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Intro to tax

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Introduction To Presented by Sugiharto, SH. MM GBS class 2011 on Legal Aspects of Business and TAX discussing the regulation of tax, the definitions, income tax, externalities, public cost, defense, tariff, tax subject and its objectives, NPWP, SPT
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Page 1: Intro to tax

Introduction To

Presented by Sugiharto, SH. MM GBS class 2011 on Legal Aspects of Business

and TAX discussing the regulation of tax, the

definitions, income tax, externalities, public

cost, defense, tariff, tax subject and its objectives, NPWP, SPT

Page 2: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

Page 3: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The Perspective

Externalities

An externality is the impact of one’s person

actions on the well-being bystander

If the effect on bystander is adverse, it is

called a negative externality

If it is beneficial, it’s called a positive

externality

Can cost social cost greater than private

cost. Negative externalities in production or

consumption lead markets to produce a

larger quantity than is socially desirable

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© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The Perspective

Page 5: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The Perspective

The Best Things in Life are Free’ Alam telah

menyediakannya misal, sungai-sungai, gunung dan

pegunungan, pantai, danau dan samudera

Pemerintah menyediakan yang lainnya sebagai pelengkap dan pendukung, misal,

taman bermain, pertamanan dan fasilitas umum lainnya. Pada setiap kesempatan

seseorang tidak harus mengeluarkan ongkos ketika ia memilih untuk mengambil

keuntungan untuk bersenang-senang menikmatinya

Page 6: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The Perspective

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© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The Perspective

Page 8: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

Tax gives benefits to the tax payer

Page 9: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The Benefits Principles

People should pay taxes based on the

benefits they receive from the government

services. This principle tries to make public

goods similar to private goods

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© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The Benefits Principles

Protection Facilities

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© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The Benefits Principles

National Defense

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© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The Benefits Principles

Public utility

Page 13: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The theory perspective

The taxes should be levied on a person

according to how well that person can shoulder

the burden. This principle is sometimes justified

by the claim that all citizens should make an

‘equal-sacrifice’ to support the government.

According to Adam Smith on his book ‘ An inquiry into Natural

and Causes of Wealth of Nations’

Page 14: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

ADAM SMITH

THEORY

OF

TAX

EQUALITY

CERTAINTY

CONVENIENCE

ECONOMY

The theory perspective

Page 15: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The theory perspective

Iuran kepada Negara

Berdasarkan UU

Tidak Ada Kontra

Prestasi Langsung

Alat Pembiayaan

kepada Negara

Pengertian pajak menurut Prof.

Soemitro buku Dasar Dasar Hukum

Pajak dan Pajak Pendapatan

Page 16: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The Functions

Budgeting Functions

sebagai sumber dana untuk

membiayai pengeluaran

pengeluaran negara

Page 17: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

The Functions

Regulatory Functions

sebagai alat untuk mengatur

atau melaksanakan

kebijakan negara di bidang

sosial dan ekonomi

Page 18: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

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© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

Syarat Pemungutan Pajak

Adil – syarat Keadilan

Sesuai Undang-undang 1945 pasal

23 ayat 2 (pajak hrs memberikan

keadilan bagi negara maupun

masyarakat)

Tidak mengganggu

perekonomian – syarat

ekonomis

Sederhana

Page 20: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

Kedudukan Hukum Pajak

Dasar Pemungutan Pajak

UU 1945 pasal 23 ayat 2

Bagian dari Hukum Publik

Bagian dari Hukum

Administrasi

Hukum Pajak terdiri dari:

Hukum Pajak Materiil

(Undang-Undang Pajak Penghasilan)

Hukum Pajak Formil

(Ketentuan Umum & Tata cara

Perpajakan

Page 21: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

Tata Cara Pemungutan Pajak

Pemungutan Pajak di akhir tahun

Stelsel Nyata (Riel)

Pemungutan Pajak di awal tahun

dengan berdasar pada nilai pajak

tahun sebelumnya

Stelsel Anggapan (Fictieve)

Pemungutan Pajak di awal tahun dan

disesuaikan kembali di akhir tahun

Stelsel Campuran

Page 22: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

Asas Pemungutan Pajak

Asas Domisili

Asas Sumber

Asas Kebangsaan

Page 23: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

National Tax System

NPWP

adalah No Pokok Wajib Pajak yang

berguna sebagai identitas Wajib pajak

Identitas WP, tertib dlm pembayaran dan

pengawasan pajak, untuk keperluan dgn

dokumen pajak, memenuhi kewajiban

pajak, mendapatkan pelayanan dari

instansi tertentu, dan untuk keperluan

pelaporan SPT Masa dan Tahunan

Page 24: Intro to tax

© Created by SUGIHARTO, SH.MM 2011 Legal Aspects of Business

For Reading and following my Class learn more about PPh

Pasal 21, Tax Subjects etc.


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