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Intersections
Basic Intersections
How can you manage Visibility, Time and Space at Intersections?
Visibility:
• Scanning all four corners for signs, signals, markings, roadway features, vehicles and other road way users
Time:
• You need about 6 sec. gap to cross a typical intersection
• For maximum safety, wait for an 8 sec. gap
Space:
• You have to judge a safe gap in traffic
• The size of the gap depends on how fast the traffic is going. (faster speed, bigger gap)
Signed Intersections
Intersections in low traffic areas that have stoplights or stop signs are easy to
navigate:• Follow the signs• Stay aware of other drivers and
pedestrians• At intersections with multiple stop signs,
you must give way to the driver on the right.
T-Intersections
• The give-way-to-the-right rule does not apply at T-intersections
• The vehicle traveling on the road that ends must give way to any vehicle on the road that keeps going (unless otherwise posted)
Four-Way Intersections
Junctions with a stop sign and a sign saying 4-Way Stop, 3-Way Stop, or All-Way Stop
• Require everyone to come to a complete stop
• Than, proceed in the order of which they arrived at the intersection.
Railroad Crossings
How can you drive through a railroad crossing safely?
1. Determine when it’s safe to cross• Slow down• Look for warning lights, signals and crossing
gates• Even without any signals, look both ways and
listen as you approach• Don’t solely rely on the mechanical equipment2. Stop no closer than 15 feet when a train is
approaching. (Never try to cross while the signal lights are flashing)
3. If there are no signals present, approach with caution. If there is any doubt: Stop, Look and Listen
4. Always wait for the vehicle ahead of you to clear the tracks. Never Stop on the tracks.
5. After a train has passed, always double check to make sure no other train is coming. Especially when crossing multiple tracks.
• Always Stay Alert
• If Your vehicle stalls, Do Not Panic! Try to restart your car, if that does not work, try to roll it off the tracks.
Roundabouts (Traffic Circles)
Follow these rules for navigating a roundabout safely
1. Slow down as you approach the traffic circle
2. If other vehicles are in the roundabout, yield to traffic until there is enough room for you to merge into the circle
3. Go in the direction of traffic and exit where you like
Complex Intersections
An intersection where two major roadways cross paths. Generally containing 5-6
lanes in each traveling direction.• Usually more traffic = More collisions• Crashes may be side impact, rear-end or
involving pedestrians• Elderly people generally have more
problems navigating at complex intersections
• Usually have designated right and left turn lanes
Interchanges
Where a major highway crosses another road.
Through Lanes – Allow drivers to continue through an interchange
Speed-change Lanes – Alongside the main travel lanes allowing vehicles to reduce speed to exit or increase speed to enter traffic
Ramps – Move vehicles from one road to another
Diamond Interchanges
Lower traffic with out special constraints
Cloverleaf Interchanges• Freeway to Freeway or Freeway to Busy streets
• Non stop full access between two busy roads
Trumpet Interchanges
Ends one freeway at another (similar to a T-intersection)