Intro to Arduino with LilyPad
Make a MakerSpace, Artisan’s Asylum
Linz Craig, Chris Taylor, Mike Hord & Joel Bartlett
Overview of ClassGetting Started:
Installation and Applications
Electrical:
Components, Input and Output, Analog and Digital
Trouble Shooting:
Serial Communication
Additional Teaching Tools:
Giant Components and Breadboard, Free Teaching Materials
Arduino Board“Strong Friend” Created in Ivrea, Italy
in 2005 by Massimo Banzi & David Cuartielles
Open Source Hardware
Atmel Processor
Coding is accessible (C++, Processing, ModKit and MiniBloq)
The LilyPad Dev Board
Flip the Board Over
Do you see the wires that are running to the sensors, LEDs, and buttons?The microcontroller can already talk to the inputs and outputs!
Board Type
Other Board Type
Serial Port / COM Port
Analog and Digital• All Arduino signals are either Analog or
Digital • All computers including Arduino, only
understand Digital • It is important to understand the
difference between Analog and Digital signals since Analog signals require an Analog to Digital conversion
Output
Output is always Digital
To Output a Digital signal (On or Off) use this code:
digitalWrite ( pinNumber , value );
Where value is HIGH or LOW
To output a signal that pretends to be Analog use this code:
analogWrite ( pinNumber, value );
Where value is a number 0 - 255
Output
Output is always Digital
Using a Digital signal that pretends to be an Analog signal is called Pulse Width Modulation
Use Pulse Width Modulation, or P.W.M., for anything that requires a signal between HIGH and LOW
P.W.M. is available on Arduino pins # 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11
OutputOutput is always Digital, even when it’s P.W.M.
For P.W.M. the Arduino pin turns on then off very fast
P.W.M. Signal @ 25% P.W.M. Signal @ 75% P.W.M. Signal rising
0 25 50 75 1000
50
100
150
200
250
300
PWM Percentage
PW
M V
alu
e
0 25 50 75 100
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
PWM Percentage
Vo
ltag
e V
alu
e
InputInput is any signal entering an electrical system
•Both digital and analog sensors are forms of input
•Input can also take many other forms: Keyboards, a mouse, infared sensors, biometric sensors, or just plain voltage from a circuit
Analog Input• To connect an analog Input to your Arduino
use Analog Pins # 0 - 5
• To get an analog reading:
analogRead ( pinNumber );
• Analog Input varies from 0 to 1023 on an Arduino
Digital Input• To connect digital input to your Arduino use Digital
Pins # 0 – 13 (Although pins # 0 & 1 are also used for serial)
• Digital Input needs a pinMode command:
pinMode ( pinNumber, INPUT );
Make sure to use caps for INPUT
• To get a digital reading: digitalRead ( pinNumber );
• Digital Input values are only HIGH (On) or LOW (Off)
Digital Sensors
•No matter what the sensor there are only two settings: On and Off
•Signal is always either HIGH (On) or LOW (Off)
•Voltage signal for HIGH will be a little less than 5V on your Uno
•Voltage signal for LOW will be 0V on most systems
Setup, Internal Pullup Resistors
void setup ( ) { digitalWrite (12, HIGH); }
You will need to create internal pullup resistors in setup, to do so digitalWrite the pin HIGH
Serial Communication
Serial Communication is the transferring and receiving of information between two machines, the Arduino dedicates pin # 0 to receiving information and pin 1 to transferring information
Serial in Setup
Serial Monitor
Serial Communication:Serial Setup
void setup ( ) {Serial.begin ( 9600 ) ;}
In this case the number 9600 is the baud rate at which the computer and Arduino
communicate
Serial Communication:Sending a Message
void loop ( ) {Serial.print ( “Constructivism & “
) ;
Serial.println ( “Mechatronics” ) ;}
Serial Communication
Serial Communication:Serial Debugging
void loop ( ) {int xVar = 10 ;Serial.print ( “Variable xVar is “ )
;Serial.println ( xVar ) ;}
Serial Communication:Serial Troubleshooting
void loop ( ) {Serial.print ( “Digital pin 9 reads
“ ) ;Serial.println ( digitalRead
( 9 ) ) ;}
Making the World’s Worst Musical Instrument
Now for some really crappy dubstep…. If we have time.
Because, really, who has time for crappy dubstep?
MODKit: WWW.modk.itGraphical User Interface for intuitive coding of
Arduino
Developed by Ed Baafi and Collin Reisdorf
FritzingVirtual Electrical Prototyping Project
started in 2007 by the Interaction Design Lab
at the University of Applied Science Potsdam, Germany
Open Source
Prototypes: Document, Share, Teach, Manufacture
Murphy’s Law
If it can go wrong, it will… eventually.
Be ready to improvise.
Developing Instructors
They will surprise you.
Being open will lead you to some interesting places.
Have some student leaders.
Get some laughs to make people comfortable.
Other Teaching ToolsSewing:
http://www.sparkfun.com/tutorials/category/16
Processing:
http://processing.org/
Ohm’s Law Board:
http://learn.sparkfun.com/curriculum/26
Giant Breadboard and Components:
http://learn.sparkfun.com/curriculum/22,
http://learn.sparkfun.com/curriculum/23
Additional Resources:
http://learn.sparkfun.com/curriculum
http://www.arduino.cc/
Questions?
www.sparkfun.com6175 Longbow Drive, Suite 200
Boulder, Colorado 80301