Systematic Reviews in OsloJanneke Staaks
March 4, 2014
Universiteitsbibliotheek
Specialist Wetenschappelijke Informatie
Psychology
Child Development and Education
Anthropology
Janneke Staaks
@jstaaks
3
Evidence Based Practice
guidelines
Syntheses Synopses
Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses
Primary Studies
Best evidence?
Goodyear-Smith, F. A., van Driel, M. L., Arroll, B., & Del Mar, C. (2012). Analysis of decisions made in meta-analyses of depression screening and the risk of confirmation bias: A case study. BMC medical research methodology, 12(1), 76 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2288/12/76
Disclaimer
Transparence and reproducibility Can I find everything?
A specificity of 100% means that the test
recognizes all actual positives Noise?
A sensitivity of 100% means that the test
recognizes all actual negatives
Preparation
Research question and/or protocol Key concepts
Search terms
Articles Search queries
Cochrane library
ERIC CINAHL PsycINFO Embase Medline0
5,000,000
10,000,000
15,000,000
20,000,000
25,000,000
Databases
You searched a database and found far too few results. How can you broaden your search and increase the search results? Choose the three right answers from the following.A. Add search terms and combine with AND.B. Search more fields, for example "words in abstract".C. Limit to the most recent publications.D. Combine the search terms with OR.E. Use different search terms, for example synonyms.
RCT & SRDiabetesDepression
Effect of interventions for major depressive disorder (..) in patients with diabetes mellitus
Search terms
General - specific ethnic minority or Asian
physiological measures or cortisol
Synonyms and related terms social phobia or social anxiety or blushing
Acronyms Major Depressive Disorder or MDD
Search terms
Spelling US – UK: behavior or behaviour
Single - plural: child or children
Verb tenses: cry, crying or cried etc
Opposites fertility or infertility
Historical language Changes in DSM
Search terms
Abstract There is ample evidence for the existence of an association between sleeplessness and worry. Not much is known, however, concerning the nature of this relationship. Therefore, a study was conducted investigating the causal relationship between sleeplessness and nocturnal worry. A 2 x 2 (Worry x Induced sleeplessness) analysis of covariance design was used. The first factor consisted of a subject variable defined by scoring either high or low on a trait measure of worry (the Penn State Worry Questionnaire) and the second factor consisted of 300 mg caffeine or placebo. A total of 96 female undergraduate students participated. The dependent variables comprised measures of nocturnal worry (the Night-Time Thoughts Questionnaire) and subjective and objective sleep parameters. Overall, caffeine caused an increase in nocturnal worry and sleeplessness. A significant interaction effect occurred between Worry and Induced sleeplessness on one of the objective sleep parameters, but no other interaction effects were significant. The results suggest that worry may occur as an epiphenomenon of sleeplessness.
Key Concepts caffeine, sleeplessness, night time thoughts, worriers
Subject Headings
*Anxiety*Caffeine*Cognitions*Insomnia
Night-time thoughts in high and low worriers: Reaction to caffeine-induced sleeplessness
link
Sleeplessness 354
Nocturnal worry 1
Insomnia 3.922
overlap (1 OR 2 OR 3) 4.186
Search terms
Controlled vocabulary Subject headings, Mesh terms, thesaurus etc.
Insomnia/
Free text terms title, abstract etc. (may vary across databases)
sleeplessness.ti,ab,id.
Wildcards
depression
depressive
depressed
depress*depressogenic
depressie
depressotypic
Test your hypotheses
snake fear 54
“snake fear”
snake AND fear
famil* 295.000
family OR families 253.000
1 NOT 2#2
#1
search term
54387
Tip: finding search terms
Sleeplessness.ti,ab,id. 349
Insomnia.ti,ab,id. 7.779
Insomnia/ 3.922
3 NOT (1 OR 2) 170
Abstract There is ample evidence for the existence of an association between sleeplessness and worry. Not much is known, however, concerning the nature of this relationship. Therefore, a study was conducted investigating the causal relationship between sleeplessness and nocturnal worry. A 2 x 2 (Worry x Induced sleeplessness) analysis of covariance design was used. The first factor consisted of a subject variable defined by scoring either high or low on a trait measure of worry (the Penn State Worry Questionnaire) and the second factor consisted of 300 mg caffeine or placebo. A total of 96 female undergraduate students participated. The dependent variables comprised measures of nocturnal worry (the Night-Time Thoughts Questionnaire) and subjective and objective sleep parameters. Overall, caffeine caused an increase in nocturnal worry and sleeplessness. A significant interaction effect occurred between Worry and Induced sleeplessness on one of the objective sleep parameters, but no other interaction effects were significant. The results suggest that worry may occur as an epiphenomenon of sleeplessness.
