Introduction of KOSOVA Social Security

8/6/2019 Introduction of KOSOVA Social Security

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Presentation on Social Security ofPresentation on Social Security ofKOSOVAKOSOVA

English versionEnglish version

Edmond Murati

Regional Training on Informatisation and Normalisation of SocialSecurity Databases in South East Europe

8th - 9th FebruaryBelgrade

Participant

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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

The Kosovo Social Protection System is in a very early stage of development.At this point in time, legal infrastructure regarding social security is being

created by institutions in order to create a more comprehensive socialprotection system. Several laws have been promulgated by the Kosovo, several otherlaws are in different stages of the adaptation process.It is important however, that all legislation adopted in Kosovo is very modern,democratic and conform to main international documents and treaties.

Source : SOK

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Social protection in Kosovo is still being developed and is presently

composed of the basic pension scheme, social assistance scheme and

the personal savings scheme .

The healthcare insurance is in the process of being established.

Presently, the healthcare system is maintained by contributions from

the state budget and participation of the patients, but that will bechanged with the health law and law on health insurance that

is currently awaiting the approval of the Kosovo Assembly.

CONCEPT AND SOURCES OF SOCIAL SECURITY LAW

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THE PERSONAL SCOPE OF APPLICATIONTHE PERSONAL SCOPE OF APPLICATION

Social welfare encompasses both social services and benefits, including social assistance incash. Social services are provided by public institutions to children, families and adultswho need counseling and institutional care.

SOCIAL RISKS(CONCEPT)

Cash benefits are designed for risked to the social point of view:

The Social Assistance Scheme of Kosovo provides support to families that include

members who are: a) aged sixty-five (65) years or older;b) disabled persons; and

c) other categories of persons unable to work or are not presently working

Basic pension (old-age) scheme

Is a general non-contributory scheme funded by government. It is conceived as a flat

rate monthly tariff possible for all citizens of Kosova, and Kosovo refugees outside

Kosova, aged 65 years and more, regardless of the fact if they have used to work ornot, and regardless of the fact that they might or might not enjoy a pension from

abroad. In this sense, this is an assistance program for older ages. It is funded by the

KCB, which has been applied since mid 2002.

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Basic pension OLD AGE -

Basic pension is launched in an equivalent line to the extreme poverty(food basket), it started with 28 euros / month and it is adjusted each yearto reflect the increasing cost of living. For 2003, it was at the level of 35euros / month, while for 2004/05/06/07, at 45 euro / month. From 2008,the amount of payments has been revised, starting with the pension

scheme for former contributors to the system, who prove the workexperience of 15 years, and who have over 65 years. On the basis of anAdministrative Instruction, an additional amount of 35 euros per monthis provided to these beneficiaries, by which monthly benefit for about28,000 retired persons reaches 80 euros per month (45 euros for the basicpension + additional 35 euros).

The number of beneficiaries in the two schemes (basic pension schemeand contribution basedscheme) in the month of January 2011 was 141165 in total

Basic pension 110251

Contribution BP 30914

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Disability pension scheme

It is regulated by the relevant law, and is implemented since July 2004. This scheme is public,universal, and financed by public funds. Acceptance criteria are strong: permanent and fulldisability serves as eligibility criteria for the scheme. Disability pensions are paid to localpeople aged 18-64, according to the disability criteria or 100% work disability.

The Law on Limited Disability foresees a certain number of benefits not in money, but theseadditional benefits which must be provided by other central and local bodies, are currentlynot being implemented. The actual mount in 2011 has been increased 45 euro but in tableindex for of monthly benefits is 40 euros per month. In this scheme the situation is as

follows, and there are over 20,000 beneficiaries.

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Also in this report you can see a list of nationalities who benefit from Disability pensionMLSW

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Trepa pension scheme

Speaking of the pension schemes for Trepca workers, we mustspecify that this scheme is dedicated only to undergroundminers. It has started to function since 01/07 2003,and 4642miners across Kosova are part of the scheme. Monthly amountfor the year 2003/04 was 40 euros, while for 2005 and to date

the amount is 50 euros.

