CHINA IN 1911 CHINAS NATIONALIST MOVEMENT MOVED THEM FROM A
MONARCHY AN OLIGARCHY(rule by a small committee) 1917 CHINA
DECLARED WAR ON GERMAY HOPING TO REGAIN GERMAN COLONIES IN CHINA,
THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES GAVE THE LAND TO JAPAN JAPAN HAD INVADED
GERMAN TERRITORIES IN CHINA DURING THE WAR AND WERE REWARD FOR
IT
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Slide 4
CHINA MAY 4, 1919 THOUSANDS OF CHINESE STUDENTS PROTESTED THE
NATIONALIST GOVERNMENT FOR NOT DEMANDING RECOGNITION; THIS WAS KNOW
AS THE MAY 4 TH MOVEMENT AS A RESULT IN 1921, THE COMMUNIST PARTY
FORMED, LED BY MAO ZEDONG
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Slide 6
CHINA THE NATIONALIST AND THE COMMUNIST FORMED AN ALLIANCE,
THEIR GOAL TO SUBDUE FEUDAL CHINESE WARLORDS, PUSH FOREIGN NATIONS
OUT BY 1927, THE ALLIANCE PROVED TO BE SUCCESSFUL, BUT CHIANG KAI-
SHEK WANTED TOTAL CONTROL HE TURNED ON THE COMMUNIST AND BEGAN
CHINAS CIVIL WAR
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Slide 8
CHINA MAO WAS ABLE TO ESCAPE WITH 100,000 FOLLOWERS, AT THE END
OF HIS ESCAPE ONLY 8,000 SURVIVED THE LONG MARCH AS IT WAS CALLED;
COVERED A 6,000 MILE ROUTE; IT IS A MAJOR HISTORIC EVENT OF CHINESE
COMMUNIST HISTORY THE COMMUNIST WOULD NOT RETURN UNTIL WWII
Slide 9
Slide 10
INDIA IN 1915 MOHANDAS GANDHI RETURNED TO INDIA, IN HOPES OF
BRINGING FREEDOM TO THE HINDU PEOPLE HE ENCOURAGED MEN TO FIGHT FOR
THE BRITISH DURING WWI, THINKING THEIR SACRIFICES WOULD HELP THEM
GAIN RIGHTS IN SOCIETY, THE BRITISH DID NOT CHANGE THEIR
CONTROL
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Slide 12
INDIA THIS BROUGHT POLITICAL UNREST TO INDIA, PROTEST AND
DEMOSTRATIONS AGAINST BRITISH RULE IN 1919 THE ROWLATT ACTS WERE
PASSED, IT ALLOWED BRITISH TROOPS TO DEAL HARSHLY WITH PROTESTERS
APRIL 1919, THE AMRISTAR MASSACRE HAPPENED, 400 PEACEFUL
DEMOSTRATORS WERE KILLED, 1,200 WOUNDED
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Slide 14
INDIA THE MASSACRE ENCOURAGED GANDHI MOVE FROM HELPING THE
PEASANTS PROTEST THEIR ECONOMIC PROBLEMS INTO INDIAS MOVEMENT FOR
INDEPENDENCE GANDHI CALLED ON THE PEOPLE TO NON-VIOLENT PROTEST AND
CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE(REFUSAL TO WORK, OR BUY), HIS EXAMPLE WAS MAKING
HOME SPUN AND SALT
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Slide 16
MIDDLE EAST AFTER WWI THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES ESTABLISHED THE
MANDATE SYSTEM IN THE FORMER OTTOMAN EMPIRE THIS SYSTEM DIVIDED THE
MIDDLE EAST BETWEEN THE FRENCH AND THE BRITISH, THOUGH SOME
COUNTRIES WILL GAIN INDEPENDENCE SOON, OTHERS WILL LAST UNTIL THE
