Introduction to Introduction to Technical and Technical and Vocational Education Vocational Education in Malaysiain Malaysia(Secondary Technical Schools)(Secondary Technical Schools)
Technical Education DepartmentTechnical Education Department
Ministry of Education MalaysiaMinistry of Education Malaysia
TECHNICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT 2004-presentTECHNICAL EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT 2004-present
ORGANISATION CHART
DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL OF EDUCATION (Technical)
Technical & VocationalEducation Management
Division
Technical & Vocational Planning and Research
Division
Staff Training and DevelopmentDivision
Technical & VocationalCurriculum
Division
OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES ofof SECONDARY TECHNICAL/VOCATIONAL SCHOOLSSECONDARY TECHNICAL/VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS
To provide general education.To provide general education. To provide a good foundation in technical To provide a good foundation in technical
and vocational education to enable and vocational education to enable students to further their studies.students to further their studies.
To provide the industrial and commercial To provide the industrial and commercial sectors with manpower equipped with basic sectors with manpower equipped with basic skills and knowledge.skills and knowledge.
To provide a flexible and broad based To provide a flexible and broad based curriculum to meet the immediate and curriculum to meet the immediate and future needs and changes in technology.future needs and changes in technology.
Technical and Vocational Training providers Technical and Vocational Training providers beside Ministry of Education (for school beside Ministry of Education (for school leavers)leavers)
Industrial Training InstitutesIndustrial Training Institutes Agricultural InstitutesAgricultural Institutes National Youth Training InstitutesNational Youth Training Institutes MARA Skill Training InstitutesMARA Skill Training Institutes Private training institutesPrivate training institutes Etc.Etc.
Maintaining Curriculum Maintaining Curriculum Standard and QualityStandard and Quality
Curriculum Development by Curriculum Committee
Advisory
Committee
Approval from Curriculum Central Committee
Implementation
Input &Feedback
Draft
Input
Final Draft
• Standards• Industry, Business• Academics• Visits• Studies
• Policy Decision• Consultancy Recommendations• Proposal from Institutions
Education Planning Committee
TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION PATHWAYS
Age
Lower Secondary
Primary
World of Work Years of Schooling
10
11
16
17
Post Graduate
Degree
Diploma
Certificate
Form 6 Matriculation Colleges
Secondary Academic SchoolTECHNICAL SCHOOL
Technical Vocational
Polytechnics & Community Colleges
Malaysian Cert. of Education (MCE)
MHSC
University & Institution of Higher Learning
Skills
MSC
Skills Training Institutes
Vocational Qualification
Age 7 - 12
Age 13 - 15
University College
12
13
18
19
20
2122
23
24
14151617
18
19
20
21
24
25
26
VS
Technical Stream (current curriculum structure)Technical Stream (current curriculum structure)Core Subject
Periods1. Malay Language
6 2. English Language
53. English for Science & Technology
34. Mathematics
55. Islamic Education/Moral
4/36. History
3 7. Physical and Health Education
2
Electives Subject
8. Eng Drawing / P Accounting / Biology 4 *9. Additional Mathematics
410. Physics 411. Chemistry
412. Electives Selection
4
Electives Selection
1. Mechanical Eng Studies 2. Civil Eng Studies3. Electrical & Electronics Eng
Studies4. Agrotechnology Studies5. Agricultural Science6. Entrepreneur Studies7. Apparel Studies8. Food Management
Student have to choose one
EteMS ETTecS 2006
English for the teaching of Mathematics, Science
and Technical Subjects
Vocational Stream (current curriculum structure)Vocational Stream (current curriculum structure)Building ConstructionConstruction TechnologyWoodworks and BrickworkGeometrical & Construction DrawingElectricalElectrical TechnologyElectrical Installation and ControlGeometrical & Electrical DrawingElectronicsElectronics TechnologyRadio & Television ServicingGeometrical & Electronics DrawingMachine Shop PracticeMachine Shop TechnologyMachining & Filing PracticeGeometrical & Machine Drawing Welding & Metal FabricationMetal Fabrication & Welding TechnologyWeldingGeometrical & Metal Fabrication DrawingAutomotiveAutomotive TechnologyVehicle Services and RepairsGeometrical & Automotive DrawingRefrigeration & Air ConditioningRefrigeration & Air Conditioning TechnologyRefrigeration & Air Conditioning PracticeGeometrical & Air Conditioning Drawing Business ManagementBusiness ComputingPrinciple of AccountCommerce
ContentContentSubjects PeriodsCore Academics1. Malay Language 6 2. English Language 53. Mathematics 54. Islamic/Moral Edu 4/35. History 3 6. Science 57. PHE 2Vocational Electives8. Technology 49. Workshop 1310. Drawings 4
CateringCatering TechnologyFood Preparation & ServicesCommerceFashion Design & DressmakingFashion Design & Dressmaking TechnologyFashion Designing & DressmakingCommerceBeauty CultureBeauty TechnologyCosmetology & HairdressingCommerceChild CareChild Care StudiesChild Care & Guidance CommerceBakery & ConfectioneryBakery & ConfectioneryBread & PattisserieCommerceOrnamental Horticulture & LandscapeCrop ProductionDairy ProductionOrnamental Horticulture & LandscapeFarm MachineryCrop ProductionDairy ProductionFarm MachineryFarm ManagementCrop ProductionDairy ProductionFarm Management
Academic 55% CoreVocational 45% Technology & Skill