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Scheme of War invalids and relatives killed in war

This scheme was established by the Government in order to assist warinvalids and relatives of those killed during the war. Currently thereare over 11,700 people benefiting from this scheme. A characteristicof this scheme is that we have some classification of beneficiaries;invalids of war, civil war invalids and families of the martyrs,families who have missing persons, war invalids care-takers.

The amount of benefits to an individual or family may vary accordingto the disability, and the payment is 54.60 euros, which is the

minimum amount for disabled beneficiaries as civilian invalid,which depends on the percentage of disability, and a maximumamount of 351 euros,

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The benefit scheme for families that attend disables children of agesThe benefit scheme for families that attend disables children of ages

from 1from 1--18 years.18 years.

It is a new scheme that has started from the beginning of this year(2009), and it will cover a category of persons with permanentdisabilities who until now have not had care and material benefits

from the state. Beneficiaries of this scheme will be families who carefor children with limited permanent abilities aged 1-18 years

This includes several categories; blind people, physically challengedchildren, and children who can not meet their physiological needsand are in a need for 24 hour care. Monthly amount of the benefitwill be 100 euros per child. Since we are in the beginning of thisphase of the scheme, we still do not have the actual number ofbeneficiaries, but under some preliminary calculations it is expectedthat about 3000 people are to benefit from this scheme.

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Kosovo Pension Savings TrustKosovo Pension Savings Trust (Trusti) has been established in 2002 to

administer and manage mandatory (and voluntary) pensioncontributions of Kosova's employees.

Pension contributions saved by Kosovas citizens during theiremployment, are kept in individual accounts of contributors.Administeringthese individual accounts is a legal responsibility ofTrusti, while savings remain a property of account holders.Although a private property, the mandate of these savings isspecific they are to be used only for retirement.

Pension assets are invested, according to prudent investment principlesset by law. The investments are made in order to increase the valueof participants accounts, on the long run, in order to provide thebest possible pension on their retirement. Trusti investments aredone in different asset classes, markets and industries, to reduce thepossible investment risk.

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SOCIAL RISKS AND BENEFITS-general

There are cases when the benefits from one scheme do not exclude the right to

benefit from other schemes.

The table below presents two indicators of social protection expenditure,

Compared with countries of the region.

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OLD AGE

The pension system is made up of three pillar based on the system pay-as-you-go schemewith the current three pillar pension scheme:

-First pillar: Old age (basic pension) and incapacity to work means a pension paid by thepension administration to all persons habitually residing in Kosovo and who havereached pension age;

-Second pillar: Compulsory individual pension savings-Third pillar: Regulates the legal framework for supplementary voluntary pensions.

DECEASESLaw on Disability Pension is on the progress to be adopted by the

Government of Kosovo, as Compared with the ILO Convention 102, many

groups in Kosova are still without protection

in terms of social risk, and in terms of material coverage, there is still no:

protection for people with disabilities, for the short term (illness, maternity)

protection for the unemployed

family benefits

coverage for accidents at work and occupational diseases

medical care (although there is remission from payments for beneficiaries of social

welfare payments under the scheme of co-payments)

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INCAPACITY FOR WORK

Disability to work is regulated with Law No. 2003/23 of the KosovoAssembly on DisabilityPensions in Kosovo,

administered by the Kosovo Pension Administration.Disability to work characterized as short term disability to work or

long term incapacity to work. The Disability Pension only applies topersons with severe and permanent disability.

There is a set of criteria that the applicant needs to fulfill andprocedures that need to be followed in order to receive incapacitybenefits. The first condition/rule is that the injury, disease ordisability must have taken place no less than on year prior completeapplication.