1960S TREATY OF SEVRES-OTTOMANS AGREED TO GIVE UP CONTROL OF ITS
LANDS
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Slide 18
MIDDLE EAST TURKEY WAS THE CENTER OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE WITH
THE CAPITAL OF CONSTANTINOPLE KEMAL MUSTAFA FOUGHT FOR THE ALLIED
POWERS, IN 1923 FOUGHT AGAINST THEM, HE WAS DECLARED THE REPUBLIC
OF TURKEY HE BECAME KNOWN AS KEMAL ATATURK FATHER OF THE TURKS HE
SEPARATED GOVERNMENT AND RELIGION, AND PUSHED FOR MODERNIZATION OF
HIS COUNTRY
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Slide 20
PERSIA/IRAN IN 1921, RAZA KHAN OVERTHREW THE SHAH OF PERSIA,
THEN CROWNED HIMSELF KING, HE RULE BY THE NAME OF Reza Shah Pahlavi
HIS GOAL WAS TO MODERNIZE PERSIA, HE WANTED TO IMPROVE EDUCATION,
AND INDUSTRY IN 1935 HE CHANGED THE NAME OF THE COUNTRY TO
IRAN
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Slide 22
FRENCH AND BRITISH MANDATES DEMANDS AND PROMISES FROM WWI
INFLUENCED BRITAIN AND FRANCE TO DIVIDE AREAS AROUND THE EASTERN
MEDITERRANEAN ARABS ORGANIZED BY T.E. LAWRANCE AND LED BY HUSAYN
BIN ALI FOUGHT THE OTTOMANS DURING WWI, HOPING TO BE REWARD WITH
INDEPENDENCE IN THE AREA OF PALESTINE, THE BALFOUR DECLARATION
PROMISED THE JEWISH PEOPLE A HOMELAND, THE COMPLETION OF THE
ZIONIST MOVEMENT OF THE 1890S
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Slide 24
FRENCH AND BRITISH MANDATES INSTEAD THEY TOOK CONTROL OF THE
LAND, GRADUALLY THEY WOULD SECTION OFF TERRITORIES INTO COUNTRIES
IN 1921AS A REWARD, BRITAIN GAVE HUSAYNS SONS LAND TO RULE, FAISAL
RECEIVED IRAQ(BUT ENGLAND FORMED THE NATION OF KUWAIT BEFORE THEY
LEFT), AND ABDULLAH RECEIVED TRANSJORDAN(JORDAN) JEWISH PEOPLE WERE
ALLOWED TO ENTER PALESTINE TO LIVE, BUT WERE NOT GIVEN ANY SPECIFIC
POLITICAL GURANTEES
Slide 25
FAISAL ABDULLAH
Slide 26
AFRICA THE AFRICAN COUNTRIES WERE UPSET WITH ENGLAND AND FRANCE
BECAUSE: THEY DIDNT REWARD THEIR COOPERATION IN THE WAR WITH
INDEPENDENCE TRADE DECLINED WITH EUROPEANS GERMAN COLONIES WERE
REDISTRIBUTED AMOUNG THE WINNERS
Slide 27
AFRICA PAN-AFRICAN CONGRESSES- EST. IN 1919 WAS AN EFFORT BY
PEOPLE OF AFRICAN HERITAGE TO DEMAND INDEPENDENCE NORTH
AFRICA-SPECIFICALLY EGYPT DEMONSTRATED FOR INDEPENDENCE, IN 1922
ENGLAND GAVE IT TO THEM, BUT THEY RETAINED CONTROL OVER THE SUEZ
CANAL
Slide 28
GREAT DEPRESSION IN THE 1920S THE AMERICAN ECONOMY WAS BOOMING,
BUT BY THE END OF THE DECADE IT BECOMES A BUST, LEADING TO THE
GREAT DEPRESSION 5 CAUSES-SPECULATION IN STOCK MARKET; UNTRUE STOCK
VALUE; HIGH CONSUMER CREDIT; DECLINE IN SPENDING; STRUGGLING
BUSINESSES
Slide 29
GREAT DEPRESSION OCTOBER 29, 1929, BLACK TUESDAY RAPID SELLING
