Intro to DT&R - Drilling Tools

8/9/2019 Intro to DT&R - Drilling Tools

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2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

Training &Development


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Drilling Tools

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2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

Course Objectives

Brief survey of drilling tools required to drill a well, focusing

mainly on B! tools su""lied by DT

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Content

Drill Bits

Basic Tubular

Stabili%er #eaming Tools

isc Tools

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B!

Bottom ole !ssembly

Drilling assembly com"onent from Drill String to t(e Bit

B! (as become more com"le) over t(e years

* ore com"le) wells being drilled

* ore com"le) tools being introduced

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B! unctions

-revent unwanted Dogleg and .ey/seats

!id in directional drilling

-roduce a smoot( bore and full si%e (ole

0m"rove bit "erformance inimi%e drilling "roblems

inimi%e (armful vibrations

inimi%e differential "ressure stic.ing

#educe "roduction "roblems

#unning casing

Basically * (el" drill wells more effectivelySlide 1


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8/64 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

Drill Bits

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Drill Bits

!t t(e bottom of t(e B!

Drills t(e well by digging,

crus(ing or s(earing t(e

formation

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Ty"es of Bits

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-DC#oller Cone Diamond 0m"reg


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Basic Tubulars

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Drill Collars

Drill collars are manufactured

from bored solid bar to "rovide

stiff (eavy walled tubular

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Drill Collars * S"ecifications

eat treated steel alloy

ade from bored solid bar * stiff (eavy walled

Connections in accordance wit( !-0 s"ecification 5

* -(os"(ate coated

* Cold rolled

* Stress relief features

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Drill Collars * S"ecifications

DC (ave 2 main function in

lower section of B!

* -rovide adequate weig(t to bit

* aintain drill "i"e in tension to

"revent buc.ling

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Drill Collar * O"tions

Sli" or elevator recessed

* #educe drill collar (andling time

S"iral OD

* S"iral feature reduce weig(t by ': ;on magnetic o"tion

* !voids magnetic interference

*


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Drill Collar * !""lications

-rovision of drilling weig(t

* =tili%e sufficient safety factor

!ssists in deviation control

* a)imi%e diameter* a)imi%e stiffness

S"iral o"tion

* #educes wall contact

* #educes ris. of stic.ing ;on magnetic o"tion

* !voids magnetic interference

*


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3D- * S"ecifications

Similar manufacture as drill "i"e wit( (eavy walled tube


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3D- * O"tions

Standard, s"iral, non/magnetic

designs

O"tional (ardmetal on tool joints

and center u"set

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3D- * !""lications

=sed in (ig( stressed transition %one between drill collars

and drill "i"e

* #educes fatigue damage in drill "i"e

* #educe t(e ris. of failure in t(e transition %one

Can be used in com"ression for weig(t on bit

* Deviated and (ori%ontal well "rofiles

* >ertical well "rofiles* #educed ris. of differential stic.ing

;eutral "oint is "ermitted to be in 3D-

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3D- * !""lications

0ncreased abrasion resistance


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3D- * !""lications

evi/3ate Drill -i"e s(ould be used in t(e crossover

area of t(e drill stem w(en t(e bending strengt( ratio

?ratio of 0@C or section modulusA between t(e drill

collars and t(e drill "i"e e)ceeds ++

evi/3ate Drill -i"e will "rovide a gradual transition

in stiffness between t(e drill collars and drill "i"e,reducing fatigue damage to t(e drill "i"e

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Drill -i"e * S"ecifications

Drill "i"e is t(e main tubular member of drill stem

* Commonly .nown as / Drill string

* Transmit rotary torque from surface

To accommodate wide range of a""lication

* Drill "i"e manufactured in variety of si%ed and materials

Drill "i"e * relatively fle)ible

*


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Drill -i"e * !natomy

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Box Tool Joint Upset Tube Pin Tool Joint


