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Developing Windows and Web Applications using Visual Studio.NET Peter Gfader Senior Software Architect
| Date post: | 06-May-2015 |
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Developing Windows and Web Applications using Visual Studio.NET
Peter Gfader
Senior Software Architect
SSA @ SSW
Loves C# and .NET (Java not anymore)
Specializes in
Windows Forms ASP.NET TFS testing Automated tests Silverlight
Peter Gfader
Homework?
Consume a public web service
Show users where they are
Session 6: ASP. NET The course ten sessions – Overview so far
Overview of ASP.NET
An ASP.NET Page
Server Controls
User Controls
Validation
Master Pages
Themes & skins
LAB
Page Cycle Events
Menu, Navigation & Sitemaps
Some cool new ASP.NET 2 Server Controls
http://sharepoint.ssw.com.au/Training/UTSNET/
Part 1: .NET Winforms
1. Overview of .NET2. Data in Forms3. Usability - Rules to Better Windows Forms4. Deployment and Security of Windows Forms5. Web Services and Threading
The 10 SessionsFirst 5 – Done – Winforms
http://sharepoint.ssw.com.au/Training/UTSNET/
Part 2: .NET Webforms
1. Overview of .NET Webforms TODAY2. Data in Webforms3. Usability
• Rich Web Forms and • Other ASP.NET Features
4. Web Security 5. Advanced Topics & Future Technology (Silverlight)
The 10 SessionsNext 5 – To Do – Webforms
The web
HyperText Markup Language
Describes a web page
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML
HTML
<html> <head> <title>Hello HTML</title> </head> <body> <p>Hello World!</p> </body></html>
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Request – Response
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Http
HTTP
GET /index.html HTTP/1.1 Host: www.example.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 23 May 2005 22:38:34 GMT Server: Apache/1.3.3.7 (Unix) (Red-Hat/Linux) Last-Modified: Wed, 08 Jan 2003 23:11:55 GMT Content-Length: 438 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
ServerClient
TheInternet
Internet
HostingComputer
YourComputer
How a web page is shown
Request / Response
ServerClient
TheInternet
Response
HTML
Request
www.ssw.com.au
Files
IL = Intermediate Language
CLR = Runtime
.NET Overview
CLR Common Language Runtime
= Virtual machine
What Is ASP.NET?ASP.NET provides a complete environment for building, deploying, and
running .NET Web applications.
Developer Productivity
Simplified page development model Target any Web client (PC or mobile device) Modular, well-factored, extensible architecture Superior debugging and tracing support
Enhanced Performance, Scalability, and Reliability
Compiled, not interpreted Rich caching support Web farm scalable session state Automatically detects and recovers from errors
Simple Deployment and Configuration
No need to bring down Web server Deploy and upgrade running applications with XCOPY XML configuration files
1. User requests an application resource from the Web server.
2. IIS forwards the call to ASP.NET’s process
3. Application manager calls the Application domain & Processes the page.
ASP.NET Page Request
Response (HTML/js/dhtml/etc…)
PageClass
Instantiate, process and render
ASP.NET Compilation
Gen’dPageClassFile
Generate
Instantiate
Parse ASPXEngine
ASPXFile
Request
Request
Code-behindclassfile
2 Types of Projects – 1 – Web Site
Web Site Don’t use this, here for compatibility only
File > New > Web Site Each page is dynamically loaded into memory Slow on first load after deployment No need to recompile for code change
2 Types of Projects – 2 – Web Application
Web Application - Recommended
File > New > Projects, then Select Web Application Compiles all pages into one DLL Faster on first load after deployment Must recompile whole site for code change Not available in Default VS 2005, requires SP2
Response (HTML/js/dhtml/etc…)
PageClass
Instantiate, process and render
ASP.NETCompilation
Gen’dPageClassFile
Generate
Instantiate
Parse ASPXEngine
ASPXFile
Request
Request
Code-behindclassfile
Web Site
Response (HTML/js/dhtml/etc…)
PageClass
All pre compiled!