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UNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT

Legal infrastructure . Labor law though adopted remainselementary, Law on the Promotion of Employmentandassistance to jobseekers s drafted in conformitywith theprinciplesand

standards of the ILO, but not enacted yet due to the financial

cost. tha

tadd

ressesb

oth the protectiona

nd

promotion ofemployment is still incomplete.The total number of unemployedregistered in 2007 increasedby 11.3% from 300,000 as estimated

in 2004. Databecomes evenmore disturbing when taking into consideration the age group,

gend

er, experience, ed

uca

tionandduration of being unemployed.

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HEALTH CARE

As a lack of the Health Insurance , Ministry of Health (MoH), as the highest healthauthority in the Republic of Kosovo is responsible for the health system which in thepublic sector is offered at three levels:

Primary Health Care, which is offered by the Main Centers of Family Medicine, whichimplement this responsibility through the Municipal Directorates for Health and SocialWelfare.

At the secondary level of care,mental health services are provided to patients and theirfamily.

Tertiary health care is implemented by the Kosova University Clinical Center with clinics,

institutes and its services, University Clinical Dental Center of Kosova, the National

Institute of Public Health, National Center , National Institute of Medicine of Labor, andCenter of

sports medicine.

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CARE

Social and Family Services includes the provision of direct social care,counseling, or, inexceptional circumstances, material assistance, for the benefit ofpeople in need.

Direct social care means the provision of help with domestic duties,personal care, mobility,communication or supervision. It can be provided in a persons ownhome, in a specialist daycentre or in a residential home.

Counseling is a systematic and programmed process of providinginformation, advice andguidance aimed at helping an individual or a family to improve theirsocial or interpersonalcircumstances.

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NEED

Person in Need is meant to the people regardless of status or place oforigin, who is in need of social services because of:

1. children without parental care2. children with antisocial behavior3. juvenile delinquency4. disordered family relationships5. advanced age6. physical illness or disability7. mental disability8. mental illness

Need is divided into to categories. The criteria for eligibility of benefitsfrom this scheme aredefined as follows:First Category Criteria

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In order for a family to be eligible for the First Category, all membersof the family should be qualified as dependent

1. Persons over 65 years of age;2. Adults with permanent disability to work;3. Guardian of the person with permanent disability to work or of a

person above 65 years of age who need full care;4. Dependent children under 15 years of age;5. Dependent children of ages 15-18 years that continue to be full-time

students;6. Single parent with children under 15 years of age and without other

adults in the family;7. The family should not own more than half (0.5 ha) hectares of land.

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Second Category CriteriaIn order for a family to be eligible for the Second Category, the family

should fulfill the following Criteria's:1. All members of the family should be unemployed;2. Every member of the family that is capable of work should register in theEmploymentBureau and get certification from this institution that he/she is capable for

work and is searching for work;3. The family should have no income4. The family should not own more than half (0.5 ha) hectares of land.The family should have at least one child under the age of 5 or should havefull custody over an orphan less than 15 years of age.Maximum monthly amount for the beneficiaries of the assistance is

determined referring to the line of extreme poverty (food basket) anddefined according to the number of family members. It should be indexedannually by the Government to reflect any changes in the cost of foodbasket.

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FINANCING SOCIAL SECURITY

All the schemes are financed by the state budget with the exception of thesecond and third pillar of the old-age pension scheme. The basic pensionand the invalidity pension are financed by the Consolidated Budget ofKosovo.The savings pension scheme and the supplementary pension scheme arecovered by equal contributions of employers and employees.Healthcare is also fully financed by the Consolidated Budget of Kosovo,but users of health services need to pay participation fees.The financing aspect for all schemes becomes important for two reasons.Budget constraints and price trends in one hand and inadequateeconomic development in other hand derives the pressure for the large

number of beneficiaries included in the schemes. These issues arenarrowing the maneuvering space of policies aimed to ensure the fiscalsustainability in one hand and to protect from the people in need.

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Edmond MuratiHead of IT- DAPKMPMS Departmenti I AdministratesPensionale Te [email protected][email protected]

044 505 979 049/40 20 10 23

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Introduction of KOSOVA Social Security

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