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Drill -i"e * S"ecifications

Drill -i"e Si%e

* easured by t(e non/u"set "ortion of t(e tube

* !-0 si%es 2 $@6, 2 5@6, $ , ', ' , +, + , & 1 +@6

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Drill -i"e * 3eig(t

Classified by weig(t "er foot

T(ree different weig(t terminology* ;ominal * descri"tive weig(t, refer to wall t(ic.ness, not

actual weig(t* -lain end * actual weig(t "er foot of body wit(out tool joint or

u"set* !""ro)imate * actual average weig(t of com"lete "i"e wit(

connection and u"sets, t(e value used in calculations

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Sizeinches

Wallinches

NominalWeight

lb/ft

Plain ndWeight

lb/ft

A!!ro"imate orActual Weight

lb/ft

# $ .%%& 1'.'0 1#.() 1&.()


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Drill -i"e * rade

Drill "i"e strengt( is defined by a combination of t(e "i"e

grade, weig(t, si%e and condition

rade indicates t(e minimum yield strengt( of "i"e body in

t(ousand "ounds "er square inc(

T(e most common grades used are included (ere

Tool joints attac(ed to ends of "i"e body using inertia

welding* >ary in si%e to suit a""lication

* ade from 829ES0 min yield material

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* &+

, * (+

- * 10+

S 1%+


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Stabili%er

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Stabili%ers

-rimary function to centrali%e

t(e B! during drilling

o"erations

* Control inclination ie build, (old or

dro"

* inimi%e >ibration

* inimi%e down(ole torque

* #educe damage to t(e (ole wall

*


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Stabili%ers * Ty"es

0ntegral blade ?0BA

3elded blade

Sleeve blade

D


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0B Stabili%ers

S"ecification

* Blade are integral to body

* !vailable in o"en or full wra" designs

!""lication

* =sed to assist in controlling wellbore deviation

* Su""ort and centrali%e B!

* #educe ris. of stic.ing* Can reduce vibration in B!

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3elded Blade Stabili%ers

Blades welded onto drill collar li.e tubular

Similar s"ecification and a""lication as 0B

C(ea"er

But not as durable

* C(ance of blade brea.ing off down(ole

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Sleeve Stabili%ers

2 "iece construction

* andrel

* Sleeve

Can bac. off down(ole w(en drilling in

s(oc. environment

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D


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D


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Double Diamond Combo Tool

Tandem full wra" stabili%er "laced close toget(er

Benefits

* 0deal for deviation control

2 "oint of stabili%ation ?"ac.ed assemblyA

* Combines e)tended stabili%er contact wit( reaming

ca"ability

* 0m"roves bit life and "erformance

* -rovides ability to ma)imi%e weig(t on bit ?3OBA

* >ertical Deviation Control

* #otary -ac.ed B!Slide $+


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Double Diamond Combo Tool

#esults

7+: Decrease in #eaming

+9: Decrease in #otary Torque

17: 0ncrease in Drilled Section

Deviation Controlled G $5 deg

auge 3ear +@$2 inc(

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Stabili%er -osition in B!

;ear/Bit Stabili%er features

* oot below t(e blades is very s(ort

* Bottom and to" connections are bo)

* To" connection mig(t be bored for float valve

String Stabili%er features

* Fong ?normalA foot lengt(* Bottom connection is normally "in ?bo) is o"tionalA

* Bo) connection mig(t be bored for float valve * needs s"ecial

"recautions w(en (andledHSlide $5


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#eaming Tools

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DO Sub * Drill On auge

Drill on auge

-laced directly above bit

0m"rove bit life and "erformance

#educe gauge wear on bit

#eaming ca"ability

Can be used as gauge indicator


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!dvantages 0ts s(ort body design and durable

cutting structure enable "lacement

between t(e bit and motor in

directional a""lications Suitable for directional a""lications

* Steerable motor or rotary system* 0m"roves B! sliding* #eam out (ole s"iraling* 3ill affect directional tendency if run

between t(e bit and t(e motor 0m"roves bit life and "erformance

* #educed gauge wear on bit*


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T/DO Sub

T(ru/Tubing DO Sub

0ntegral body design

=sed wit( Smit(DrilI otors

!""lications

* cement removal and clean out

* #emoval of scale buildu"