OF STOCKS, LITTLE OR NO BUYING INVESTORS HAD TO SHORT SELL TO TRY
AND PAY LOANS BANKS HAD NO STANDING CASH, PEOPLE DEMANDED THEIR
MONEY(RUN ON THE BANKS) INDUSTRIES BEGAN TO CLOSED
Slide 30
GREAT DEPRESSION ONCE THE MARKET CRASHED THE AMERICAN ECONOMY
SPIRALED UNEMPLOYMENT WAS HIGH, ABOUT 25% HOOVER- FELT BUSINESS
WOULD RECOVER ON ITS OWN, SO HE DID NOT EXTEND GOVERNMENT HELP
HOOVERVILLES BEGAN TO APPEAR, SHANTY TOWNS OF HOMELESS, JOBLESS
PEOPLE HOOVER PASSED THE HALEY-SMOOT ACT-IT PLACED HIGH TARIFFS ON
FOREIGN GOODS TO ENCOURAGE U.S. PRODUCTION AND PURCHASES
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Slide 32
GREAT DEPRESSION 1932 FDR(FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT) IS ELECTED
PRESIDENT HIS RESPONSE WAS CALLED THE NEW DEAL DIRECT GOVERNMENT
INTERVENTION OF THE ECONOMY, IT WAS A SERIES OF ECONOMIC PROGRAMS
TO PROVIDE JOBS, AND PUT SOME MONEY IN CIRCULATION BRITISH
ECONOMIST JOHN MAYNARD KEYNES PROMOTED THIS TYPE OF INTERVENTION
CALLED DEFICIENT SPENDING
Slide 33
Slide 34
GREAT DEPRESSION AFTER WWI THE U.S. WAS THE DOMINATE ECONOMIC
POWER, EUROPE WAS RECOVERING FROM THE WAR, GERMANY SPECIFICALLY WAS
STRUGGLING BECAUSE OF THE TERMS OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES JAPANS
ECONOMY WAS COLLAPSING BECAUSE OF THEIR DEPENDENCE OF FOREIGN
RESOURCES
Slide 35
GREAT DEPRESSION THE GREAT DEPRESSION CREATED DESPARATE MEANS
IN COUNTRIES DICTATORSHIPS WITH EXTREME VIEWS BEGAN TO GROW
ITALY-BENITO MUSSOLINI GERMANY-ADOLF HITLER JAPAN-EXTREME
MILITARISM
Slide 36
IMPERIALISM IN JAPAN MEIJI RESTORATION BEGAN A PROCESS OF RAPID
MODERNIZATION AND INDUSTRIALIZATION IN JAPAN AFTER WWI, THE ECONOMY
OF JAPAN SLOWED, THE PEOPLE SUFFERED HARDSHIPS BEING AN ISLAND
NATIONS RESOURCES WERE LIMITED, MOST HAD TO BE IMPORTED, CREATING A
DEPENDENCE ON FOREIGN SUPPLIES FORCING THEM TO EXPAND TO SECURE
THEIR OWN RESOURCES
Slide 37
IMPERIALISM IN JAPAN BECAUSE OF THE SLOW DOWN IN THE ECONOMY
THE MILITARY LEADERS BEGAN TO TAKE CONTROL, MAKING THE MILITARY A
RESPECTED ENTITY OF SOCIETY ULTIMATE VICTORY FOR THE PEOPLE AND THE
ARMY SURRENDER, DEFEAT, AND RETREAT WERE NO LONGER PART OF THE
JAPANESE VOCABULARY
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Slide 39
IMPERIALISM IN JAPAN MANCHURIAN INCIDENT-JAPANESE MILITARY
ACTING INDEPENDENT OF THE GOVERNMENT CONQUERED MANCHURIA IN
NORTHEAST CHINA(COAL/IRON) THEN CREATED A PUPPET GOVERNMENT OF
CHINESE OFFICIALS, BUT UNDER JAPANESE MILITARY CONTROL
Slide 40
IMPERIALISM IN JAPAN JAPAN AND GERMANY BEGAN TO FORM AN
ALLIANCE THROUGH THE ANTI-COMINTERN PACT-THEY AGREED TO STOP THE
SPREAD OF COMMUNISM(RUSSIA AND CHINA) 2 ND SINO-JAPANESE WAR(1937),
