Intro to Deploying and administering server virtualization with Hyper-V and System Center Virtual Machine Manager

Instructor: Abu Z.Wednesday, September 3rd, 2014.

11 a.m. – 12 p.m.

Webinar

Webinar on Deploying and administering server virtualization with Hyper-V and System Center Virtual Machine Manager

Abu ZobayerTechnology Instructor (MCT)

Webinar on Hyper-V and SCVMM

• Deploying and administering server virtualization with Hyper-V and System Center Virtual Machine Manager

• Introducing Hyper-V with server 2012 R2.• Configuring Hyper-V replica, Live migration and Network virtualization 

• Deploying SCVMM 

Server Platforms That Provide Hyper-V

• Windows Server 2012 and newer Windows Server operating systems:

• Include Hyper-V and other roles• GUI and command-line management• Licensed per processor, includes virtualization rights

• Standard edition: two virtual machines with each Windows Server operating system

• Enterprise edition: unlimited virtual machines with each Windows Server operating system

• Hyper-V Server 2012 and newer:• Includes only the Hyper-V role• Command-line management only (if managed locally)• Free, virtual machines must be licensed separately

• Windows 8 and newer Windows client 64-bit operating systems:

• Client Hyper-V, does not include server-level features such as high availability or live migration

Hyper-V and Virtual Machine Scalability

System Resource Windows Server 2012 R2

Server

Logical processors 320

Physical memory 4 TB

Virtual processors per server 2,048

Virtual machine

Virtual processors per virtual machine 64

Memory per virtual machine 1 TB

Running virtual machines per server 1,024

Virtual disk size 64 TB

Failover cluster

Nodes per failover cluster 64

Running virtual machines per cluster 8,000

Changes on the Host after Installing the Hyper-V Role

• Hyper-V is installed as A server role• Server Manager, Install-WindowsFeature, dism.exe

• Restart required after installation

• Hypervisor is added and starts automatically

• Windows Server is moved into parent partition• Hyper-V management tools• Additional services• Performance Monitor counters• Applications and Services logs• Hyper-V Administrators group• Windows Firewall rules

Overview of the Hyper-V Manager Console

Hyper-V servers

Listing of virtual

machines

Hyper-V server actions

Virtual machine actions

Overview of Hyper-V Settings

Managing Hyper-V in a Workgroup Environment

• Hyper-V host can be a workgroup member• This has no effect on virtual machines running on the Hyper-V host

• Domain membership simplifies management

• To enable remote management in a workgroup• Enable Hyper-V firewall rules (Server Core only)• Create a local user with the same username and password

• Add a local user to Hyper-V Administrators group• Grant administrative rights remotely to local users

• Connect to the Hyper-V host in Hyper-V console

• Use HVRemote to simplify configuration

What Is Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) ?

• NUMA• Enables host to scale up CPUs and memory• Partitions CPUs and memory into NUMA nodes• Allocation and latency depends on relative CPU location

• Hyper-V presents NUMA topology to virtual machines• Guest operating system can make decisions on how to use resources

• Can minimize cross-node memory access

• NUMA spanning enabled at host level• Virtual NUMA topology can be configured at virtual machine level

• By default, virtual NUMA aligns with physical NUMA

What Is Enhanced Session Mode?

• Remote Desktop over VMBus• Full Remote Desktop capabilities

• Shared clipboard• Printers, smart cards, USB devices redirection• Folder redirection

• Enabled at Hyper-V host• Guest operating system support required• Windows Server 2012 R2• Windows 8.1• Remote Desktop users

What Are Resource Pools?

• Resource pools are logical containers• Layer of abstraction between virtual machine and hardware• Virtual machine configured to use the pool• Virtual machine can use any resource from the configured pool

• Helpful when moving virtual machines• Resource pools can be used for chargeback• Different resource pool types

• Processor, Memory, Ethernet, VHD

• Resource pools configured by Windows PowerShell• Get-VMResourcePool• New-VMResourcePool -Name "Contoso Network" -ResourcePoolType Ethernet

Resource Metering in Hyper-V

• Track resources used by virtual machine or pool• Processor, disk, memory, network

• Can be used for charge back• Resource metering data follows a virtual machine

• Configure by using Windows PowerShell• Enable-VMResourceMetering, Measure-VM

• Average CPU usage• Average physical memory usage• Minimum/maximum memory usage • Maximum amount of disk space allocated to a virtual

machine• Total incoming/outgoing network traffic for a network

adapter

• Graphical reporting is not included• Basic reporting in Windows PowerShell

What Is SR-IOV?

