INTRA BODY COMMUNICATION FOR HUMAN AREA NETWORKING

By Anusha S SharmaUSN: 1RN12EC016

Academic Guide:Praveen S.PAsst. Professor,RNSIT

INTRODUCTION Intra-body communication (IBC) is a data

transmission method to transmit data using the human body as a transmission channel.

The idea is driven from the vision of a cable free secure data transmission system.

Currently, data transmissions are performed over wired or wireless networks.

Drawback of the wired network: Routing of the cable.

Drawback of the wireless network: Packet collision and security risk.

INTRODUCTION IBC is a new short range non-RF wireless

communication technique specified by the IEEE 802.15.6 using the human body as a transmission medium.

Mobile devices near the human body can exchange digital information by capacitive coupling with pico ampere currents.

IBC technique potentially provides a more power efficient and naturally secure short range communication method for body area networks

PROPOSED MODEL FOR INTRABODY COMMUNICATION

Hardware ModelThe hardware model consists of the following components:

A mobile device with a graphical user interface (GUI) which can perform transmission of personal data or files stored on an SD card.

A Bluetooth device for the transmission of the data between the mobile device and the hardware.

An ARM7 processor which has 2 UART ports. One port is useful for the Bluetooth to transmitter hardware and another is used for the mobile device to receiver hardware.

Hardware Model Amplifier LM358 to

amplify the signal for long range transmission.

o The input to the amplifier comes from the body in terms of mA current.

o 1M resistor is used to convert the current into equivalent voltage.

o 100k potentiometer is used for the adjustment of the reference voltage.

o LED is used for the indication of the output.

Software ModelThe software model is divided into 2 parts: Mobile side Processor side

The software model is operated in two modes - the GUI data or personal data transmission and transmission of the file which is resides in the MMC

Software ModelMobile side:o Define and create GUI elements such as edit text field,

radio button for choosing personal data or file transmission, some simple buttons for the data transmission methods i.e. only transmission, only reception or transceiver.

o Check whether the mobile device has a facility for Bluetooth by passing the MAC address of the device.

o If yes then establish the connection between mobile device and external Bluetooth device.

o Define the input output stream for the Bluetooth. Then click on the GUI element ActiveTx or DeactiveTx or ActiveRx or DeactiveRx for the data transmission.

o For the Bluetooth transmission check for the BTTransmit Active button. If it is true then check for the TxBusy if it is false then convert the data into one string with some specific format.

o If the data is a personal message then make a string starting with starting with ‘M’ or if it is a file then make a string starting with ‘F’.

o Next field in data string is the message length followed by the actual personal data or file content.

o For the Bluetooth reception check whether BTReceive Active is true or false. If it is true the start reception of the data.

o Check whether the data is personal or file by checking the first field of the received string. Then check the length of the data from the next field.

o If it is the personal data then display it on to the GUI and if it is the file then store it into the MMC.

Data flow diagram for mobile side:

1. A user fills the information in the GUI form or read the file from the MMC through the file handling system in the mobile.

2. Then the data or file is converted into packets and transmitted to the receiver controller through the body.

3. At the time of reception the receiver controller receives the data from the body.

4. The received data is decoded and if the data is information, it will be sent to the GUI and displayed.

5. If the data is file then it is given to the file handing system and stored into the MMC.

Processor side:o On the processor side, the data transmission from

external Bluetooth device to the touch pad and from touch pad to the external Bluetooth device.

o The program is written in embedded C language using Keil software.

o The mobile data will be received from UART 1 and the data is transmitted to the touch pad from UART 0.

o The data is transmitted using the serial transmission protocol shown.

Data flow diagram for processor side:

APPLICATIONS

APPLICATIONS Remote monitoring- A

HAN network in place on a patient can alert the hospital, even before they have a heart attack, through measuring changes in their vital signs.

 Easy data acquisition and display- A pulse-rate or other health monitoring function communicates via electric-field transmissions with a watch-type display unit. This allows a user to check body reactions at a glance.

APPLICATIONS User authentication for

notebook computers- An authorized computer user gains access to the PC when the smart watch with HAN capability communicates successfully with a security module in the laptop.

Door access control- An authorized person with a smart phone with HAN capability only has to approach close to the security door to initiate a data communication process that authenticates the individual and opens the door.

ADVANTAGES•Low power consumption.

•Private data can be shared instantly.

•High data rates can be achieved.

•More secure as signal starts falling as distance from transmitter or person increases.

CHALLENGES•Signal weakness

•Noise interference

•Security

•Interoperability

FUTURE ABSTRACTION A mobile phone with the above discussed

functionalities as inbuilt capabilities can be developed.

New techniques to improve data rates in low frequency ranges required.

Theoretical models to understand the body channel characteristics and constraints. Human channel modeling will be necessary while the body is in motion.

REFERENCES Chanakya Kumar , Hiren R. Italia “Intrabody

communication for human area network application”, International Conference for Convergence of Technology – 2014

Kirti Thosar, Geetha Narayanan; “Intra-body Communication using Personal Area Network”; IJIRSET -2015

www.renesas.com/edge_ol/features/08/ - Renesas Solutions for Wireless Sensor Networks―Part 2: Body Area Networks;

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_area_network

THANK YOU