JAPAN BEGAN TO SPREAD INFLUENCE INTO EAST-CENTRAL CHINA, CONFLICT
WOULD BE ABSORBED INTO WWII, AND END IN 1945 ONE EVENT OF THE
CONFLICT WAS THE RAPE OF NANJING OVER 100K CHINESE WERE MASSACRED
BY THE JAPANESE, MOST WERE CIVILANS
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Slide 42
Slide 43
DICTATORS RULERS THAT GOVERN WITH ABSOLUTE POWER 3 TRAITS OF A
TOTALITARION GOVERNMENT POLITICALLY: SINGLE PARTY CONTROL, STATE
MORE IMPORTANT SOCIALLY: CONTROLS DAILY LIFE, USE OF SECRET POLICE
TO TERRORIZE ECONOMICALLY: DIRECT GOVERNMENT CONTROL
Slide 44
DICTATORS FASCISM IN ITALY BEGAN TO GROW IN 1919 IT IS AN
AUTHORITARIAN GOVERNMENT THAT PLACES THE GOOD OF THE NATION ABOVE
THE NEEDS AND RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE 1922 MUSSOLINIS MARCH ON ROME,
FORCE THE KING TO NAME MUSSOLINI HEAD OF STATE ETHOPIA-ITALY
INVADES, TO CONNECT COLONIES, PROVE THEIR MILITARY, THE WORLD
REFUSED TO DO ANYTHING
Slide 45
Slide 46
DICTATORS STALIN TAKES POWER IN 1924 HE WORKED TO INCREASE
STATE POWER OVER SOCIETY 5 YEAR PLAN-INDUSTRY AND MINES PLACED ON
QUOTAS, CENTRAL PLANNING OF THE ECONOMY COLLECTIVIZATION-COMBINED
SMALL FARMS INTO LARGE ONES FOR HIGHER OUTPUT FARMERS RESISTED,
THOUSANDS WERE EXECUTED, OTHER SENT TO GULAG-LABOR CAMPS IN SIBERIA
WHERE MOST DIED TO HARSH CONDITIONS OF FORCED LABOR AND CLIMATE THE
GREAT PURGE ELIMINATED WHO HE THOUGHT WERE ENEMIES INSIDE THE
GOVERNMENT
Slide 47
Slide 48
DICTATORS WIEMAR REPUBLIC WAS THE GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHED BY THE
TREATY OF VERSAILLES, UNPOPULAR BECAUSE THE PEOPLE FELT THEY GAVE
IN A THE PEACE CONFERENCE HITLER JOINED THE NAZI(NATIONAL SOCIALIST
PARTY) AFTER WWI, HE TOO OPPOSED THE REPUBLIC, IN 1923 ATTEMPTED TO
OVERTHROW THE GOVERNMENT(ARRESTED) WILL IN PRISON HE WROTE MEIN
KAMPF (MY STRUGGLE)-DESRIPTION OF HIS POLITICAL GOALS, EXTREME
NATIONALISM, RACISM
Slide 49
DICTATORS TO GAIN POWER HE HAD HIS ENFORCERS THE BROWN SHIRTS
INTIMIDATE OPPOSITION, NAZI PROPAGANDA, MIND CONTROL(HITLER YOUTH)
HIS GOAL WAS TO BUILD THE 3 RD RIECH(3 RD GERMAN EMPIRE) MASSIVE
MILITARY BUILD UP, REGAIN LOST LANDS, PURGE SOCIETY OF IMPURE
PEOPLE
Slide 50
Slide 51
DICTATORS PART OF THAT PLAN WAS ANTI- SEMITISM, HOSTILITIES
TOWARD THE JEWS AN ATTITUDE THAT EXISTED IN EUROPE AS A WHOLE
NUREMBERG LAWS-LEGAL SEPARATION OF JEWS, DENYING THEIR CITIZENSHIP,
CIVIL RIGHTS, LIMITED JOB OPPORTUNITIES(1935)
Slide 52
DICTATORS KRISTALLNACHT-NIGHT OF BROKEN GLASS NOV. 9-10, 1938
IT ENCOURAGED ATTACKS ON JEWISH COMMUNITIES ACROSS GERMANY 100 JEWS
WERE KILLED, MANY INJURED, THOUSANDS OF JEWISH BUSINESSES AND
SYNAGOGUES WERE DAMAGED OF DESTROYED