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Introduction of Seed Development and
Arabidopsis Embryo Development
By Bekah Charney and Thi NguyenHC70AL Spring 2006
What is the life cycle of an Arabidopsis Plant?2nAdult
Sporophyte
Meiosis
n n n nHaploid spores
Many mitosis
n Adult Gametophyte
Mitosis
n Gametes
2n Zygote
Many Mitosis
2nAdult
Sporophyte
2nAdult
Sporophyte
Meiosis
n n n nHaploid spores
Many mitosis
n Adult Gametophyte
Mitosis
n Gametes
2n Zygote
Many Mitosis
2nAdult
Sporophyte
How do seeds form during the life cycle of a plant?
Double Fertilization of cells leads to seed formation
TORPEDOGLOBULAR HEART MATURATIONEMBRYO
SAC
Embryo Development
Globular Stage
•Stage which precedes cotyledon development
•Embryo proper is spherical
•Note the suspensor
Heart Stage
•Globular embryo develops into two-lobed form
•Suspensor acts as an “umbilical cord,” providing nutrients to the embryo.
Torpedo Stage
•Cotyledons and axis grow longer
•Embryo may remain straight or become curved
Mature Embryo•Cotyledons curve and provides nutrition to plant, enough to get plant started with photosynthesis
•Suspensor disappears
•Endosperm has been used for nutrients and now is used up
Mutations that are Lethal
Lethal to ZygoteLethal to Gamete
Phenotype: live to dead seeds1:1
Genotype: AA to Aa1:1
Phenotype: live to dead seeds3:1
Genotype: AA to Aa1:2
AA
Aa
Aa
aaa
a
A
A
AA
Aa
Aa
aaa
a
A
A
Acknowledgements
• We would like to thank Ria, Jon, XingJun and Tomo for allowing us to use their Nomarski photographs and their assistance in general in helping to make to this presentation
• We would also like to thank Mike, Brandon, Jessica, the rest of the HC70AL class and Dr. Goldberg for being there for us all quarter!