StructureStructure
Making technical and vocational Making technical and vocational education ‘works’education ‘works’
Career FocusBased on StandardsModularization/Competency Based EducationArticulation
Traditional Curriculum
NEW VOCATIONAL CURRICULUM NEW VOCATIONAL CURRICULUM CONCEPTCONCEPT
• School Based Assessment
• Competency Assessment
• Modular Certification
ContentContent• Integration of technology, practical and drawing (75% skill)
• Accommodate Polytechnics & Community Colleges subjects/modules• Articulation to Polytechnics & Community Colleges • Entrepreneurship modules (across curriculum)
• Introduction of Applied Science
Approach (Approach (Pedagogy)Pedagogy)
AssessmentAssessment
• Modular
• Competency Based Learning
Vocational Curriculum Content Vocational Curriculum Content (new vocational)(new vocational)
Accommodate and Articulate
Community College Modules
PolytechnicModules
GeometricalDrawing
Vocational Subjects
A B
Entrepreneur
Vocational Curriculum Structure 2006/7Vocational Curriculum Structure 2006/7
Core Subjects Periods1. Malay Language 6 2. English Language 53. Mathematics 54. Islamic / Moral Education 4/35. History 3 6. Science/Applied Science 57. PHE 2
Vocational Elective Subjects8. Vocational A 10 9. Vocational B 10
Modular
Competency AssessmentModular Certification
Articulation
WorldOf Work
MCE
Academics 55%Vocational 45%
• Polytechnics (20)
• Community Colleges (34)
Vocational StreamVocational Stream Courses/ Courses/ Subjects 2006/7Subjects 2006/7
MACHINE SHOP PRACTICEA. Computer MachiningB. Engineeringl Workshop Practice
WELDINGA. Arc WeldingB. Gas Welding
AUTOMOTIVEA. Vehicle AutomotiveB. Electrical & Diesel Automotive
REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONINGA. RefrigerationB. Air Conditioning
CATERINGA. Western & Eastern Food PreparationB. Food and Beverages Preparation
FASIONA. Dress MakingB. Dress Pola
BEAUTIFICATIONA. Make upB. Hair Dressing
CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICESA. Child Development StudiesB. Child Services
BAKERIA. Yeast and BreadB. Patisserie
TOURISMA. Recreational & TourismB. Basic Tourism Skill
OFFICE TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENTA. Computer Application in BusinessB. Business Office Technology
BUSINESS MANAGEMENTA. Computer Application in BusinessB. Business Accounting
ORNAMENTAL HORT & LANDSCAPE
A. Agricultural MachineryB. Ornamental Hort &
Landscape
CROP TECHNOLOGYA. Agricultural MachineryB. Crop Production
CROP AGROINDUSTRYA. Agric. Product ProcessingB. Crop Production
LIVESTOCK AGROINDUSTRY
A. Agric. Product ProcessingB. Livestock Production
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICSA. Principle of E & EB. Application of E & E
COMPUTER PROGRAMMINGA. Fundamentals of ProgrammingB. Programming and Development
Tools
CREATIVE MULTIMEDIAA. Animation and Editorial DesignB. Creative Multimedia Editorial
COMPUTER SUPPORT & NETWORKING
A. Computer Support SystemB. Networking Support System
BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONA. Building MaterialsB. Construction Technology
Building Construction Workshop
Woodworking Workshop
Plumbing Workshop
Machining Workshop
Science Laboratory
Computer Laboratory
Education System Reforms
• Reducing the number of subjects in public examinations and increasing SBA
• From Term System to Semester System
• Reducing content-based and increasing skill-based
• Innovating T & L approach by fully utilising project management approach
EVALUATION STUDY
TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION CURRICULUM MANAGEMENT
Relationship and output benefit between Stage 1 (TSSs learners) and Stage 2 (TSSs learners in
Sem. 1 at polytechnics
source: Further study by TVCD October/November 2004
Curriculum
TSS Input Process OutputFurther Devt.
COMPARISON OF CGPA (Polytechnic)
3.10
3.15
3.20
3.25
3.30
3.35
K1 K2 K3
COHORT
CG
PA
TSS OTHERS POPULATION
COMPARISON OF MCE GRADE AVERAGE
5.00
5.10
5.20
5.30
5.40
5.50
5.60
K1 K2 K3
COHORT
MC
E S
CO
RE
TSS OTHERS POPULATION
Research Findings
• The product of technical secondary schools (TSSs) perform much better in Semester 1 at polytechnics, compared to the product of secondary schools even though the take-off values (TOV) of TSSs is marginally lower
• From studies conducted by employers, there exists an expectation gap among employers toward the performance of TSSs product at the workplacea) the product of TSSs are competent and skillful,
technically and academicallyb) However, employers evaluate highly personal
attributes and soft / employability skills
• Implementation of competency-based education• Integration of hands-on and heads-on• Articulation to institution of higher learning• Entrepreneurial element across VSSs courses
Vocational Stream REFORMS
• Reviewing the technical subject curriculum– School-based Assessment (SBA)– Employability skills
Technical stream REFORMS
Technical Curriculum Toward SBA & Employability Skills
FUTURE CURRICULUM
TOPICS
1.
2.
3.
contextualized
Centralised Assessment
60-70%
WORKSHOP PRACTICE
PROJECTS
PRESENTATION
OTHERS
School-based Assessment
30-40%
Key Competencies1. Collecting, analysing &
organising information
2. Communicating ideas and information
3. Planning and organising activities
4.Working with others and in teams
5. Using mathematical ideas and techniques
6. Solving problems
7. Using technology
* Other competencies
i.e SCANS
Terima kasihTerima kasihThank youThank you
Technical and Vocational Curriculum DivisionTechnical Education DepartmentMinistry of Education MalaysiaLevel 5, Block E-14, Parcel E,Federal Government Administration Centre 62604 Putrajaya, Malaysia