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Introducing stem cells
A life story…
Stem Cell – Definition
• A cell that has the ability to
Stem Cell Characteristics
• ‘Blank cells’ (unspecialized)
• Capable of dividing and renewing themselves for long periods of time
( )
• Have the potential to
Kinds of Stem CellsKinds of Stem Cells
Stem cell Stem cell typetype DescriptionDescription ExamplesExamples
TotipotentTotipotent Cells from early (1-Cells from early (1-3 days) embryos3 days) embryos
PluripotentPluripotentSome cells of Some cells of blastocyst (5 to 14 blastocyst (5 to 14 days)days)
MultipotentMultipotentFetal tissue, cord Fetal tissue, cord blood, and adult blood, and adult stem cellsstem cells
stem cell
What is a stem cell?
stem cell
SELF-RENEWAL(copying)
specialized celle.g. muscle cell, nerve cell
DIFFERENTIATION(specializing)
This cellCan form the
Embryo and placenta
This cellCan just form the
embryo
Fully mature
Kinds of Stem CellsKinds of Stem CellsEmbryonic stem cells
Embryonic germ cells • derived from the part of a human embryo or fetus
that will ultimately produce eggs or sperm ( ).
Adult stem cells • undifferentiated cells found among specialized or
differentiated cells in• appear to have a more restricted ability to produce
different cell types and to self-renew.
Pluripotent Stem Cells –
Embryonic stem (ES) cells:What they can do
embryonic stem cells
PLURIPOTENT
all possible types of specialized cells
differentiation
Embryonic Stem Cells
Mainly from IVF
Multipotent stem cells
• Multipotent stem cells –
Tissue stem cells:What they can do
MULTIPOTENT
blood stem cell
found in bone marrow
differentiation
only specialized types of blood cell:red blood cells, white blood cells,
platelets
• Skin • Fat Cells• Bone marrow• Brain• Many other organs
& tissues
Adult Stem CellsAn undifferentiated cells found among cells in a tissue or organ after birth
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cell jargon
Potency
Pluripotent
Multipotent