Date post: | 08-Aug-2018 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | robin-sicat |
View: | 222 times |
Download: | 0 times |
of 16
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
1/16
IntracellularCationsMabalatan, Joy C.
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
2/16
Intracellular Cations
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
Iron
Hydrogen
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
3/16
Potassium
Potassium is the major intracellular cation.
Maintenance of a high intracellularpotassium concentration is essential formany cellular processes including DNAand protein synthesis, cell growth and
apoptosis, mitochondrial enzymefunction, and conservation of cell volumeand pH.
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
4/16
Potassium
Approximately 98% of the total body
potassium content is located within cells,primarily muscle, where its concentrationranges from 100-150 mEq/L.
Hyperkalemia and sometimeshypokalemia must be consideredmedical emergencies
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
5/16
Sodium Sodium is a chemical element with the symbol
Na (from Latin: natrium) and atomic number11.
It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metaland is a member of the alkali metals
Sodium is the sixth most abundant element inthe Earth's crust, and exists in numerousminerals such as feldspars, sodalite and rocksalt.
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
6/16
Sodium Sodium is an important
component in thehuman body.Controlled levels ofsodium are highlysignificant to ournervous system. It alsohelps our brain to work.
Such an impact of theelement in our brainand our nervous system
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
7/16
The human diet has a requirement of 1.5grams of sodium intake everyday. Too
much salt in the body can cause healthdysfunctions the same way that lack of itor a deficiency can cause healthproblems.
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
8/16
Sodium
Sodium chloride
Sodium Fluoride
Metallic Sodium
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
9/16
Calcium
Calcium is the chemical element withsymbol Ca and atomic number 20.
Calcium is a soft gray alkaline earthmetal, and is the fifth-most-abundantelement by mass in the Earth's crust.
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
10/16
Calcium
Calcium is essential for livingorganisms, in particular in cellphysiology, where movementof the calcium ion Ca2+ intoand out of the cytoplasmfunctions as a signal for manycellular processes.
It is a material used inmineralization of bone, teeth
and shells, calcium is the mostabundant metal by mass inmany animals.
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
11/16
Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element withthe symbol Mg and atomic number 12. Its
common oxidation number is +2. It is analkaline earth metal and the eighth mostabundant element in the Earth's crus
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
12/16
Magnesium
It play a major role inmanipulating importantbiological polyphosphatecompounds like ATP, DNA, andRNA.
Magnesium compounds areused medicinally as commonlaxatives, antacids (e.g., milk ofmagnesia), and in a number of
situations where stabilization ofabnormal nerve excitation andblood vessel spasm
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
13/16
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with thesymbol Fe (from Latin: ferrum) and atomic
number 26. It is a metal in the firsttransition series. It is the most commonelement (by mass) forming the planetEarth as a whole, forming much of Earth's
outer and inner core.
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
14/16
Iron
Iron plays an important role inbiology, forming complexeswith molecular oxygen inhemoglobin and myoglobin;these two compounds arecommon oxygen transportproteins in vertebrates. Iron isalso the metal used at theactive site of many important
redox enzymes dealing withcellular respiration andoxidation and reduction inplants and animals.
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
15/16
Hydrogen Hydrogen is a chemical element with
chemical symbol H and atomic number 1.With an atomic weight of 1.00794 u, hydrogen
is the lightest element and its monatomic form(H) is the most abundant chemical substance.
Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless,non-toxic, nonmetallic, highly combustiblediatomic gas with the molecular formula H2.
Most of the hydrogen on Earth is in moleculessuch as water and organic compoundsbecause hydrogen readily forms covalentcompounds with most non-metallic elements.
8/22/2019 Intracellular Cations.pptx
16/16
Hydrogen Hydrogen plays a particularly important role in
acidbase chemistry with many reactions
exchanging protons between solublemolecules. In ionic compounds, it can take anegative charge (an anion known as ahydride and written as H), or as a positivelycharged species H+. The latter cation iswritten as though composed of a bareproton, but in reality, hydrogen cations inionic compounds always occur as morecomplex species.