Intro Apex Code Webinar

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Apex Code An Introduction to Programming on the Force.com Platform

Pat Patterson Principal Developer Evangelist @metadaddy

Taggart Matthiesen Director of Product Management @tmatthiesensfdc


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Safe harbor statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995: This presentation may contain forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. If any such uncertainties materialize or if any of the assumptions proves incorrect, the results of salesforce.com, inc. could differ materially from the results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements we make. All statements other than statements of historical fact could be deemed forward-looking, including any projections of subscriber growth, earnings, revenues, or other financial items and any statements regarding strategies or plans of management for future operations, statements of belief, any statements concerning new, planned, or upgraded services or technology developments and customer contracts or use of our services.

The risks and uncertainties referred to above include – but are not limited to – risks associated with developing and delivering new functionality for our service, our new business model, our past operating losses, possible fluctuations in our operating results and rate of growth, interruptions or delays in our Web hosting, breach of our security measures, the immature market in which we operate, our relatively limited operating history, our ability to expand, retain, and motivate our employees and manage our growth, new releases of our service and successful customer deployment, and utilization and selling to larger enterprise customers. Further information on potential factors that could affect the financial results of salesforce.com, inc. is included in our annual report on Form 10-K filed on February 24, 2011 and in other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These documents are available on the SEC Filings section of the Investor Information section of our Web site.

Any unreleased services or features referenced in this or other press releases or public statements are not currently available and may not be delivered on time or at all. Customers who purchase our services should make the purchase decisions based upon features that are currently available. Salesforce.com, inc. assumes no obligation and does not intend to update these forward-looking statements.

Safe Harbor

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Agenda

  What is Apex Code?

  When should I use Apex, and when shouldn’t I? –  Database Triggers

–  UI Controllers

–  Web Services

  The Apex Development Lifecycle

  Resources

  Q & A

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Required/Unique Fields

Audit History Tracking

Workflows Rules & Approval Processes

Declarative Logic (point and click)

Formula-Based Logic (spreadsheet-like)

Procedural Logic (code)

Formula Fields

Data Validation Rules

Workflows Rules & Approval Processes

Apex Triggers

Apex Classes

Force.com Technologies

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What is Apex Code?

 Object-oriented programming language – Strongly typed – Compiled – Syntax similar to Java and C#

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Created for the Cloud

  Executes on the Force.com platform

  Designed for multi-tenancy –  Governor limits

  Code must have unit test coverage before going live

  Augments the Declarative (point-and-click) UI –  But doesn’t replace it!

  Can write code in the browser or the Force.com IDE –  Eclipse plug-in

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A Major Milestone

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An Apex Class public class StoreFront { DisplayMerchandise[] products;

public String message { get; set; }

public DisplayMerchandise[] getProducts() { if (products == null) { products = new DisplayMerchandise[]{}; for (Merchandise__c item : [SELECT id, name, description__c, price__c FROM Merchandise__c WHERE Total_Inventory__c > 0]) { products.add(new DisplayMerchandise(item));

} } return products; } }

Member Variable

Class Definition

Automatic Property

Instance Method

SOQL Query

List Iteration for Loop

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When to Use Apex Code

  Declarative first –  Formula fields –  Rollup summaries

–  Validation rules

–  Workflows

  Programmatic second –  Complex transactions

–  Integrations (email, web services)

–  Asynchronous processing

–  Custom controllers (custom UI & logic)

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Apex Triggers

  Triggers execute before or after database events –  insert, update, delete, undelete

  before –  Can update or validate data, or even abort event

  after –  Can create links to newly created fields, records

  Trigger code can access ‘new’ and ‘old’ record lists

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An Apex Trigger

trigger HandleProductPriceChange on Merchandise__c (after update) { List<Line_Item__c> openLineItems = [SELECT j.Unit_Price__c, j.Merchandise__r.Price__c FROM Line_Item__c j WHERE j.Invoice_Statement__r.Status__c = 'Negotiating' AND j.Merchandise__r.id IN :Trigger.new FOR UPDATE];

for (Line_Item__c li: openLineItems) { if ( li.Merchandise__r.Price__c < li.Unit_Price__c ){ li.Unit_Price__c = li.Merchandise__r.Price__c; } }

update openLineItems; }

Trigger Events

Trigger Definition

SOQL Query

Trigger Context Variable

DML Operation

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The MVC Pattern in Force.com

Model

Controller View

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An Apex Controller

  Visualforce page – the view <apex:page standardStylesheets="false" showHeader="false" sidebar="false" controller="StoreFront" > <apex:stylesheet value="{!URLFOR($Resource.styles, 'styles.css')}"/> <h1>Store Front</h1>

