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Slide 1
Revolution in China
and Communist China
(How does this compare with the
Russian Revolution and Stalin’s
Soviet Union)
This presentation relies heavily on a power point created by Dan
McDowell. Teaching Point, ©2003
Slide 2
Background
• Manchu / Qing Dynasty maintained limited power while other nations held major concessionsin the 20th
century.
Slide 3
QING DYNASTY FELL
• Rural & urban workers, nationalists, communists, and intellectuals protested against the government.
• The dynasty fell in 1911 and a weak provisional government took its place.
• 1911 – 1925 Chinese Republic
Slide 4
CIVIL WAR 1925-1937
• After the provisional government failed,
the NATIONALISTS led by Chiang Kai-
shek, the COMMUNISTS led by Mao
Zedong, and various WARLORDS began
a CIVIL WAR for control of China
Slide 5
Mao Zedong
• Led the army in
developing
guerilla warfare
tactics to fight the
Nationalists and
later the
Japanese
Slide 6
1937 – Japan invaded China
• Communists &
Nationalists fought
the Japanese
“separately
together”.
• Communists were
more effective in
their guerilla war
against the
Japanese.
Slide 7
Civil War Continued 1945-
1949• The West
supported the
Nationalist
Army and the
USSR sent
some support
to Mao
Slide 8
Communist Victory
1949
• the Communists
founded the People’s
Republic of China.
Slide 9
China under Communist
• Foreigners were kicked out
• Redistribution of land by the government
• Industrialization began
• Women gained power
Slide 10
Mao consolidated power
• Many who were nationalists, upper-class, or dissidents were imprisoned in forced labor camps or killed.
Slide 11
Social Class Changes
• Wealthy upper class
(including ruling
families) was
removed.
• Landowning class
was destroyed.
• Intellectuals attacked
Slide 12
Great Leap Forward 1950s-
• Mao’s government took control of all the land.
• Started “back yard industrialization”
Great Leap Forward
• The plan failed miserably – famine caused over 20 million deaths, steel production dropped drastically.
Slide 14
Both USSR and China
• Totalitarian government and leader
– TOTAL control of all the gov, econ, and
culture
– LAND collectivization /Industrialization
– Gains in industrialization/women’s status
– Millions of political “opponents”
imprisoned and/or executed
– Millions die in famines
– U.S. and its allies are enemiesSlide 16