By

- Varsha D

- Raju K

- Mahesh V

*

*ISM is one of the Interactive Management methods which

assist research groups in dealing with complex issues.

*It is a well known methodology for identifying and

summarizing relationships among specific elements,

which define an issue or a problem, and provide a

means by which order can be imposed on the complexity

of such elements

ISM- Raj Kabade

*It helps to identify structure within a system of related

elements and provide the opportunity to analyze it from

several viewpoints

* ISM transforms unclear, poorly articulated mental models of a

system into visible well defined, hierarchal models.

ISM- Raj Kabade

*

ISM- Raj Kabade

Identification of variables Identification of the elements that are

relevant to the problem or issue

ISM- Raj Kabade

Identification of variables

Establish contextual

relationships between variables From the elements identified in the

first step, establishing the contextual

relationship among them

- It represents which element leads or

follows

ISM- Raj Kabade

Identification of variables

Establish contextual

relationships between variables

Develop Structural Self

Interaction Matrix (SSIM)It indicates a pair-wise relationship

between sources

ISM- Raj Kabade

Identification of variables

Establish contextual

relationships between variables

Develop Structural Self

Interaction Matrix (SSIM)

Develop a reachability matrix

The SSIM format is transformed in the

format of the reachability matrix by

transforming the information in each

entry of the SSIM into ‘1s’ and ‘0s’ in

the reachability matrix.

ISM- Raj Kabade

Identification of variables

Establish contextual

relationships between variables

Develop Structural Self

Interaction Matrix (SSIM)

Develop a reachability matrix

Partition the reachability matrix

into different levels

ISM- Raj Kabade

Identification of variables

Establish contextual

relationships between variables

Develop Structural Self

Interaction Matrix (SSIM)

Develop digraph

Develop a reachability matrix

Partition the reachability matrix

into different levels

ISM- Raj Kabade

Identification of variables

Establish contextual

relationships between variables

Develop Structural Self

Interaction Matrix (SSIM)

Develop digraph

Represents relationships among

Variables in framework

Develop a reachability matrix

Partition the reachability matrix

into different levels

ISM- Raj Kabade

*

* Leadership(v1)

* Co-ordination(v2)

* Hospitality(v3)

* Promotional Activities(v4)

* No. of participants from various colleges(v5)

* Date of Event (v6)

* Resources(v7)

ISM- Raj Kabade

*

ij ji

V 1 0

A 0 1

X 1 1

o 0 0

ISM- Raj Kabade

V1 v2 v3 v4 v5 v6 v7

V1 - X V V O X V

V2 - - O V O X V

V3 - - - O A O A

V4 - - - - V A A

V5 - - - - - A X

V6 - - - - - - X

v7 - - - - - - -

ISM- Raj Kabade

V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7

V1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1

V2 1 1 0 1 0 1 1

V3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

V4 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

V5 0 0 1 0 1 0 1

V6 1 1 0 1 1 1 1

V7 0 0 1 1 1 1 1

ISM- Raj Kabade

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VARIABLES REACHABILIT

Y

ANTECEDENT INTERSECTIO

N

LEVELS

V1 V1,V2,V3,V4,

V6,V7

V1,V2,V6, V1,V2,V6

V2 V1,V2,V4,V6,

V7

V1,V2,V6, V1,V2,V6

V3 V3 V1,V3,V5,V7 V3 1

V4 V4,V5 V1,V2,V4,V6,

V7

V4

V5 V3,V5,V7 V4,V5,V6,V7 V5,V7

V6 V1,V2,V4,V5,

V6,V7

V1,V2,V6,V7 V1,V2,V6,V7

V7 V3,V4,V5,V6,

V7

V1,V2,V5,V6,

V7

V5,V6,V7

ISM- Raj Kabade

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VARIABLES REACHABILIT

Y

ANTECEDENT INTERSECTIO

N

LEVELS

V1 V1,V2,V4,V6,

V7

V1,V2,V6, V1,V2,V6

V2 V1,V2,V4,V6,

V7

V1,V2,V6, V1,V2,V6

V4 V4,V5 V1,V2,V4,V6,

V7

V4

V5 V5,V7 V4,V5,V6,V7 V5,V7 2

V6 V1,V2,V4,V5,

V6,V7

V1,V2,V6,V7 V1,V2,V6,V7

V7 V4,V5,V6,V7 V1,V2,V5,V6,

V7

V5,V6,V7

ISM- Raj Kabade

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VARIABLES REACHABILIT

Y

ANTECEDENT INTERSECTIO

N

LEVELS

V1 V1,V2,V4,V6,

V7

V1,V2,V6, V1,V2,V6

V2 V1,V2,V4,V6,

V7

V1,V2,V6, V1,V2,V6

V4 V4 V1,V2,V4,V6,

V7

V4 3

V6 V1,V2,V4,V6,

V7

V1,V2,V6,V7 V1,V2,V6,V7

V7 V4,V6,V7 V1,V2,V6,V7 V6,V7

ISM- Raj Kabade

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VARIABLES REACHABILIT

Y

ANTECEDENT INTERSECTIO

N

LEVELS

V1 V1,V2,V6,V7 V1,V2,V6, V1,V2,V6

V2 V1,V2,V6,V7 V1,V2,V6, V1,V2,V6

V6 V1,V2,V6,V7 V1,V2,V6,V7 V1,V2,V6,V7 4

V7 V6,V7 V1,V2,V6,V7 V6,V7 4

ISM- Raj Kabade

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VARIABLES REACHABILIT

Y

ANTECEDENT INTERSECTIO

N

LEVELS

V1 V1,V2 V1,V2 V1,V2 5

V2 V1,V2 V1,V2 V1,V2 5

ISM- Raj Kabade

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Leadership Coordination

Date of

EventResources

Promotional Activities

Hospitality

No. of Participants

*

ISM may be used on its own when the elements of

the issue are already known. Where this is not the

case, Nominal Group Technique may be introduced

as one step in the ISM process to assist the

participants in generating and clarifying the

elements to be structured

ISM- Raj Kabade

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ISM- Raj Kabade