• Requires support in network adapter• Provides Direct Memory Access to virtual

machines• Increases network throughput • Reduces network latency• Reduces CPU overhead on the Hyper-V server• Virtual machine bypasses virtual switch

• Supports Live Migration

Network I/O with SR-IOVNetwork I/O without SR-IOV

Physical NIC

Parent partition

Virtual switchRouting

VLAN Filtering

Virtual machine

Virtual NIC

SR-IOV Physical NIC

Virtual Function

VMBUS

• Even when different SR-IOV adapters are used

Overview of the Hyper-V Virtual Hard Disk Formats

• .vhd• Up to 2,048 GB in size

• .vhdx• Up to 64 TB in size• Internal log for enhanced resiliency• User defined metadata• Large disk sector support• Larger sector size (improved performance)• Default format in Windows Server 2012 R2

• Can convert between both formats• .vhdx recommended, if not used on older versions of Hyper-V

Overview of Generation 2 Virtual Machines

• Emulated devices are removed• UEFI firmware instead of BIOS

• Secure boot• Boots from SCSI controller• PXE boot uses a standard network adapter

• Faster boot and operating system installation

• Can run side by side with Generation 1• Generation 1 must be used for legacy systems

• Supported guest operating systems• Windows Server 2012 and Windows Server 2012 R2

• 64-bit versions of Windows 8 and Windows 8.1

What Are Virtual Machine Checkpoints?

• Checkpoint is a point-in-time virtual machine state• Can be taken if virtual machine is not in Paused state• Contains virtual machine configuration, memory and disk

state• Does not affect the running state of a virtual machine

• Primarily used for testing and development• Can cause issues in distributed production environment• Create differencing disk – decrease performance

• Cannot be created for directly attached disks• Used by Hyper-V Replica or in VDI deployments

Virtual Machine Moving Options

• Virtual machine and storage migration• Includes from Windows Server 2012 to Windows Server 2012 R2

• Quick migration – requires failover clustering• Live migration requires only network connectivity• Improved performance in Windows Server 2012 R2

• Hyper-V Replica• Asynchronously replicate virtual machines• Configure replication frequency and extended replication

• Exporting and Importing of a virtual machine• Exporting while virtual machine is running• Can import virtual machine without prior export

How Storage Migration Works

Hyper-V server

Virtual machine

Virtual hard disk stack1

23

45

1. Read/Write to source virtual hard disk

2. Virtual hard disk is copied to destination

3. Writes are mirrored to source and destination virtual hard disks

4. After virtual hard disk is synchronized, virtual machine switches to copied virtual hard disk

5. Source virtual hard disk is deleted

Virtual machine is running uninterrupted during the migration process

Virtual hard disk

Virtual hard disk

Overview of the Move Wizard

• Used for moving virtual machine or its storage• While virtual machine is running• Live migration or storage migration

• Alternatively, use Windows PowerShell cmdlets Move-VM or Move-VMStorage

• Storage migration is enabled by default (two at the same time)

• Live migration must be enabled before moving virtual machine

• All virtual machine data can be moved to same location

• Or you can specify location for each data item• Or you can move only virtual hard disk

• Virtual machine data items• Virtual hard disks, current configuration, checkpoints,

smart paging

• You can move only the virtual machine or also include data items

Live Migration of Non-clustered Virtual Machines

• Virtual machine data can be local or on an SMB share• Local: storage migration to move to target Hyper-V

host• SMB: leave data on the SMB 3.0 share• In both cases virtual machine is moved

• Storage migration and virtual machine move• Storage is migrated• Virtual machine memory is moved• Source storage is deleted

• Live migration speed is affected by• Virtual machine memory size and modifications• Bandwidth between source and destination Hyper-V

hosts

Live Migration of Non-clustered Virtual Machines

• Virtual machine memory is moved in iterations• Source is active and can be modifying memory• Modified memory pages are sent after initial

copy• Repeats over newly modified pages

• Final copy iteration takes less than TCP timeout

• New MAC address is send to network switches

Source Hyper-V host Destination Hyper-V host

Confi

guratio

n

Virtual machine memory

Confi

guratio

n

State

State

Virtual machine memory

Overview of the System Center 2012 Family of Products

System Center Product Usage

System Center 2012App Controller

• Self-service access for private cloud and public cloud applications

System Center 2012 Configuration Manager

• Change and configuration management

System Center 2012 Data Protection Manager (DPM)

