Introduction

• Rice is the staple food for 60 % of

world population. In India rice is

grown on 45 million ha land.

• Rice is grown in all the states in

India. West Bengal and Uttar

Pradesh have highest production

where as Punjab have highest rice

productivity.

Standing Rice crop in the field

Climatic Requirements

• Rice is grown in various climatic conditions and it extends from as

low as at sea level to as high as 3000 meter above mean sea

level.

• Rice crop ideally belongs to hot and humid climate and best suited

to regions with high humidity, prolonged sunshine, and an assured

irrigation water.

• Temperatures: The temperature required for rice seedling growth

under nursery condition ranges from 21-370 C. Post transplantation

stages require higher temperatures.

• Photoperiod: Photo periodically rice is short day plant.

However, there are some varieties which are non sensitive to

photoperiodic conditions.

• Relative Humidity: The relative humidity during growing season

should be 85-95% to prevent excessive water loss from the

plant through transpiration.

• Season: Rice growing seasons vary in different parts of India,

depending on temperature, rainfall, and other climatic

conditions. There are three seasons for growing rice in India,

namely, Monsoon, Winter and summer .

Climatic Requirements

Crop Season Local Name Sowing timeHarvest time

Monsoon(Kharif) Aus (W.B., Bihar) May- June Sept.- Oct.

Winter (Rabi) Aman or Aghani June- July Nov.- Dec.

Summer (Spring)Dalua (Orissa)Boro (Bengal)

Nov.- Dec. March- April

Climatic Requirements

Soil Requirement

• In India rice is grown under diverse soil conditions from acidic

to alkaline soils. Soils with good water retention capacity and

with good amount of clay and organic matter are ideal for

raising rice nursery.

• Clay or clay loam soils are most suited for rice cultivation.

Such soils are capable of holding water for long time and

helps sustain crop and crop production.

• Rice is semi aquatic crop, grows best under submerged and

partially submerged conditions, rice crop is mainly grown

under low land conditions.

• Rice plant is able to tolerate wide range of soil reactions, however is

well suited to acidic soils having a pH from 5.5 and 6.5. It can be

grown on alkali soils after treatment with gypsum or pyrite.

Different types of soils used to raise rice nursery

Soil Requirement