxiliaries of the OCB 283 exchange. These are :

frequency receivers/generators, conference circuits, V23 function, tone generators, clock management, ITU No. 7 signalling receivers/transmitters, V5.2 signalling receivers/transmitters.

ROLE OF MAIN CONTROL STATIONThe Main Control Station (SMC) supports the following functions MR (Call handler) : call processing, CC (Communication Controller) : processing of the SSP application, TR (Translator) : database, TX (Charging) : charging for communications, MQ (Message Distributor) : message distribution, GX (Matrix System Handler) : management of connections, GS (Services management) : SSP application, PC (SS7 Controller) : signalling network management.According to the configuration and the traffic to be handled, one or more of these functions may be supported by the same Main Control Station.

PURPOSE OF THE SMM MAINTENANCE MULTIPROCESSOR STATION

supervision and management of the ALCATEL 1000 E10 system, storage of system data, control station defence, supervision of communication multiplexes, man-machine communication processing, overall initialisation and reinitialisation.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The SMT 2G (PCM Trunk Control Station) carries out the following

Connection and management of 128 x 2Mbit/s PCM links, Management of exchange termination unit, Reception and transmission of signalling, Pre-processing of channel-associated signalling, Transmission of synchronising (LSR-LVR) signals to the Synchronisation and Time Base Station (STS).

Operation of Switching Matrix System

Connections are established in both branches.Selection of the active branch for a Time Slot (TS) is carried out by comparing the outgoing time slots of each branch.3 control bits permit the following functions for each branch : carrying, by Time Slot parity, from the incoming Branch Selection to the outgoing Branch Selection, setting, by matrix link, selection of the active branch, monitoring connection on request, metering of quality of transmission on request.Supervision of the unit is carried out by the connections management software machine (Matrix System Handler GX).The 5 additional bits are available for external utilisation (signalling on leased lines....).

Activation/Deactivation of VAS

Complaint Registration for Faulty Phone

Page | 1

PTCL (Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited)

CONCLUSIONS

No doubt PTCL is enjoying monopoly but the time is came when competition will force company to change its policies to become favorite telecom service provider in the market & keep its current place & customer base. The actual working substances are thehuman beings .It goes with out saying that Human resources are the most important in the organization and so does the Human Resource Department .It integrate all the activities and functions of the company like job analysis, recruitment, staffing, training, designing compensation package, employees appraisal system. Human Resource Department plays the key role in the hiring, retention, motivation and promotion of the employees .Actually it assign the specified duties to the specified persons in this age of specialization. Human Resource manager should be well versed and confident in his field. He should be humane, well natured and have go face reading capabilities .All thisensures his success.He should be of the notion victory is not everything, but the way of fighting is.


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