ASP.NETCompilation
Gen’dPageClassFile
Generate
Instantiate
Parse ASPXEngine
ASPXFile
Request
Request
Code-behindclassfile
Web Application
The Page
An ASP.NET Web page consists of two parts:
1. Visual elements, which include markup, server controls, and static text.
2. Programming logic for the page, which includes event handlers and other code.
ASP.NET –Page/Web Form
Things to Notice
ASP.NET – Page/Web Form
Things to Notice Page Directive
ASP.NET – Page/Web Form
Things to Notice Page Directive Server side code
ASP.NET – Page/Web Form
Things to Notice Page Directive Server side code Form
ASP.NET – Page/Web Form
Things to Notice Page Directive Server side code Form Normal HTML Structure
ASP.NET – Page/Web Form
Things to Notice Page Directive Server side code Form Normal HTML Structure Server Controls
ASP.NET – Page/Web Form
ASP.NET – Page Code Model
ASP.NET provides two models for managing the visual elements and code:
The Single-File Page Model<%@ Page Language="VB“><script runat=“server”> … </script>
The Code-Behind Page Model <%@ Page Language="VB“
CodeFile="SamplePage.aspx.vb“
Inherits="SamplePage“AutoEventWire="false" %>
A Page's Life
1. Page request
2. Start
3. Page Initialization
4. Load
5. Validation
6. Postback Event handling
7. Rendering
8. Unload
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms178472.aspx
ASP.NET – Page Life Cycle Stages (SILVER-U)
Occurs before the page life cycle begins.
When the page is requested by a user
ASP.NET determines whether the page needs to be parsed and compiled (therefore beginning the life of a page), or if a cached version of the page can be sent in response without running the page.
ASP.NET – Page Life Cycle Stages (SILVER-U) 1) Page request
Page properties set Request and Response
Determines whether the request is a postback or a new request and sets the IsPostBack property.
Sets the page's UICulture property
ASP.NET – Page Life Cycle Stages (SILVER-U) 2) Start
Controls on the page are available Each control's UniqueID property is set. Themes are applied to the page. If the current request is a postback,
the postback data has not yet been loaded and control property values have not been restored to the values from view state.
ASP.NET – Page Life Cycle Stages (SILVER-U) 3) Page Initialization
If the current request is a postback, control properties are loaded with information recovered from view state and control state.
ASP.NET – Page Life Cycle Stages (SILVER-U) 4) Page Load
The Validate method of all validator controls is called Sets the IsValid property of
Individual validator controls The page
ASP.NET – Page Life Cycle Stages (SILVER-U) 5) Page Validation
If the request is a postback, Event handlers are called
ASP.NET – Page Life Cycle Stages (SILVER-U) 6) Postback Event Handling
Before rendering, view state is saved for the page and all controls.
During the rendering phase, the page calls the Render method for each control, providing a text writer that writes its output to the OutputStream of the page's Response property.
ASP.NET – Page Life Cycle Stages (SILVER-U) 7) Page Rendering
Unload is called after the page has been: Fully rendered, Sent to the client, and Is ready to be discarded.
At this point, page properties such as Response and Request are unloaded and any cleanup is performed.
ASP.NET – Page Life Cycle Stages (SILVER-U) 8) Page Unload
1. Page request
2. Start
3. Page Initialization
4. Load
5. Validation
6. Postback Event handling
7. Rendering
8. Unload
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms178472.aspx
ASP.NET – Page Life Cycle Stages (SILVER-U)
Postback & ViewState
Click icon to add chart
ASP.NET Postbacks
A Page Postback is:
Where the client communicates back to the server,
Through the page that was originally served.
The post back is a submission of the Form element.
Click icon to add chart
ASP.NET Viewstate
Page ViewState
Allows the state of objects (serializable) to be stored in a hidden field on the page.
ViewState is transported to the client and back to the server,
Is not stored on the server or any other external source.
ViewState is used to retain the state of server-side objects between postbacks.
So program can see if values have changed
Server states
Click icon to add chart
ASP.NET States
Session State – allows the state of objects (serializable) to be stored for a single session (lifetime of the user’s browser or specific timeout)
Application State – allows the state of objects (serializable) to be stored for the application across different sessions.
Server controls
ASP.NET – Server Controls
Server controls are tags that are understood by the server.
Syntax:
<asp:control_name id="some_id" runat="server" />
Example:
<asp:Button
id="button1"
Text="Click me!"
runat="server"
OnClick="submit" />
Demo
How to create a web application
How to create a web form
Designer Features
Different Page Code models
Postbacks
Viewstate, Session State, Application State
User controls
Click icon to add chart
ASP.NET User Controls
A group of server controls that are created by the user.
