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Caprice Paduano

Chapter 4

Philosophical Foundations of U.S. Education

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1. Why is philosophy important to teachers?2. What is the nature of philosophy?3. What determines your educational

philosophy?4. What are the branches of philosophy?5. What are five modern philosophical

orientations to teaching?6. What psychological orientations have

influenced teaching philosophies?7. How can you develop your educational

philosophy

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• Understanding of philosophy will enhance professionalism

• Use as a guide for Professional Action• Focuses efforts

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Philosophy identifying the basic truths about being, knowledge, and conduct

Love of Wisdom

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Beliefs about Teaching and Learning Transmission of Knowledge Construction of Knowledge

Beliefs about Students Beliefs about Knowledge Beliefs about What is worth knowing

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Metaphysics explaining the nature of reality

Epistemology explaining knowledgeKnowing based on:AuthorityDivine RevelationEmpiricismReason and LogicIntuition

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Axiology Explaining values

EthicsExplaining morals

Aesthetics Explaining values or art and beauty

Logic Explaining reasoningDeductiveInductive

Socratic questioning

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Humanism Personal freedom and responsibility determine learning

Behaviorism Environment determines learning

Constructivism Cognitive processes to construct learning

•Cognitive Science – study of mental processes used in thinking and remembering

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Perennialism Knowledge of unchanging principles or great ideas

Essentialism Knowledge of core subjects

Progressivism Knowledge from student’s interest

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Existentialism Knowledge of what is important to the studentPostmodern--Knowledge that challenges historically constructed views of reality

Social Reconstructionism Knowledge about changing the social orderCritical Pedagogy – focus on how education can promote social justiceFeminist Pedagogy – focus on creating caring communities of engaged learners, collaboration and democracy for all

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6. What sensory related environmental considerations are made (e.g. noise, lighting, over visual stimulation onwalls and spaces)?

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Eclectic Philosophy unique blend of 2 or more philosophies

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