8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

1/22

Introduction to Health & Safety

What is Health ?

Absence of disease

Physical , mental & social well being

What is Safety ?

Freedom from Uncontrolled / unacceptable / significantrisks

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

2/22

Difference Between Safety and Health?

Safety 212

Health 6,000

Estimated workplace deaths in the UK 2005/06

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

3/22

Definitionsy Hazard

y Risk

y Risk assessment

y Accident

Near accident / Near-miss / Incident

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

4/22

Definitions

y Hazard?

Ahazard is the inherent potential to cause injury ordamage to peoples health ILO 1981 or

something with the potential to cause loss (HSE 2000).

Hazards maybe :physical, chemical, biological,

ergonomic or psychological.

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

5/22

Definitions

y Risk?

Risk is a combination of the likelihood of anoccurrence of a hazardous event and the severity

of injury or damage to the health of people causedby this event ILO 1981 or

the likelihood that harm will occur and the severityof the harm HSE 2000

Likelihood X Severity

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

6/22

Activity

+

Any part ofa job-specific process, task

orprocedureassociated with a product

orservice

azardazard is something with thepotentia

to causea loss (human, assets ,

money etc)

=

RiskA measure of theLikelihood foran

incident to occurand of the potential

Severity of the consequences.

Definition ofHazardandRisk

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

7/22

Definitions

y Accident An unplanned, unwanted

event which results in a loss ofany kind.

example: An employee tripped

over a cable that had been leftlying on the ground across thewalkway, as he was carrying abox back to his office. Theemployee broke his wrist

and/or the contents of the boxwerebroken when dropped.

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

8/22

Definitions

y Incident / Near-miss /NearAccident or closecall

An unplanned, unwanted event

that had the potential to resultin a loss , BUT

example: An employee trippedover a cable lying across a

walkway.After falling to the

ground the employee got up andfortunately did not suffer anyinjuries.

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

9/22

Why Manage Health and Safety?

y Moral reasons

y Legal

y Financial

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

10/22

Management Systems

Plan

Do

Check Act

Step 1

Establish standardsfor health & safety

managementbasedon risk assessment

and legalrequirements

Step 2

Implement plansto achieveob jectives andstandards

Step 4

Review againstobjectives andstandards and

take appropriateaction

Step 3

Measure progresswith plans andcompliance withstandards

A C

DP

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

11/22

H & S M S : ILO-OSH, 2001 (ILO)

y Policy

y Organising

y Planning andImplementation

y Monitoring

y

Audits & Reviews

Policy

Organising

Planning &implementation

Evaluation

Action forimprovement

Audit

Continualimprovement

Continualimprovement

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

12/22

Policy

y Business plan for safety

Health and safety aims

Health and safetyobjectives

Management commitment

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

13/22

Contents of the Health and Safety Policy

y Statement of intent

y Organisation

y

Arrangements

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

14/22

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

15/22

Organisingy Promoting a positive H & S culture

Competence Recruitment, knowledge, ability training, experience,

qualifications

Commitment and control Allocating responsibility and accountability

Securing commitment

Information, training instruction and supervision (ITIS)

Co-operation Internal and external

Communication Oral, written, visible

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

16/22

Organisation

y IdentifiesChannels ofcommunicationwithin theorganization

y IdentifiesRoles and Responsibilities

General Person with ultimate responsibility

Senior Management

Workers

Specific

Health and SafetyAdviser

Health and Safety Rep

Key persons, e.g. First-aid, fire safety, training

Trainees

Production Operatives

Prodcution Manager

Production Director

Sales operatives

Accounts Managers

Accounts Director

Junior

Office Operatives

Office Manager

Administration Director

Managing Director

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

17/22

Arrangements

y How the policy will be implemented : Thepractical means for achieving the objectives laid

down in the policy statement

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

18/22

Example Arrangements:

y Risk assessment process

y Safe systems of workdevelopment

y Permit-to Work

y Plant, equipment,substance purchase anduse

y Use and handling ofhazardous substances

y Driving on Companybusiness

y Selection and control ofContractors

y Provision and use of PPE

y Emergency procedures,

fire, first-aid, etc.y Accident / incident

reporting andinvestigation

y Active and reactive

monitoringy Welfare

y Training

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

19/22

OHSAS 18001, 1999

y OH&S Policy

y Planning

y Implementation and operation

y Checking and corrective action

y Management review

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

20/22

Planning and Implementation

y Set targets

y Identify hazards, assess and control risks

y

Standard setting and monitoringy Legal compliance

y Safe systems of work

y Purchase policy

y Control of contractors

y Emergency procedures

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

21/22

Monitoring / Evaluation

y Measuring performance

Active monitoring

Reactive monitoring

8/6/2019 Introduction to Health & Safety

22/22

Action for Improvement (Audits/Reviews)

y Learn from experience

Audit

Performance review

Active and reactive monitoring

Benchmarking

Achievement of objectives

y Continual improvement