Key Concepts caffeine, sleeplessness, night time thoughts, worriers
Subject Headings
*Anxiety*Caffeine*Cognitions*Insomnia
Night-time thoughts in high and low worriers: Reaction to caffeine-induced sleeplessness
.ab.
.id.
.ti.
Insomnia/
You searched a database and found far too few results. How can you broaden your search and increase the search results? Choose the three right answers from the following.A. Add search terms and combine with AND.B. Search more fields, for example "words in abstract".C. Limit to the most recent publications.D. Combine the search terms with OR.E. Use different search terms, for example synonyms.
RCT & SRDiabetesDepression AND AND
Effect of interventions for major depressive disorder (..) in patients with diabetes mellitus
213.000 titles 17.000 titles 165.000 titles
You searched a database and found far too few results. How can you broaden your search and increase the search results? Choose the three right answers from the following.A. Add search terms and combine with AND.B. Search more fields, for example "words in abstract".C. Limit to the most recent publications.D. Combine the search terms with OR.E. Use different search terms, for example synonyms.
Depression Diabetes RCT & SR
Effect of interventions for major depressive disorder (..) in patients with diabetes mellitus
213.000 titles 17.000 titles 165.000 titles
You searched a database and found far too few results. How can you broaden your search and increase the search results? Choose the three right answers from the following.A. Add search terms and combine with AND.B. Search more fields, for example "words in abstract".C. Limit to the most recent publications.D. Combine the search terms with OR.E. Use different search terms, for example synonyms.
RCT & SRDepression
Diabetes336 titles
213.000 titles 17.000 titles 165.000 titles
Effect of interventions for major depressive disorder (..) in patients with diabetes mellitus
RCT & SRDepression
213.000 titles 17.000 titles 165.000 titles
Databases
About PsycINFO
All about behavior
Experimental research ‘X causes Y’
Correlational research ‘X is correlated with Y’
X + Y (+ P)
PsycINFO Factsheet
1967: first electronic publication of Psychological Abstracts
1995: 1 milion records
Source: Beebe, L. (2010) PsycINFO’s Growth. retrieved from: http://www.apa.org/pubs/databases/news/2010/12/psycinfo-growth.aspx
PsycINFO Factsheet
2014
>3,6 milion records
Coverage: 1597 – present comprehensive from the 1880s
Weekly updates 80% journal records
3% book records, 8% chapter records
12% dissertation abstracts
Other Databases
Health care Medline, Embase
CINAHL, Sportdiscus, Pilots
Cochrane Library
Education ERIC, Linguistic and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA)
EPPI
Sociology Sociological Abstracts, Campbell library
Other Databases
Publishers Syntax Fields Subject headings
29
Reference Manager Software
https://www.flickr.com/photos/sherlock77/416909735
RefworksReference Manager
Endnote
Complementary Search Strategies
Citation tracking Web of Science and Google Scholar (cited by..)
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors
Hand searching Journals
Conference proceedings
Consulting experts
File drawer problem
Statistics Unpublished research
Contacting authors
Clinicaltrials.gov
International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) from
the World Health Organization (WHO)
Grey literature Dissertations
Conference Proceedings
https://www.flickr.com/photos/rdennis/11948643
DIY Database help University Library website Librarian
Help
From clinical to social science librarian..
Database order Fields Subject headings Explode function
Difference severity of depression between securely versus insecurely attached children
PsycINFO 1.745 titlesMedline 504 titlesERIC 176 titlesCochrane 115 titles
(beck* depression inventory OR BDI).ti,ab,id,tm.
but
(depress* OR affective).tm.
Tests and measures field
Test and Measures
PsycINFO: test and measures field (.tm.) ERIC: identifier field (.id.)
PsycINFO: Supplement Subject HeadingsERIC: Geographic Locations
Tests and Testing Laws and Legislation
Education
Reading comprehension and strategy instruction
Family Literacy Programs
http://www.flickr.com/photos/limegreen367/7607047458/
Reading and the thesaurus
From 15 to 7 subject headings Exclude learning disorders
Focus Do: Phonological awareness, literacy etc.
Don’t: reading speed, reading materials etc.
Thesaurus
Explode?
Reading
Intervention Children
Home
Explode?
PsycINFO
ERIC
Further reading
Goodyear-Smith, F. A., van Driel, M. L., Arroll, B., & Del Mar, C. (2012). Analysis of decisions made in meta-analyses of depression screening and the risk of confirmation bias: A case study. BMC medical research methodology, 12(1), 76.
Sampson M., McGowana J., Cogob E., Grimshaw J., Moher D., Lefebvre C. (2009) An evidence-based practice guideline for the peer review of electronic search strategies. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 62(9) 944-952
https://www.flickr.com/photos/doug88888/6486005213
Questions?