Encapsulates certain functionality
Can be used on multiple pages
E.g Address User control (in your lab)
Contact User Control
ASP.NET Configuration
Click icon to add chart
ASP.NET Configuration
Web.Config
Similar to app.config in windows
Application-wide configuration
Provide application settings
In XML, so it’s easy to change
Who is the Master?
Click icon to add chart
ASP.NET 2: Master Pages
Master pages new concept in ASP.NET 2.0
Allows site developers to build master templates for their site's look and feel
Put common code shared by all the pages on the master page
A page that references a Master Page is called a Content Page.
ASP.NET 2: Master Pages
Click icon to add chart
How to define the Master page
At the page level (in the page)
<%@ Page Language="C#“ MasterPageFile="MySite.Master"
%>
At the application level (in web.config)
<pages masterPageFile="MySite.Master" />
Validation
ASP.NET: Validation
A Validation server control is used to validate the data of an input control. If the data does not pass validation, it will display an error message to the user.
Important Properties:
ControlToValidate: The ID of the control that this validator validates.
Display: Has three possible values:
Dynamic space the control uses isn’t reserved for the control Static space control uses is always reserved None control is invisible
EnableClientScript: Validation occurs on the Client’s Browser (default).
Text: Displayed when validation fails; often used to put an asterisk or an icon next to the error or for displaying the error message in a validation summary.
ASP.NET: Validation
Themes & Skins
ASP.NET 2: Themes & Skins
What is a theme?
A theme is a collection of property settings that allow you to define the look of pages and controls, and then apply the look consistently across pages in a Web application, across an entire Web application, or across all Web applications on a server.
A theme contains:
skins, cascading style sheets (CSS), images, and other resources
ASP.NET 2: Themes & Skins
What is a skin file?
A skin file has the file name extension .skin
Belongs to a certain theme
Contains property settings for individual controls
Contains settings for server controls only
ASP.NET 2: Themes & Skins
For Example:
<asp:button ID=“btnNew”
With css (before skin files were around):
<asp:button ID=“btnNew”
runat=“server”
cssclass=“blueBlackButton”/>
.blueBlackButton {
Background:lightblue;
Color:Black; }
ASP.NET 2: Themes & Skins
But with Skins, you let the skin do the design work.
In the page:
<asp:button ID=“btnNew”
runat="server" />
In the Skin file:
<asp:button runat="server"
BackColor="lightblue"
ForeColor="black" />
ASP.NET 2: Themes & Skins
So, when do we use css files?
When you need to style non-server controls, because skin files are only for asp.net controls.
Theme File Structure
MyWebSite
> App_Themes
> BlueTheme
> Controls.skin
> BlueTheme.css
> PinkTheme
> Controls.skin
> PinkTheme.css
Applying Themes
Apply a theme to a Web site
<configuration> <system.web>
<pages theme="ThemeName" /> </system.web>
</configuration>
Apply a theme to an individual page
<%@ Page Theme="ThemeName" %>
Done
So who thinks Win forms are better than web forms?
Firebug
http://getfirebug.com/
ASP.NET Webforms
http://www.asp.net/web-forms/
ASP.NET MVC
http://www.asp.net/mvc/
Resources
ASP.NET AJAX
http://www.asp.net/ajax/
Ramp up your skills
http://msdn.microsoft.com/rampup
Resources
Quickstarts
http://quickstarts.asp.net/
Master pages
http://www.asp.net/learn/master-pages/
Profiles, Themes and user controls
http://www.asp.net/learn/moving-to-asp.net-2.0/module-10.aspx
Page lifecycle
http://www.asp.net/learn/videos/video-6558.aspx
Resources – ASP.NET
Validation
http://quickstarts.asp.net/QuickStartv20/aspnet/doc/validation/default.aspx
Configuration & Deploying
http://www.asp.net/learn/videos/video-05.aspx
User controls
http://www.asp.net/learn/videos/video-194.aspx
Resources – ASP.NET
Silverlight Designer and Developer Network
http://www.sddn.org.au/
Sydney Deep .NET User Group
http://www.sdnug.org/
Newcastle Coders Group
http://www.ncg.asn.au/
Sydney .NET Users Group
http://www.ssw.com.au/ssw/NETUG/Sydney.aspx
Resources - Usergroups
Thank You!
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ABN: 21 069 371 900
Phone: + 61 2 9953 3000 Fax: + 61 2 9953 3105