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Borro) #eamer

O"en and sealed bearing rollers

$ or 1 "oint contact o"tions

!""lication

el" maintain (ole gauge

Torque reduction #educe drillstring vibration


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Borro) #eamer

Benefits

aintain 3ell Bore auge Diameter

* 0deal for !brasive ormations and


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Borro) #eamer

ES4

#S4

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D


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D


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D


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isc Tools

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#otary Subs or Cross Over Subs

#otary Subs (ave two "rimary

a""lications

* T(ey can be used to cross over

from one connection si%e to

anot(er* Dis"osable com"onent, used to

e)tend t(e connection life of a

more e)"ensive drill stem member

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Straig(t OD Subs

Straig(t J OD Sub is used to

connect drill stem members t(at

(ave a similar outside diameter

T(e drill bit, down(ole tools,

evi/3ateI Drill -i"e and drill

"i"e can be crossed over using

a Straig(t OD Sub

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#educed Sub Section

#educed Section Sub is used to

connect drill stem members t(at

(ave different diameters t(at

warrant t(e cross/sectional

c(ange necessary toaccommodate different

connections

T(is sub would be used to cross

over large OD drilling tools or ata"ered drill collar string

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Saver Sub

Saver Sub is used to e)tend t(e

life of t(e .elly by ta.ing t(e

connection wear eac( time it is

made u" to a drill stem

com"onent T(e Saver Subconnection is sacrificed because

it can be easily re"aired or

ine)"ensively re"laced

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To" Drive Subs

To" Drive Subs serve as t(e

sacrificial element between t(e

drillstring and t(e to" drive,

reducing re"air and

maintenance costs

T(e To" Drive Sub can easily be

re"aired or re"laced in t(e event

t(e lower "in t(reads become

galled or damaged

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Fift Subs

! Fift Sub enables t(e safe,

efficient (andling of straig(t OD

tubulars suc( as drill collars,

s(oc. tools, jars, directional

equi"ment and ot(er tools byusing t(e drill "i"e elevator

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loat Subs

loat subs

* Subs mac(ined wit( a float bore

inside t(at can (ouse a float valve

loat >alves

* T(e float valve ?bac. "ressure

valveA "revent drilling fluids from

bac.flowing u" to surface

* 2 ty"es

-lunger

la""er

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= i l B l O i i S b ?=BOA


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=niversal Bottom/ole Orienting Sub ?=BOA

as an internal sleeve retained

by grub screws

Sleeve (as a .eyway to allow

survey instruments

To seat and be aligned to

toolface

a.e sure seals are in good

condition and correct Ty"e ot(erwise may was( out

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S( . S b


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S(oc. Sub

!)ial s(oc. absorber

* !bsorb t(e a)ial vibration and@or

bounce created during t(e drilling

or milling o"erations


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S(oc. Sub

T(e S(oc. Tool is designed to

isolate t(e drill string from a)ial

deflections "roduced by t(e bit

during drilling o"erations T(is

reduces im"act on t(e bit anddrill string and increases

"enetration rates by .ee"ing t(e

bit on bottom during roug(

drilling conditions

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isc Subs

Circulating Sub

* Dro" a dart or a ball o"en a circ

"ort to t(e annulus

Ket Sub

* Similar to circulating sub but (as

multi"le "orts for cleaning subsea

well(eads after riserless drilling

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T( d - t t


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T(read -rotectors

T(read "rotectors are available

in t(ree ty"es

* Cast Steel, wit( lifting bail, are

made from steel castings and are

equi""ed wit( (eavy/duty bailssuitable for "ic.ing u" and laying

down a drill collar wit( t(e catline

* -ressed Steel lig(t/duty "rotectors

are suitable for s(i""ing and

storing t(readed drill stemcom"onents only

* -lastic lig(t/duty "rotectors are

suitable for s(i""ing and storing

t(readed drill stem com"onents

only

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Drilling Tools

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T(an. you for

"artici"ating

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Intro to DT&R - Drilling Tools

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