  Apex class – the controller public class StoreFront { public PageReference shop() { message = 'You bought: '; for (DisplayMerchandise p: products) {

if (p.count > 0) { message += p.merchandise.name + ' (' + p.count + ') '; } } return null; }

Custom Controller Reference

Action Method


Web Services in Apex Code

  Inbound –  Currently SOAP only –  Use webService keyword

–  Generate WSDL for web service consumer

  Outbound –  SOAP

•  Import WSDL, Apex stubs generated

–  HTTP •  Developer responsible for creating request, parsing response

•  Apex JSON parser available via open source project

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An Apex Web Service

global class OrderControl { webService static Boolean dispatchOrder(String invoiceNumber) { Invoice_Statement__c invoice = [SELECT Status__c FROM Invoice_Statement__c WHERE Name = :invoiceNumber FOR UPDATE];

if (invoice.Status__c == 'Dispatched') { return false; } invoice.Status__c = 'Dispatched';

update invoice;

return true; } }

Web Service

SOQL Query

DML Operation


Apex Development Lifecycle

  Develop in Developer Edition, Force.com Free Edition or a Sandbox –  Writing code in a production system is not permitted!

  Deployment from Sandbox to production requires 75% test coverage –  Implement test classes, methods

–  Use System.assert() method family to check results

–  Create test data – it will be discarded at the end of the test

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An Apex Test Class @isTest

private class TestHandleProductPriceChange { static testMethod void testPriceChange() {

Invoice_Statement__c invoice = new Invoice_Statement__c(Status__c =

'Negotiating');

insert invoice; // more setup code

products[0].price__c = 20; // raise price products[1].price__c = 5; // lower price

Test.startTest();

update products; Test.stopTest();

lineItems = [SELECT id, unit_price__c FROM Line_Item__c

WHERE id IN :lineItems]; System.assert(lineItems[0].unit_price__c == 10); // unchanged

System.assert(lineItems[1].unit_price__c == 5); // changed!!

} }

Test Method

Entire Class is Test Code Create Test

Data

Run the Test! Verify the Results

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Governor Limits

  Runtime limits protect the multi-tenant environment from runaway code

  18 limits covering database access, execution environment, callouts

  Follow best practice to get the most out of your code –  Example – batch DML operations to minimize

consumption of DML statement resource

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Get Started With All the Right Tools

Over 340,000 Developers

Developer Discussion Boards

Force.com Blog

Documentation

Tools, Code Samples and more…

Your Resource to Unleash the Power of Force.com

http://developer.force.com/ P


Build Your First Cloud-based Apps

  Force.com Workbook –  Basic Visualforce, Apex

  Chatter Workbook –  Get Started with the Collaboration

Cloud

  Visualforce Workbook –  Focus on the UI

http://developer.force.com/workbook P


  Tens of thousands of members

  62k+ posts in 2010

  Boards for Apex, Visualforce,

Chatter, Integration with

Java, .NET, Ruby, Jobs, and

more.

http://boards.developerforce.com/

Force.com Developer Discussion Forums

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Force.com MVP Program   We are recognizing individuals for

outstanding technical leadership, platform evangelism and community stewardship

  Key benefits: –  Access to feature previews, networking

opportunities, promotion to leadership roles

  Terms: –  Selection process three times/year –  MVPs will have a one year term, at which point

they are re-evaluated

  For more information, and to nominate candidates, please visit

Congratulations to March 2011 inductees!

Abhinav Gupta

  Jason Ouellette

  Jeff Douglas

  Joel Dietz

  Mike Leach

  Muhammad Imran Ahmed

  Richard Vanhook

  Tim Inman

  Wes Nolte http://developer.force.com/mvp P


Get Trained and Certified

  DEV-531 Introduction to Object Oriented Programming with Apex Code –  Minimal OOP experience

  DEV-501 Apex Code and Visualforce Page Controllers –  Experience in Java/C#

  Advanced Developer Certification

http://salesforce.com/training P

Take 15% off any DEV-531 registration. Enter promo code ACW15 when registering

and attend before May 1st, 2011.

Cannot be combined with other special offers or discounts.


Apex Code Testing and Coverage Best Practices

  Apex Testing and Coverage –  Best practices –  Tips and tricks

–  Patterns and anti-patterns

  Wed March 30 2011 –  7am and 10am PST

http://bit.ly/apex_testing P


Question & Answer Session Please submit questions via the “Questions”

window in the GoToWebinar console

Join the conversation on Twitter: @forcedotcom #forcewebinar

Fill out the webinar survey: http://bit.ly/10am_apex

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