INTRODUCTION

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• This is not a LECTURE……………this is a discussion… sadly … not live !!!

• Objective is not to bombard information but to develop concepts….

• So.. Get ready to chat !!

!!! GO SLOW !! Best luck !!!

SCIENCE OR DRUGS.

• PHARMACYPHARMACY• Science about

– Identification – Selection – Preservation– Standardization– Compounding & – Dispensing OF MEDICINAL

SUBSTANCES !!

• PHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGY• Science about

– Effect of drug on living animals, organs or tissues.

About chemistry

!!

About chemistry

fighting with biology!!

WHO DEFINITION OF “DRUG”

READ ONLY ONE LINE……THINK……NOW REMEMBER…..MAKE SURE THAT YOU REMEMBER IN RIGHT WAYNOW MOVE TO NEXT LINE…

Vaccines are also drugs !!

Conventional meaning of

drug..chemical that cures!!!

– Any substance or product…– That is used or intended to be used – To modify or explore physiological systems or– Pathological states – For the benefit of recipient.

The one that is

PRODUCED !!

It can be naturally occurring like leaves of plant..

Molecules in research are also drugs !!

Diagnostic dyes are

also drugs !!

NEED A REVISION ?

Vaccines are also drugs !!

Conventional meaning of

drug..chemical that cures!!!

– Any substance or product…– That is used or intended to be used – To modify or explore physiological systems or– Pathological states – For the benefit of recipient.

The one that is

PRODUCED !!

It can be naturally occurring like leaves of plant..

Molecules in research are also drugs !!

Diagnostic dyes are

also drugs !!

• Which means chemicals which…– Are vaccines…– Diagnostic agents administered to humans– Cures the diseases…– Relieves the symptoms

–ARE ALL DRUGS • NOW A FEW RELEVANT DEFINITIONS :

PHARMACOGNOSY

• Science of the identification of drug

To know

CLINICAL PHARMACY

• Involves cooperation of – Pharmacist with physician – In educating patient about – Complaince – And counseling him on how to take the medicine

and – Monitoring errors in drug therapy.

RELATED TO PHARMACIST &

PATIENT !!

RELATED TO DR. &

PATIENT !!

PHARMACO KINETICS

• Movement of drug.• Study of

– Absorption– Distribution – Metabolism – Excretion of drugs.

–“ What body does to the drug”

– Also known popularly as “ADME” studies.

DRUG

MOVEMENT

PHARMACO DYNAMICS

• STUDY OF THE ACTION OF THE DRUG.• Consequences of binding of drug with its

target.• Study of biological and therapeutic effects of

drugs.

• “what drug does to the body”

DYNAMO= POWER

DRUG

THERAPEUTICS

• Deals with– Cure of the disease Cure of the disease ( e.g. malaria,TB)– Relief of the symptomsRelief of the symptoms. (e.g. fever,breathlessness)

• IT INVOLVES BOTH – Pharmacological treatment Pharmacological treatment ( with drugs)– Non pharmacological treatment Non pharmacological treatment (e.g. exercise, life

style intervention, dietary modification, use of specific instrument or prosthesis for therapy)

NOW ITS TIME TO REVISE …….• WHAT IS

– Drug – Pharmacy – Pharmacology – Clinical pharmacy – Pharmacokinetics– Pharmacodynamics– Therapeutics

• Answer to yourself !!• If you don’t recollect, don’t move ahead, go back to 5th slide.

QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT

TOXICOLOGY

• Science of poisons which includes – Detection,– Measurement of poisons and – Treatment of poisoning.

QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT

CHEMOTHERAPY

• Effect of drugs upon microorganisms and parasites, living and multiplying in living organism and

• Treatment of cancers.

PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY

• It is study of uses and effects of the drugs in large number of people.

PHARMACO-ECONOMICS

• It is analysis of the cost of the drug therapy to the healthcare system and the society.

PHARMACOVIGILANCE

• Process of – Identifying and – Responding to the issues of drug safety – Through the detection of drug effects usually

adverse.

““So it’s a science of keeping a So it’s a science of keeping a watch on adverse reaction”.watch on adverse reaction”.

To keep watch !!

PHARMACOGENETICS

• Study of • Inherited (genetically mediated) differences

(variation) in • Drug metabolism and response in humans.

PHARMACOGENOMICS• Science that examines the

– Heritable variation in genes that dictate the drug response of • Humans • Microbes &• Tumors

– And explores the ways these variations can be used to predict whether a patient will have

• Good response or• Bad response or• No response

– Don’t hesitate to go for a revision if you are not comfortable !!!

PHARMACOPOEIA• Is an official code containing • A selected list of established drug and medicinal preparations • With description of their • Physical properties and tests for their

– Identity– Purity &– Potency

• Examples : – Indian pharmacopoeia (IP), – British pharmacopoeia(BP), – US pharmacopoeia (USP)– European pharmacopoeia

• ““So it’s a book describing chemical standards of So it’s a book describing chemical standards of drug”drug”

NOW A TIME TO REVISION….• What is

– Toxicology – Chemotherapy – Pharmacoepidemiology – Pharmacoeconomics – Pharmacovigilence – Pharmacogenetics– Pharmacogenomics – Pharmacopoeia

• Answer to yourself !!• If you remember completely….its excellent ………………………• If you remember the concept but can’t remember WORD TO WORD, its ok…..• If you don’t remember ………..its not as necessary as previous set !!!

• DO SEND YOUR– Comments– Queries– Grievances on…

• purohitbhargav@rediffmail.com or • +91 9725024978• Chat live on yahoo some day: purohit_bhargav. • When you send email do SEND YOUR DETAILS ( e.g. Name,Institute, your

designation (if you are a faculty) etc) and in subject line mention the topic’s name.