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Interoperability: the value of recombinant potential Lorcan Dempsey VP Research and Chief Strategist ARLIS 2004, New York, April 2004
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Interoperability:the value of recombinant potential
Lorcan Dempsey
VP Research and Chief Strategist
ARLIS 2004, New York, April 2004
Overview
• MARC
• MARC-XML, MODS, Dublin Core, Onix, IEEE LOM, VRA Core, …
• EAD, TEI, DC, MARC
• METS, SCORM, DIDL, …
• DDI, FGDC, ...
• MARC AMC, EAD, DC, RSLP, …
• RDF, OWL, SKOS, …
• NCIP, ISO-ILL, …
• OAI, RSS, ATOM, …
• OAIS, METS, OCLC/RLG, …
• Z39.50, SRW/U, Xquery, …
• SOAP, WSDL, UDDI, REST, …
• GIF, TIFF, PNG, JPEG, …
• XML, XSLT, …
• DDC, LCSH, LCC, TGN, AAT, …
• PURL, DOI, ISTC, URN, Info-URI, …
• XRML,ODRL,..
• GIF, TIFF, PNG, JPEG, …
Interoperability as recombinant potential• Can I
– navigate across several databases by subject, by name, by place, by resource type, by educational level?
– add a document to a repository?– add a repository to a distributed query?– fuse metadata from one database with another?– assemble these resources into a learning package?– embed an interactive service in my exhibition, my reading list, my
campus portal?– ingest a content package into an archive? – take a content package out of an archive in 10 years time?– cite a document in a repository?– bring resources into my own workspace?
• With– as little custom work as possible– as little precoordinated agreement as possible
Interoperability is an economic issue
• Extract maximum value from investment in – Data (metadata and content)– Services
• By ensuring that they are – Sharable– Reusable– Recombinable
Interoperability is an economic issue
• Allow users focus on productive use of learning and research resources rather than on the messy mechanics of interaction.
• Allow resource managers develop routine approaches.
Licensed collections
New aggregations
Virtual reference
user environmentsresource environment
Library serviceLibrary serviceenvironmentenvironmentLibrary serviceLibrary serviceenvironmentenvironment
Institutional repository
Digitized collections
E-reserveCatalog
Personal collections
exhibitions
PDAs
learning management systems
campus portal
course materialtext book
new scholarly resources
readinglists
Simple descriptive metadata
‘Element set’
Information model
Encoding
Values
Application profile
FRBRINDECSCIDOC
MARCDCVRA CoreMODS
AACR2LCSH…Names
XMLISO2709RDF
Sim
ple
Desc
rip
tionItemCollections
Dublin Core
RSLP
OAI set record
TEI
VRA Core
ONIX MARC 8
CSDGM
Item metadataCollection levelmetadata
More simple
Less simple
A ‘portal’ example
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
I need a few
references
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
authenticationauthentication
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Directory: user profileDirectory: user profile
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Query brokerQuery broker
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Directory: service description
Directory: service description
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Content: results listContent: results list
I’d like to get this book.
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Request brokerRequest broker
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Directory: ILL policyDirectory: ILL policy
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Directory: service descriptionDirectory: service description
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Content: circ/ILL systemContent: circ/ILL system
I need this article too.
Application architecture
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Request brokerRequest broker
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
openURL resolveropenURL resolver
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Directory: local knowledge baseDirectory: local knowledge base
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Directory: service descriptionDirectory: service description
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
Content: articleContent: article
Directory: ILL policy
Directory: ILL policy
Common services
Content services
Application services
Presentation services
AuthenticationAuthentication
Directory: user profile
Directory: user profile
Query brokerQuery broker
Directory: service description
Directory: service description
Reference dbReference db
Request brokerRequest broker
Circ/ILL systemCirc/ILL systemOpenURL resolverOpenURL resolver
Directory: local knowledge base
Directory: local knowledge base
Article dbArticle db
Some important areas
• Item metadata– MARC– DC– IEEE-LOM– VRA-core– MODS
• Content packages– SCORM– METS– MPEG 21 DIDL
• Hierarchical description– EAD
• Text markup– TEI
Some important areas
• Sharing data– OAI– RSS
• Identifiers
• Query– Z39.50– SRW/U
• Reference linking– OpenURL
• Controlled vocabs– Topics– Names– Places
An institutional perspective
• High acronymic density a source of bewilderment
• Makers and takers
• State of the art keeps receding over the horizon
• Does balkanization leads to sub-optimal approaches?