• Data protection for application servers

System Center 2012 Endpoint Protection

• Malware protection for client systems

System Center 2012 Operations Manager

• Monitor applications, services, and devices

System Center 2012Orchestrator

• Automation of IT processes• Integration with other management solutions

System Center 2012 Service Manager

• Integrated service desk• Automation of IT processes

System Center 2012 Virtual Machine Manager

• Manage virtualized infrastructures• Build private clouds

Provisioning Server Virtualization with VMM

VMM features include:• Multihost support – Hyper-V, Citrix Xenserver,

VMware• Intelligent placement• Dynamic optimization• App-V support• Live migration• Delegated administration

• Cloud, infrastructure, and services managementEnhanced in System Center 2012 R2 VMM:

• Networking, virtual machines in the cloud environment, storage, infrastructure, and support for Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows 8.1

Determining Topology for a VMM Deployment

25

VMM Server SQL database Server

VMM Console

Library Server

WSUS Server

WDS Server

Hyper-V Host

Citrix XenServer Host

ESX Host

Vmware vCenter Server

Windows Azure

App Controller

Branch Office VMM Servers

VMM System Requirements

•Software:• Supported Operating

System:• Windows Server 2008 R2

SP1• Windows Server 2012, all

• WinRM Service, enabled & firewall ports open with listener on

• Windows PowerShell 2.0 or higher

• Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1 or higher

• Windows deployment and installation kit• VMM 2012 RTM: WAIK 7• VMM 2012 SP1 and R2 :

Windows ADK 8

•Hardware: Minimum:• CPU: P4, 2Ghz, x64• RAM: 2GB• Disk: 2GB without local SQL

Server; 80 with

•Hardware: Recommended:

• CPU: Dual P4, 2.8Ghz, x64• RAM: 4GB• Disk: 40GB without local SQL

Server; 150 with

• SQL Server VMM Database:• VMM 2012 SQL Server 2008

SP1• VMM 2012 SP1 & R2: SQL

2008 SP2 or higher

What Is Networking Infrastructure?

Virtual Machine • Virtual Network Adapter.

VM Network • Network Isolation,

Logical Network • Network Sites, IP Subnets, IP Pools, VLANs.

Logical Switches

• Extensions, Uplink port profile,. Virtual network adapter profile, port classification.

Physical Network

• Hosts Adapter, switch, gateway, network manager, load balancer.

Configuration Options for Virtual Networks

Configuring standard virtual switches:• External• Internal• Private

Configuring Logical Networking in Virtual Machine Manager

Gateway

Tenant 1 virtual machines

Public Internet

Corporate

Management

Windows Azure Pack

VMM SQL SPF

Tenant 1 Tenant 2

Tenant 2 virtual machines

Hyper-V hosts

cluster, storage

Network Overview • Traffic segregation

• Tenant isolation

Configuring Ports and Logical Switches in Virtual Machine Manager

Hyper-V host #1

Virtual switchLogical switch

Switch settings

Port profiles

Port profiles (virtual)

Management

Management

Corporate

Cluster

Logical switches enforces compliance

Hyper-V host #2

Virtual switch

Management

What Is a Service?

• A service is a set of one or more virtual machines that are deployed together and managed as a single entity

• Service:• Is deployed by an administrator or end-user• Can contain several different components• Can be deployed to a private cloud or to a host group

• Can have preinstalled roles, features and applications

• Can contain multiple virtual machines working together on an application, such as a web application

What Is a Service Template?

• Encapsulates all necessary components that are required to deploy and run a new instance of an application

• Service template considerations:• Administrator creates service template in VMM• Application owner deploys a service based on

the service template• App Controller or VMM console can be used to

deploy service based on service template

Service Template Components

Service Template

VM Template

Application profile

Hardware profile

Host profile

Guest OS profile

SQL Server profile

Service instance

Service Life Cycle Management

Create Template

Service Instanc

e

Update Templat

e

Apply

Webinar on Hyper-V and SCVMM

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Regards Abu ZobayerTechnology Instructor (MCT)ABU_TAREQ@LIVE.CO.UK

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